Araştırma Makalesi
BibTex RIS Kaynak Göster
Yıl 2019, , 295 - 299, 30.09.2019
https://doi.org/10.16899/jcm.607311

Öz

Kaynakça

  • Baio J. Prevalence of autism spectrum disorder among children aged 8 years-autism and developmental disabilities monitoring network, 11 sites, United States, 2010. 2014.
  • Baio J, Wiggins L, Christensen DL, Maenner MJ, Daniels J, Warren Z, et al. Prevalence of autism spectrum disorder among children aged 8 years—autism and developmental disabilities monitoring network, 11 sites, United States, 2014. MMWR Surveillance Summaries. 2018;67(6):1.
  • Haverkate M, D'Ancona F, Giambi C, Johansen K, Lopalco PL, Cozza V, et al. Mandatory and recommended vaccination in the EU, Iceland and Norway: results of the VENICE 2010 survey on the ways of implementing national vaccination programmes. 2012.
  • Wakefield AJ, Murch SH, Anthony A, Linnell J, Casson DM, Malik M, et al. RETRACTED: Ileal-lymphoid-nodular hyperplasia, non-specific colitis, and pervasive developmental disorder in children. Elsevier; 1998.
  • Murch SH, Anthony A, Casson DH, Malik M, Berelowitz M, Dhillon AP, et al. Retraction of an interpretation. The Lancet. 2004;363(9411):750.
  • Stern AM, Markel H. The history of vaccines and immunization: familiar patterns, new challenges. Health Aff (Millwood). 2005;24(3):611-21.
  • André FE. Vaccinology: past achievements, present roadblocks and future promises. Vaccine. 2003;21(7-8):593-5.
  • Bonanni P. Demographic impact of vaccination: a review. Vaccine. 1999;17:S120-S5.
  • Fox S, Duggan M. Health online 2013. Health (N Y). 2013;2013:1-55.
  • García-Basteiro AL, Álvarez-Pasquín M-J, Mena G, Llupià A, Aldea M, Sequera V-G, et al. A public-professional web-bridge for vaccines and vaccination: User concerns about vaccine safety. Vaccine. 2012;30(25):3798-805.
  • Betsch C, Brewer NT, Brocard P, Davies P, Gaissmaier W, Haase N, et al. Opportunities and challenges of Web 2.0 for vaccination decisions. Vaccine. 2012;30(25):3727-33.
  • Jang SM, Mckeever BW, Mckeever R, Kim JK. From social media to mainstream news: The information flow of the vaccine-autism controversy in the US, Canada, and the UK. Health communication. 2019;34(1):110-7.
  • Arif N, Al-Jefri M, Bizzi IH, Perano GB, Goldman M, Haq I, et al. Fake news or weak science? Visibility and characterization of anti-vaccine webpages returned by Google in different languages and countries. Front Immunol. 2018;9:1215.
  • Ruiz JB, Bell RA. Understanding vaccination resistance: vaccine search term selection bias and the valence of retrieved information. Vaccine. 2014;32(44):5776-80.
  • Venkatraman A, Garg N, Kumar N. Greater freedom of speech on Web 2.0 correlates with dominance of views linking vaccines to autism. Vaccine. 2015;33(12):1422-5.
  • Kollia B, Kamowski-Shakibai MT, Basch CH, Clark A. Sources and content of popular online videos about autism spectrum disorders. Health promotion perspectives. 2017;7(4):238.

Autism and Vaccinations: Does Google side with Science?

Yıl 2019, , 295 - 299, 30.09.2019
https://doi.org/10.16899/jcm.607311

Öz

Abstract

Background/Aims: Genetic and environmental factors are thought to
play a role in the etiology of autism spectrum disorder. Studies on vaccination
from environmental factors strongly suggest that there is no relationship
between vaccine and autism development. However, a part of society still
believes that vaccines lead to autism. In this study, it is aimed to
investigate the distribution and reliability of the articles on the internet
which is the first place that families apply to be informed about this subject.
In this study, we searched "autism vaccine" phrase in Google’s
version for Turkey.

Methods: In this study, we searched "autism
vaccine" phrase in Google’s version for Turkey. The information on each
web site was grouped as true, false and contradictory. We used the JAMA score,
a standard indicator of health information quality, to assess the basic
reliability index of the article. The JAMA score takes into account whether a
website declares an author, the date of writing, financial ownership and
whether the information is supported by references.

