Perinatal Dönemde Annelerin Duygu Durumlarının ve Kognitif Fonksiyonlarının Değerlendirilmesi ve Emzirme Başarısına Etkileri

Öz

Amaç: Biz bu çalışmada sadece anne sütü ile emzirme pratiği üzerine peripartum dönemdeki annenin kognitif fonksiyonlarının (bilişsel işlev, öğrenme, bellek), anksiyete ve postpartum depresyonun etkilerini incelemeyi amaçladık Gereç ve Yöntem: Kadın Hastalıkları ve Doğum polikliniğinde takip edilen son trimesterdeki gebeler çalışma grubu olarak çalışmaya alındı. Çalışma grubuna toplamda üç izlem yapıldı. Çalışmamızda kognitif fonksiyonların değerlendirilmesinde Mini Mental Durum Değerlendirme Ölçeği (MMSE), anksiyete değerlendirmesinde Durumluk-Sürekli Duygudurum Envanteri (STAI) 1, 2, postpartum depresyonun değerlendirilmesinde Edinburgh Postpartum Depresyon Ölçeği (EPDS), annenin emzirme öz yeterliliğinin değerlendirilmesinde Emzirme Özyeterlilik ölçeği (BSES), anne ve bebeğin emzirme tekniğinin değerlendirilmesinde Latch Emzirme Tanılama Ölçeği uygulandı. Bulgular: Çalışmaya 158 gebe ve 96 gebe olmayan kadın alındı. Doğum öncesi STAI 2 skorları (µ = 47.30) kontrollerden (µ = 45.19) yüksekken (p = 0.005), MMSE skorları açısından anlamlı fark yoktu (p = 0.11). Doğum sonrası doğum öncesine göre STAI 2 skorlarında anlamlı derecede azalma (p = 0.001), MMSE skorlarında anlamlı derede yükselme tespit edildi (p = 0.001). Emzirmede başarılı ve başarısız olan gruplar arasında STAI 1,2 ve MMSE skorları açısından fark saptanmadı (p>0.05). Emzirmede başarılı olan grupta LATCH skorları istatistiksel anlamlı derecede daha yüksekti (p = 0.001). EPDS skorları ile LATCH (r = -0.427, p = 0.00 ) ve postpartum MMSE(r = -0.16, p = 0.45 ) skorları arasında negatif bir korelasyon saptandı. Sonuç: Sadece anne sütü ile beslenme uyumu, emzirmenin başlatılması ve sürdürülmesinde istenilen başarı oranlarını yakalamak için peripartum dönemde anne, kognitif düzeyini de içirecek şekilde biyopsikososyal açıdan bir bütün olarak ele alınıp destek sağlanmalıdır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Kognitif fonksiyon
• Sadece anne sütü ile Emzirme
• Postpartum Depresyon
• Anksiyete

Assessment of Mothers' Mood and Cognition Functions in Perinatal Period and Their Influences on Breastfeeding Success

Öz

Aim: In this study, we aimed to examine the effects of peripartum mother's cognitive functioning, anxiety, and postpartum depression of mothers on the practice of exclusive breastfeeding. Material and Method: The pregnant women in the last trimester who were attended in the outpatient department of obstetrics and gynecology were included in the study as the study group. A total of three follow-ups were conducted in the study group. In our study Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) was used to assess cognitive functioning, State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) 1,2 to assess anxiety, Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) to assess postpartum depression, Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy Scale (BSES) to assess mother's self- efficacy in breastfeeding, LATCH Breastfeeding Assessment Tool to assess mother's and baby's breastfeeding technique. Results: All of 158 pregnant and 96 non-pregnant women were enrolled in the study. After delivery, there was a significant decrease in STAI 2 scores compared to the prenatal period (p=0.001) and a significant increase in MMSE scores (p=0.001). There was no difference in STAI 1,2 , and MMSE scores between the groups with and without successful breastfeeding (p >0.05). LATCH scores were statistically significantly higher in the group that successfully breastfed (p =0.001). LATCH (r=-0.427, p<0.001) and postpartum MMSE (r=-0.16, p=0.45) scores correlated negatively with EPDS scores. Conclusion: The maintenance of exclusive breastfeeding should be considered from a biopsychosocial perspective as a whole, including the mother's cognitive level during the peripartum period, and support should be provided to achieve the desired success rates in initiating and maintaining breastfeeding.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Cognitive function
• Exclusive Breastfeeding
• Postpartum Depression
• Anxiety
• State-Trait Anxiety Inventory
• Kognitif fonksiyon
• Sadece anne sütü ile Emzirme
• Postpartum Depresyon
• Anksiyete

Kaynakça

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