Ergen Bireylerde Phubbing, Benliğin Farklılaşması ve Katkı Üzerine Bir İnceleme

Yıl 2024, , 193 - 203, 31.07.2024

Ayfer Hatipoğlu , Abdullah Aldemir , Emre Gürel

https://doi.org/10.16899/jcm.1499755

Öz

Bu çalışmada ergen bireylerde phubbing, benliğin farklılaşması ile katkı ele alınmıştır. Çalışma, uygun örnekleme yöntemiyle 436 bireyle gerçekleştirilmiştir. Analizlerde gönüllü faaliyetlerde bulunan katılımcıların kendine ve topluluğa katkı ile katkı toplam puanında anlamlı farklılık olduğu, aile ile birlikte faaliyetlerde bulunan katılımcıların aile, topluluk ve katkı toplam puanlarında anlamlı farklılık olduğu bulunmuştur. Katılımcılar keyifli olduklarında bir etkinlikle uğraşmalarına bağlı olarak duygusal tepkisellik, ben pozisyonu, benliğin farklılaşması toplam puan ile kendini soyutlama, kendine katkı, topluluğa katkı ve katkı toplam puanlarında anlamlı farklılık görülmüştür. Ayrıca kendini iyi hissetmek adına bir şeyle uğraşan katılımcılarda duygusal tepkisellik, aile, topluluk ve katkı toplam puanlarında anlamlı farklılık olduğu bulunmuştur. Bu çalışmada benliğin farklılaşması ile katkı arasında phubbingin kısmi aracılık bulgusuna ulaşılmıştır. Araştırma bulguları alanyazındaki çalışmalarla tartışılmış ve önerilerde bulunulmuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Phubbing, benliğin farklılaşması, katkı, ergen bireyler.

A Study on Phubbing, Differentiation of Self and Contribution in Adolescents

Öz

The present study examined the phenomenon of "phubbing" in adolescents and its potential impact on the development of self-concept. The study was conducted with 436 individuals using a convenience sampling method. The results of the analyses indicated that there was a significant difference in the contribution to self and community and the total score of participants who were engaged in voluntary activities, and a significant difference in the family, community and total scores of participants who were engaged in activities with their families. The results indicated that there was a significant difference in the total scores of emotional reactivity, self-position, differentiation of self and total scores of self-abstraction, contribution to self, contribution to community and contribution, depending on whether the participants were engaged in an activity that they found enjoyable. Furthermore, it was demonstrated that there was a significant difference in emotional reactivity, family, community and contribution total scores in participants who were engaged in an activity to feel good. This study revealed a partial mediation effect of phubbing between differentiation of self and contribution. The findings of the research were discussed in the context of previous studies and suggestions were made.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Phubbing, differentiation of self, contribution

