İsteyerek düşük yapan ve spontan düşük yapan kadınlarda depresyon, anksiyete ve yaşam kalitesi ölçekleri ile karşılaştırmalı prospektif bir çalışma

Öz

Amaç: İsteyerek düşük ve spontan düşük nedeniyle gebeliği sonlandırılacak kadınların yaşam kalitesi (YK), depresyon ve anksiyete belirtileri açısından karşılaştırılması. Yöntem: Bu prospektif vaka-kontrol çalışmasına, gebelik terminasyonu için hastaneye yatırılan kadınlar dahil edildi. İsteyerek düşük grubundaki 35 kadına ve spontan düşük grubundaki 35 kadına, kronik sistemik hastalıklar, önceden bilinen psikolojik rahatsızlıklar ve uyuşturucu madde kullanımı dışlandıktan sonra öz değerlendirme anketleri sunuldu. Bunun için terminasyon öncesi psikolojik stres düzeylerini belirlemek için WHOQOL-BREF kısa form yaşam kalitesi anketi, Beck Depresyon ve Beck Anksiyete envanteri kullanıldı. Bulgular: İsteyerek düşük grubunda orta-ağır depresyon istatistiksel olarak spontan düşük grubuna göre daha yüksek bulundu (sırasıyla %31,4, %5,7, p<0,05). Benzer şekilde, isteyerek düşük grubunda orta-şiddetli anksiyete %34.3, spontan düşük grubunda %8.6 idi ve istatistiksel olarak fark gözlendi (p<0.05). Yaşam kalitesi ölçeğinin fiziksel ve psikolojik alanı açısından, isteyerek düşük grubunda spontan düşük grubuna göre istatistiksel olarak anlamlı derecede daha düşük sonuçlar elde ettik (p<0.05). Sonuç: İsteyerek düşük yapan kadınların, gebeliği sonlandırmadan önce, spontan düşük yapanlara göre depresyon ve anksiyeteye daha yatkın oldukları gözlendi. İsteyerek düşük grubundaki düşük psikolojik YK skorları ve her iki gruptaki düşük çevresel YK skorları, üreme çağındaki kadınların öz yeterliklerini ve psikolojik dayanıklılıklarını artıracak stratejilerle desteklemenin, ileride yaşanacak erken gebelik sorunlarının yönetiminde onlara fayda sağlayacağını düşündürmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• isteyerek düşük
• spontan düşük
• depresyon
• anksiyete
• yaşam kalitesi

A comparative prospective study with depression, anxiety and quality of life scales in women with induced abortion and miscarriage before pregnancy termination

Öz

Objective: Comparison of women whose pregnancy will be terminated due to induced abortion and spontaneous miscarriage in terms of quality of life (QoL), depression and anxiety symptoms. Method: This prospective case-control study included women hospitalized for pregnancy termination. Self-evaluation questionnaires were presented to 35 women in induced abortion group and 35 women in miscarriage group after exclusion of chronic systemic disease, previously known psychological disorders and drug users, women recommended abortion by the decision of the health board. For this, WHOQOL-BREF short-form quality of life questionnaire, Beck Depression and Anxiety Inventory were used to determine psychological stress levels before termination. Results: Moderate-severe depression was found to be statistically higher in induced abortion group than miscarriage group (31.4 %, 5.7%, respectively, p<0.05). Similarly moderate-severe anxiety was 34.3% in induced abortion group and 8.6% in miscarriage group, and a statistical difference was observed (p<0.05). In terms of the physical and psychological domain of QoL, we obtained statistically significantly lower results in induced abortion group compared to miscarriage group (p<0.05). Conclusion: It was observed that women who had induced abortion were more prone to depression and anxiety before pregnancy termination than those who had spontaneous miscarriage . The low psychological QoL in induced abortion group as well as the low environmental QoL in both groups suggest that supporting women of reproductive age with strategies to enhance their self-efficacy and increasing their psychological resilience will benefit them in the management of early pregnancy problems that they may encounter in the future.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• induced abortion
• miscarriage
• depression
• anxiety
• quality of life

Kaynakça

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