Oxidative stress, DNA damage and apoptosis levels in those who use borderline high level fluoride content drinking water

Öz

Aim: Fluoride is necessary for tooth and bone development, but when exposed to excessive levels can cause oxidative stress, DNA damage, apoptosis, fluorosis and cancer. The aim of this study is to reveal the underlying mechanism of fluoride toxicity and to clarify, in part, the uncertainty of the fluoride level in the reference value ranges of drinking water. Material and Methods: Two groups were included in the study as exposure and control groups. Serum Total Oxidant Status and Total Antioxidant Status were measured with colorimetric; Urine 8-OHdG (8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine) (CUSABIO) levels as DNA damage biomarkers and serum M30 and M65 levels (PEVIVA) as apoptosis biomarkers were studied by ELISA method. In addition, all participants underwent a dental examination by the dentist. Results: Serum total antioxidant status (TAS) were lower in the exposure group compared to the control group (p <0.001); serum total oxidant status (TOS) (p <0.001), OSI (p <0.001), M30 (p <0.001) and M65 (p <0.001) levels and urine 8-OHdG (p = 0.011) levels were high. However, the M30 / M60 ratio was not statistically different between the two groups (p = 0.371). Dental fluorosis was detected in all participants in the exposure group. Conclusion: This study showed increased levels of oxidative stress, DNA damage and apoptosis biomarkers in drinking water users with borderline high level fluoride. Therefore, instead of the World Health Organization's reference value range (0.5-1.5 mg/L) for fluoride levels in drinking water, the US Public Health Service’s (0.7 mg/L) reference value range seems to be more appropriate to the precaution.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Fluoride,Oxidative stress,DNA damage,8-OHdG,Apoptosis,M30,M65,Fluorosis

Sınırda Yüksek Düzeyde Florid İçeren İçme Suyu Kullananlarda Oksidatif Stres, DNA Hasarı ve Apoptoz Düzeyleri

Öz

Amaç: Florid, diş ve kemik gelişimi için gereklidir, ancak aşırı seviyelerde maruz kaldığında oksidatif stres, DNA hasarı, apoptoz, floroz ve kansere neden olabilmektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, florid toksisitesinin altta yatan mekanizmasını ortaya çıkarmak ve kısmen, içme suyu florid seviyesinin referans değer aralıkları arasındaki belirsizliğini açıklığa kavuşturmaktır. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Çalışmaya maruziyet ve control grupları olarak iki grup dahil edildi. Serum Toplam Oksidan Seviyesi ve Toplam Antioksidan Seviyeleri kolorimetrik; DNA hasarı biyobelirteci olarak idrar 8-OHdG (8-hidroksi-2-deoksiguanozin) (CUSABIO) seviyeleri ve apoptoz biyobelirteci olarak serum M30 ve M65 seviyeleri (PEVIVA) ELISA yöntemi ile çalışılmıştır. Ayrıca, tüm katılımcılara diş hekimi tarafından diş muayenesi yapıldı. Bulgular: Serum total antioksidan seviye (TAS) maruziyet grubunda kontrol grubuna kıyasla daha düşüktü (p <0.001); serum toplam oksidan seviye (TOS) (p <0.001), OSI (p <0.001), M30 (p <0.001) ve M65 (p <0.001) seviyeleri ve idrar 8-OHdG (p = 0.011) seviyeleri yüksekti. Ancak, M30 / M60 oranı iki grup arasında istatistiksel olarak farklı değildi (p = 0.371). Maruziyet grubundaki tüm katılımcılarda dental florozis saptandı. Sonuç: Bu çalışma, sınırda yüksek düzeyde florid içeren içme suyu kullananlarda oksidatif stres, DNA hasarı ve apoptoz biyobelirteçlerinin arttığını göstermiştir. Bu nedenle, Dünya Sağlık Örgütü'nün içme sularında florid seviyeleri için referans değer aralığı (0.5-1.5 mg/L) yerine ABD Halk Sağlığı Hizmetleri biriminin (0.7 mg/L) referans değer aralıkları ihtiyata daha uygun görünmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Florid,Oksidatif stres,DNA hasarı,8-OHdG,Apoptoz,M30,M65,Florozis

Kaynakça

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