Results: A total of 124 websites were listed as a result
of this search. When irrelevant and inaccessible sites were removed, 102 web
pages were evaluated. 76 (74.5%) of the results were correct, 20 (19.6%) were
wrong and 6 (5.9%) were contradictory. No significant difference was found
between the total JAMA scores of the websites with true-false information.
However, the JAMA score of the correct information was higher. No significant
relationship was found between the accuracy of the information and the ranking
of the sites. However, six of the top ten results were true, three were false,
and one contained contradictory information.

Conclusions: These results show that the correct information
is not listed primarily in the top positions and the information about autism
and vaccination is in a similar distribution. It is important that the internet
environment is closely monitored by scientists because of the information
affecting the vaccination.




Kaynakça

  • Baio J. Prevalence of autism spectrum disorder among children aged 8 years-autism and developmental disabilities monitoring network, 11 sites, United States, 2010. 2014.
  • Baio J, Wiggins L, Christensen DL, Maenner MJ, Daniels J, Warren Z, et al. Prevalence of autism spectrum disorder among children aged 8 years—autism and developmental disabilities monitoring network, 11 sites, United States, 2014. MMWR Surveillance Summaries. 2018;67(6):1.
  • Haverkate M, D'Ancona F, Giambi C, Johansen K, Lopalco PL, Cozza V, et al. Mandatory and recommended vaccination in the EU, Iceland and Norway: results of the VENICE 2010 survey on the ways of implementing national vaccination programmes. 2012.
  • Wakefield AJ, Murch SH, Anthony A, Linnell J, Casson DM, Malik M, et al. RETRACTED: Ileal-lymphoid-nodular hyperplasia, non-specific colitis, and pervasive developmental disorder in children. Elsevier; 1998.
  • Murch SH, Anthony A, Casson DH, Malik M, Berelowitz M, Dhillon AP, et al. Retraction of an interpretation. The Lancet. 2004;363(9411):750.
  • Stern AM, Markel H. The history of vaccines and immunization: familiar patterns, new challenges. Health Aff (Millwood). 2005;24(3):611-21.
  • André FE. Vaccinology: past achievements, present roadblocks and future promises. Vaccine. 2003;21(7-8):593-5.
  • Bonanni P. Demographic impact of vaccination: a review. Vaccine. 1999;17:S120-S5.
  • Fox S, Duggan M. Health online 2013. Health (N Y). 2013;2013:1-55.
  • García-Basteiro AL, Álvarez-Pasquín M-J, Mena G, Llupià A, Aldea M, Sequera V-G, et al. A public-professional web-bridge for vaccines and vaccination: User concerns about vaccine safety. Vaccine. 2012;30(25):3798-805.
  • Betsch C, Brewer NT, Brocard P, Davies P, Gaissmaier W, Haase N, et al. Opportunities and challenges of Web 2.0 for vaccination decisions. Vaccine. 2012;30(25):3727-33.
  • Jang SM, Mckeever BW, Mckeever R, Kim JK. From social media to mainstream news: The information flow of the vaccine-autism controversy in the US, Canada, and the UK. Health communication. 2019;34(1):110-7.
  • Arif N, Al-Jefri M, Bizzi IH, Perano GB, Goldman M, Haq I, et al. Fake news or weak science? Visibility and characterization of anti-vaccine webpages returned by Google in different languages and countries. Front Immunol. 2018;9:1215.
  • Ruiz JB, Bell RA. Understanding vaccination resistance: vaccine search term selection bias and the valence of retrieved information. Vaccine. 2014;32(44):5776-80.
  • Venkatraman A, Garg N, Kumar N. Greater freedom of speech on Web 2.0 correlates with dominance of views linking vaccines to autism. Vaccine. 2015;33(12):1422-5.
  • Kollia B, Kamowski-Shakibai MT, Basch CH, Clark A. Sources and content of popular online videos about autism spectrum disorders. Health promotion perspectives. 2017;7(4):238.
Toplam 16 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Sağlık Kurumları Yönetimi
Bölüm Orjinal Araştırma
Yazarlar

Semih Erden 0000-0002-7723-9584

Kevser Nalbant 0000-0003-4261-1013

Hurşit Ferahkaya 0000-0002-8472-6743

Yayımlanma Tarihi 30 Eylül 2019
Kabul Tarihi 17 Eylül 2019
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2019

Kaynak Göster

AMA Erden S, Nalbant K, Ferahkaya H. Autism and Vaccinations: Does Google side with Science?. J Contemp Med. Eylül 2019;9(3):295-299. doi:10.16899/jcm.607311