Kaynakça

• 1. Santrock, J. W.. Adolescence 2014. (Trans. Ed. Diğdem M. Siyez). Ankara: Nobel.
• 2. Budak, S.. Psikoloji Sözlüğü 2005. Ankara: Bilim ve Sanat Yayınları.
• 3. Kerr, M. Ve Bowen, M.). Family Evaluation 1988. New York: W.W. Norton & Company
• 4. Yıldız, B. Benlik farklılaşması ve affediciliğin ruminasyonu yordayıcı rolü. EKEV Akademi Dergisi 2019, (80), 41-56.
• 5. Sandage, S. J., & Jankowski, P. J. Spirituality, social justice, and intercultural competence: Mediator effects for differentiation of self. International Journal of Intercultural Relations 2013, 37(3), 366-374.
• 6. Nichols, M. P. Family therapy: Concepts and methods 2013. (O. Gündüz, Translation.) Istanbul: Kaknüs Publishing House.
• 7. Bowen, M. Family therapy in clinical practice 1985. New York: Jason Aronson.
• 8. Skowron, E. A. The role of differentiation of self in marital adjustment. Journal of counseling Psychology 2000, 47(2), 229.
• 9. Truskauskaitė-Kunevičienė, I., & Kaniušonytė, G. The three-dimensional contribution scale (3DCON): Development and psychometric evaluation. Current Psychology 2018, 39 (2), 540-549.
• 10. Truskauskaitė-Kuneviciene, I. The role of life satisfaction and volunteering frequency in predicting youth contribution to self, family and community. International Journal of Psychological Studies 2015, 7(1), 51.
• 11. Youniss, J., & Levine, P. Engaging young people in civic life 2009. Nashville: Vanderbilt University Press. Https://doi.org/10.5860/ choice.47-3941.
• 12. Jelicic, H., Bobek, D. L., Phelps, E., Lerner, R. M. Ve Lerner, J. V. Using positive youth development to predict contribution and risk behaviors in early adolescence: Findings from the first two waves of the 4-H Study of Positive Youth Development. International Journal of Behavioral Development 2007, 31(3), 263-273. Http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0165025407076439.
• 13. Lerner, R. M., Bowers, E. P., Geldhof, G. J., Gestsdóttir, S., & DeSouza, L. Promoting positive youth development in the face of contextual changes and challenges: The roles of individual strengths and ecological assets. New directions for youth development, 2012 (135), 119-128.
• 14. Crocetti, E., Erentaitė, R. & Žukauskienė, R. Identity styles, positive youth development, and civic engagement in adolescence. Journal of Youth and Adolescence 2014, 43, 1818-1828. Https://doi.org/ 10.1007/s10964-014-0100-4.
• 15. Catalano, R. F., Berglund, M. L., Ryan, J. A., Lonczak, H. S. & Hawkins, J. D. Positive youth development in the United States: Research findings on evaluations of positive youth development programs. The annals of the American academy of political and social science 2004, 591(1), 98-124. Http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0002716203260102.
• 16. Polat, K., & İlhan, T. Evli bireylerde çift uyumu ve bazı psikolojik belirtilerin benliğin farklılaşması açısından incelenmesi. Turkish Psychological Counseling and Guidance Journal 2018, 8(50), 87-115.
• 17. Mert, A., & Çetiner, P. Üniversite öğrencilerinin üniversite yaşamına uyum ile benlik ayrımlaşması arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesi. Sakarya University Journal of Education 2018, 8(3), 190-204.
• 18. Lampis, J., Cataudella, S., Busonera, A., & Skowron, E. A. The role of differentiation of self and dyadic adjustment in predicting codependency. Contemporary Family Therapy 2017, 39(1), 62–72. Doi:10.1007/s10591-017-9403- 4.
• 19. Skowron, E. A., & Dendy, A. K. Differentiation of self and attachment in adulthood: relational correlates of effortful control. Contemporary Family Therapy 2004, 26(3), 337 357. Doi:10.1023/b:coft.0000037919.63750.9d
• 20. Ross, A. S., & Murdock, N. L. Differentiation of self and well-being: The moderating effect of self-construal. Contemporary Family Therapy 2014, 36, 485-496.
• 21. Parmaksız, İ. Phubbıng in Communication and Relationships. Turkish Journal of Social Research 2020, 24(2), 359-372.
