Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children

Öz

An outbreak of pneumonia of unknown origin occurred in China in December 2019. The disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) was named Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID- 19). COVID-19, which is seen less frequently in children than adults, is known to have milder symptoms. However, at the end of April 2020 in Europe, it was observed that some children with SARS-CoV-2 infections developed fever, abdominal pain, shock, myocardial insufficiency, and the need for intensive care. This new disease has been called Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children (MIS-C). Although the pathogenesis of MIS-C is unclear, it progresses with signs of multi-organ involvement as a result of uncontrolled inflammation of the immune system and even causes death. Therefore, the diagnosis and treatment of patients with MIS-C should be managed quickly. In this review, the pathophysiology, clinical and laboratory findings, diagnostic methods, and treatment regimens of MIS-C were discussed.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• COVID-19
• child
• SARS-CoV-2
• multisystem inflammatory syndrome
• diagnose
• treatment

Çocuklarda Çoklu Sistemik İnflamatuvar Sendrom

Öz

2019 yılı Aralık ayında Çin’de nedeni bilinmeyen pnömoni salgını meydana geldi ve ciddi akut solunum yetmezliği sendromu koronavirüs 2’nin (SARSCoV- 2) neden olduğu hastalığa Koronavirüs hastalığı 2019 (COVID-19) adı verildi. Koronavirüs hastalığı 2019 çocuklarda erişkinlere kıyasla daha az sıklıkla görülmekte ve daha hafif bulgularla seyrettiği bilinmektedir. Fakat Avrupa’da Nisan 2020’nin sonlarında SARS-CoV-2 enfeksiyonu geçiren bazı çocuklarda ateş, karın ağrısı, şok, miyokardiyal yetmezlik ve yoğun bakımı ihtiyacı geliştiği görülmüştür. Bu yeni hastalığa Çoklu Sistemik İnflamatuvar Sendrom (MIS-C) adı verilmiştir. MIS-C’in patogenezi net olmamakla birlikte immün sistemin kontrolsüz inflamasyonu sonucunda çoklu organ tutulumuna ait bulgularla seyretmekte ve hatta ölüme neden olmaktadır. Bu nedenle MIS-C’li hastaların tanı ve tedavilerinin hızlıca yönetilmesi gerekmektedir. Bu derlemede MIS-C hastalığının patofizyolojisi, klinik ve laboratuvar bulguları, tanı yöntemleri ve tedavi rejimleri irdelenmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• COVID-19
• çocuk
• SARS-CoV-2
• çoklu sistemik inflamatuvar sendrom
• tanı
• tedavi

Kaynakça

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