Evaluation of the frequency and types of structural heart disease in fetuses of pregnant women according to risk groups by fetal echocardiography

Öz

Aim: The aim of this study is to evaluate the frequency of congenital heart diseases (CHD) encountered in low-risk and high-risk pregnant women by fetal echocardiographic (FE) examination. Material and Method: The records of 855 pregnant women with a gestational week greater than 16 who applied to the pediatric cardiology outpatient clinic of our hospital between July 2019- October 2021 and underwent FE were analyzed retrospectively. Results: CHD was detected in 109 (12.7%) of 855 pregnant women who were referred to our center and underwent FE examination. Frequency of CHD was given according to risk groups. The rate of CHD in patients in the high-risk group was 15.2%, while it was 9% in patients in the low-risk group (p=0.008). Significant CHD was 6.2% in the high-risk group versus 2.7% in the low-risk group (p=0.016). The most common structural cardiac anomaly in FE examination was ventricular septal defect (38.5% in 42 fetuses), and the second most common cardiac anomaly was atriyoventricular septal defect (18.3% in 20 fetuses). Conclusion: In our study, it was found a higher rate of CHD in pregnant women in the high-risk group than in the low-risk group and especially significant CHD was detected more common in pregnant women in the high-risk group.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• fetal echocardiography
• congenital heart defects
• fetuses

Gebelerin risk gruplarına göre fetüslerindeki yapısal kalp hastalığı sıklığı ve tiplerinin fetal ekokardiyografi tetkiki ile değerlendirilmesi

Öz

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı düşük riskli ve yüksek riskli gebelerde karşılaşılan konjenital kalp hastalıkları (KKH) sıklığının fetal ekokardiyografi (FE) tetkiki ile araştırılmasıdır Materyal Metod: Temmuz 2019-Ekim 2021 tarihleri arasında hastanemiz çocuk kardiyoloji polikliniğine başvuran ve FE uygulanan gestasyonel haftası 16 dan büyük 855 gebenin kayıtları geriye dönük olarak incelendi. Bulgular: Çalışma yaptığımız merkezimize yönlendirilerek FE incelemesi yapılan 855 gebenin 109'unda (%12,7) KKH saptandı. KKH sıklığı risk gruplarına göre verildi. Başvuru nedenlerine göre yüksek riskli grupta yer alan hastalarda DKH nın oranı % 15.2 iken düşük riskli gruptaki hastalarda % 9 olarak tespit edildi (p=0.008). Önemli DKH yüksek riskli grupta % 6.2 iken düşük riskli grupta % 2.7 idi (p=0.016). Fetal ekokardiyografi incelemesinde en sık rastlanan kardiyak anomali ventriküler septal defekt (42 fetusta %38.5) ve ikinci sıklıkta tespit ettiğimiz kardiyak anomali ise atriyoventriküler septal defekt idi (20 fetusta % 18.3). Sonuç: Çalışmamızda yüksek risk grubundaki gebelerde düşük risk grubundakilere göre daha yüksek oranda KKH bulundu ve özellikle önemli KKH yüksek risk grubundaki gebelerde daha sık saptandı.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• fetal ekokardiyografi
• konjenital kalp defekti
• fetüs

Kaynakça

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