• 22. Geser, H. Towards a sociological theory of the mobile phone 2004. Http://socio.ch/mobile/ t_geser1.pdf adresinden erişildi (06.04.2024).
• 23. Roberts, J.A., & David, M.E. My life has become a major distraction from my cell phone: Partner phubbing and relationship satisfaction among romantic partners. Computers in Human Behavior 2016, 54, 134–141.
• 24. Xie, X., Chen, W., Zhu, X., & He, D. Parents' phubbing increases Adolescents' Mobile phone addiction: Roles of parent-child attachment, deviant peers, and gender. Children and Youth Services Review 2019, 105, 104426
• 25. Karadağ, E., Tosuntaş, Ş. B., Erzen, E., Duru, P., Bostan, N., Mızrak Şahin, B., ... Babadağ, B. Chronological Addiction of the Virtual World: Sociotelism (phubbing). Addicta: The Turkish Journal on Addiction 2016, 3, 223- 269. Http://dx.doi.org/10.15805/addicta.2016.3.0013.
• 26. Nazir, T. & Pişkin, M. Phubbing: A technological invasion which connected the world but disconnected humans. Int J Indian Psychol 2016, 3:68-76.
• 27. Al-Saggaf, Y., & O'Donnell, S. B. Phubbing: Perceptions, Reasons Behind, Predictors, and Impacts. Human Behavior and Emerging Technologies 2019, 1(2), 132-140. Https://doi.org/10.1002/hbe2.137
• 28. Ang, C. S., Teo, K. M., Ong, Y. L., & Siak, S. L. Investigation of a preliminary mixed method of phubbing and social connectedness in adolescents. Addiction & Health 2019, 11(1), 1.
• 29. Firman, F. Fenomena perilaku phubbing di lingkungan masyrakat. Jurnal Pendidikan dan Konseling (JPDK) 2022, 4(6), 12336-12341.
• 30. McDaniel, B.T., & Coyne, S.M. “Technoference”: The interference of technology in couple relationships and implications for women’s personal and relational well-being. Psychology of Popular Media Culture 2016, 5(1), 85-98. https:// doi.org/10.1037/ppm0000065.
• 31. Karaaziz, M., & Keskindağ, B. I love my smartphone”: A review study of smartphone addiction and related psychological risk factors. Bağımlılık Dergisi 2015, 16(2), 78-85.
• 32. Han, S., Min, J. & Lee, H. Antecedents of social presence and gratification of social connection needs in SNS: A study of Twitter users and their mobile and non-mobile usage. International Journal of Information Management 2015, 35(4), 459-471.
• 33. Wirth, J. H., Sacco, D. F., Hugenberg, K., & Williams, K. D. Eye gaze as relational evaluation: Averted eye gaze leads to feelings of ostracism and relational devaluation. Personality and social psychology bulletin 2010, 36(7), 869-882.
• 34. Shellenbarger, S. Secrets of effective office humour 2013. Wall street journal, August 13. access address: https://www.wsj.com/articles/secrets-of-effective-office-humor-1376436011 19.04.2024 accessed on.
• 35. Mok, J.Y., Choi, S.W., Kim, D.J., Choi, J.S., Lee, J., Ahn, H. & Song, W.Y. Latent class analysis on internet and smartphone addiction in college students 2014. Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment, 10, 817-828. http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/ NDT.S59293.
• 36. Creswell, J. W. Research design: Qualitative, quantitative and mixed method approaches. Selçuk Beşir Demir et al. (trans.) 2014, Ankara: Eğiten Kitap.
• 37. Franken, J. R., Wallen, N.,E.& Hyun, H.,H. How to design and evaluate research in Education 2012. Mcgraw-Hill, NY.
• 38. Büyüköztürk, Ş., Kılıç-Çakmak, E., Akgün, Ö. E., Karadeniz, Ş. and Demirel, F. Bilimsel araştırma yöntemi 2012. Ankara: Pegem Akademi.
• 39. Drake, J. R., Murdock, N. L., Marszalek, J. M., & Barber, C. E. Differentiation of self-inventory-short form: development and preliminary validation. Contemporary Family Therapy 2015, 37(2), 101-112.
• 40. Sarıkaya, Y., Boyacı, M., İlhan, T., & Aldemir, A. Adaptation of the differentiation of self inventory short form (DSI-SF) into Turkish: Validity and reliability study. Journal of Bartın University Faculty of Education 2018, 7 (2), 365-380.
• 41. Aldemir, A., & Balcı Çelik, S. Üç boyutlu katkı ölçeğinin türkçe’ye uyarlanması: Geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışması. Kastamonu Eğitim Dergisi 2020, 28(1), 539-548.
