Clinical manifestations of Type 1 allergic reactions

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 10 Sayı: 2, 290 - 294, 25.06.2020

Göknur Kalkan

https://doi.org/10.16899/jcm.578634

Öz

Abstract

Type
I allergic reactions, also called atopic or anaphylactic type are
IgE-mediated emergency hypersensitivity reactions. These are
reactions triggered by re-exposure to a specific antigen called an
allergen by ingestion, inhalation, injection or direct contact. IgE
antibodies bind to mast cells and basophils containing histamine
granules. Subsequent exposure to the same allergen leads to
degranulation of the bound IgE and secretion of mediators such as
histamine, leukotriene, prostaglandins. The reaction can be seen
locally or systemically. Clinical manifestations of type I
hypersensitivity reactions; urticaria, angioedema, anaphylaxis,
atopic eczema, anaphylaxis, food and drug allergy, allergic asthma,
allergic rhinitis and allergic conjunctivitis are grouped. The aim of
this review is to review the clinical manifestations of all type 1
allergic reactions that are common and rare in daily dermatology
practice, and to establish a connection between these mechanisms and
the clinics.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Type 1, allergic

Tip 1 allerjik reaksiyonların klinik görünümleri

Öz

Atopik
veya anafilaktik tip olarak da adlandırılan Tip I allerjik
reaksiyonları; Ig E aracılı acil hipersensitivite
reaksiyonlarıdır. Alerjen olarak adlandırılan belirli bir
antijene yutma, solunum, enjeksiyon veya doğrudan temas ile tekrar
maruz kalınmasıyla tetiklenen reaksiyonlardır. IgE antikorları,
histamin granülleri içeren mast hücrelerine ve bazofillere
bağlanır. Aynı alerjene daha sonra maruz kalmak, bağlı IgE'nin
degranülasyona yol açmasına ve histamin, lökotrien,
prostaglandinler gibi mediatörlerin salgılanmasına neden olur.
Reaksiyon lokal veya sistemik şekilde görülebilir. Tip I aşırı
duyarlılık reaksiyonları sonucu oluşan klinik tablolar; ürtiker,
anjiyoödem, anafilaksi,atopik egzema, anafilaksi, besin ve ilaç
allerjileri, allerjik astım, allerjik rinit ve allerjik konjonktivit
şeklinde gruplandırılır. Bu derlemenin amacı günlük
dermatoloji pratiğinde sık ve nadir karşılaşığımız tüm tip
1 allerjik reaksiyonların klinik görünümlerini gözden geçirmek
ve bu hastalıkların oluş mekanizmasıyla klinikleri arası
bağlantı kurmak hedeflenmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Tip 1, allerjik

Kaynakça

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