• 42. Chotpitayasunondh, V., & Douglas, K. M. Measuring phone snubbing behavior: Development and validation of the Generic Scale of Phubbing (GSP) and the Generic Scale of Being Phubbed (GSBP). Computers in Human Behavior 2018, 88, 5-17.
• 43. Güler, Ç., Sevinç, S. Ve Dinci, D. General Phubbing Scale Adaptation 2019. ISPEC 3rd International Social and Humanities Congress Full Text Book. 1152-1161. https://f6190cd2-9e5f-4edc 875076612352d015.filesusr.com/ugd/614b1f_827bdaa8ca3447e2afbff27f58b5f1b8.pdf
• 44. Gavcar, E. G., Büber, A., Balkis, M., & Şimşek, Ç. The psychometric properties of the general phubbing scale in adolescents. Pamukkale Medical Journal 2023, 16(3), 392-403.
• 45. Karaalioğlu, Z. Output analysis in SPSS 2015. Istanbul: Istanbul Commerce University. Retrieved from http://ders.es/kmo_barlett_testi.docx
• 46. Karagöz, Y. SPSS and AMOS 23 uygulamalı istatistiksel analiz 2016. Ankara: Nobel Akademik Yayıncılık Eğitim Danışmanlık Tic. Ltd. Şti.
• 47. Meydan, C. H. & Şeşen, H. Yapısal eşitlik modelinde AMOS uygulamaları 2015. Ankara: Detay Anatolia Academic Publishing Ltd. Şti.
• 48. Tabachnick, B. G. And Fidell, L. S. Çok değişkenli istatistiklerin kullanımı 2015. Ankara: Nobel Akademik Yayıncılık Eğitim Danışmanlık Tic. Ltd. Şti.
• 49. Aldemir, A. Merhamet ile mutluluk arasındaki ilişkide katkının aracı rolü ve yetişkin bireylerin görüşleri. Karma model [Yayımlanmamış Doktora Tezi] 2022. Ondokuzmayıs Üniversitesi.
• 50. Lerner, R. M., Lerner, J. V., Almerigi, J. B., Theokas, C., Phelps, E., Gestsdottir, S., ... & von Eye, A. Positive Youth Development, Participation in community youth development programs, and community contributions of fifth-grade adolescents findings from the first wave Of the 4-H study of Positive Youth Development. The Journal of Early Adolescence 2005, 25(1), 17-71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0272431604272461.
• 51. Seligman, M. Very Happy People. American Psychological Society 2002, 13 (1): 81-84.
• 52. Morrow-Howell, N., Hinterlong, J., Rozario, P. A., & Tang, F. Effects of volunteering on the well-being of older adults. The Journals of Gerontology Series B: Psychological Sciences and Social Sciences 2003, 58(3), S137-S145.
• 53. Eccles, JS, Early, D., Fraser, K., Belansky, E. ve McCarthy, K. Bağımsızlık için bağlantı, düzenleme ve desteğin ergenlerin işleyişiyle ilişkisi. Ergen Araştırmaları Dergisi 1997, 12 (2), 263-286.
• 54. Cook, T. D., Herman, M. R., Phillips, M., & Settersten, Jr, R. A. Some ways in which neighborhoods, nuclear families, friendship groups, and schools jointly affect changes in early adolescent development. Child development 2002, 73(4), 1283-1309.
• 55. Bailey, A. W., & Fernando, I. K. Routine and project-based leisure, happiness, and meaning in life. Journal of Leisure Research2012, 44(2), 139-154.
• 56. Kelly, L., Miller Ott, A. E. & Duran, R. L. Phubbing friends: Understanding face threats from, and responses to, friends’ cell phone usage through the lens of politeness theory. Communication Quarterly 2019, 67(5), 540-559. https://doi.org/10.1080/01463373.2019.1668443
• 57. Dupuis, S. L., & Smale, B. J. An examination of relationship between psychological well-being and depression and leisure activity participation among older adults. Loisir et société/Society and Leisure 1995, 18(1), 67-92.
• 58. Vernon, L., Modecki, K. L., & Barber, B. L. Mobile phones in the bedroom: Trajectories of sleep habits and subsequent adolescent psychosocial development. Child development 2018, 89(1), 66-77.
• 59. Ranie, L., & Zickuhr, K. Americans’ Views on Mobile Etiquette 2015. Washington DC: Pew Research Center.
• 60. Ergün, N., Göksu, İ., & Sakız, H. Effects of phubbing: Relationships with psychodemographic variables. Psychological Reports 2020, 123(5), 1578–1613. https://doi.org/10.1177/0033294119889581.
• 61. Şahan, H. The Role of Sports Activities in the Socialization Process of University Students, KMU Journal of FEAS 2008, 10(15). 248-266.