Sağlıklı Yetişkinlerde Abdominal Obezitenin Vücut Kompozisyonu ve Obezite Belirteçlerine Etkisi

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 13 Sayı: 6, 1122 - 1126, 30.11.2023

Esra Olgun , Birsen Aydın Kılıç , Meryem Çetin

Öz

Amaç: Abdominal obezitenin sağlıklı bireylerde vücut kompozisyonu ve obezite belirteçleri olan peptit hormonlar (adropin, ghrelin, obestatin) üzerindeki etkilerini değerlendirerek ileride oluşabilecek metabolik riskler hakkında bilgi sahibi olmaktır.
Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışma, Amasya Gümüşhacıköy Devlet Hastanesi’ne başvuran 25-52 yaş aralığındaki toplam 69 katılımcı ile yapılmıştır. Katılımcıların aynı merkezde antropometrik ölçümleri ve vücut kompozisyon analizi yapılmış; obezite belirteçleri Amasya Üniversitesi Fen Edebiyat Fakültesi laboratuvarında çalışılmıştır.
Bulgular: Abdominal obez grupta kontrol grubuna kıyasla vücut kitle endeksi (VKİ), bel çevresi, vücut yağ oranı, iç yağlanma, obezite derecesi daha yüksek görülürken; iskelet kas oranı, serum adropin ve ghrelin düzeylerinin daha düşük olduğu görülmüştür. VKİ ve vücut yağ oranı adropin, obestatin ve ghrelin düzeyleri ile negatif korelasyon gösterirken; bel çevresi ve iç yağlanma sadece ghrelin düzeyi ile negatif korelasyon göstermiştir.
Sonuç: İki çalışma grubu arasındaki verilerde anlamlı farklılıklar bulunmuş, antropometrik ölçüm ve vücut kompozisyonunun obezite belirteçlerinin bir veya birkaçıyla korelasyon gösterdiği saptanmıştır. Bu sonuçların gelecekte hormonların obezite ve metabolik risklerle olan ilişkisinin daha iyi anlaşılmasına katkı sağlayacağı düşünülmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

abdominal obezite, antropometrik ölçüm, vücut kompozisyonu, adropin, obestatin, ghrelin

EFFECT OF ABDOMINAL OBESITY ON BODY COMPOSITION AND OBESITY MARKERS IN HEALTHY ADULTS

Öz

Aim: To obtain information about future metabolic risks by evaluating the effects of abdominal obesity on body composition and peptide hormones (adropin, ghrelin, obestatin), which are obesity markers, in healthy individuals.
Material and Method: The study was conducted with a total of 69 participants aged 25-52 years who applied to Amasya Gumushacıkoy Public Hospital. Anthropometric measurements and body composition analysis were performed in the same center and obesity markers were studied in Amasya University Faculty of Science and Letters Laboratory.
Results: In the abdominal obese group, BMI, waist circumference, body fat ratio, visceral fat rating and obesity degree were higher, while skeletal muscle ratio, serum adropin and ghrelin levels were lower compared to the control group. Body Mass Index (BMI) and body fat ratio were negatively correlated with adropin, obestatin and ghrelin levels, while waist circumference and visceral fat rating were only negatively correlated with ghrelin levels.
Conclusion: Significant differences were found in the data between the two study groups, and anthropometric measurements and body composition were found to correlate with one or more of the obesity markers. It is thought that these results will contribute to a better understanding of the relationship between these hormones and obesity and metabolic risks in the future.

Anahtar Kelimeler

abdominal obesity, anthropometric measurement, body composition, adropin, obestatin, ghrelin

Kaynakça

• 1. Who.int [homepage on the Internet]. Obesity and Overweight. [updated 9 June 2021; cited 1 Nov 2023]. Available from: www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs311/en/
• 2. Wajchenberg BL. Subcutaneous and visceral adipose tissue: their relation to the metabolic syndrome. Endocr Rev 2000;21(6),697-738.
• 3. Goktas O, Ersoy C, Ercan I et al. General and abdominal obesity prevelances and their relations with metabolic syndrome components. Pak J Med Sci 2019;35(4),945.
• 4. Kalan I, Yeşil Y. Obezite ile ilişkili kronik hastalıklar. Diyabet ve Obezite 2010;78.
• 5. Hajian-Tilaki K, Heidari B. Is waist circumference a better predictor of diabetes than body mass index or waist-to-height ratio in Iranian adults? Int J Prev Med 2015;6:5.
• 6. Altay M, Aydoğdu A, Bayram F et al. Obezite Tanı ve Tedavi Kılavuzu. 8th ed. Miki Matbaacılık: Ankara; 2019.
• 7. Stubbs RJ, Hopkins M, Finlayson GS et al. Potential effects of fat mass and fat-free mass on energy intake in different states of energy balance. Eur J Clin Nutr 2018;72(5),698-709.
• 8. Kyle UG, Bosaeus I, De Lorenzo AD et al. Bioelectrical impedance analysis—part II: Utilization in clinical practice. Clin Nutr 2004;23(6),1430-1453.
• 9. Mushala BA, Scott I. Adropin: A hepatokine modulator of vascular function and cardiac fuel metabolism. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2021;320(1),H238-H244.
• 10. Kumar KG, Trevaskis JL, Lam DD et al. Identification of adropin as a secreted factor linking dietary macronutrient intake with energy homeostasis and lipid metabolism. Cell Metab 2008;8(6), 468-481.
• 11. Soltani S, Kolahdouz-Mohammadi R, Aydin S et al. (2022). Circulating levels of adropin and overweight/obesity: A systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies. Hormones 2022;21(1),15-22.
• 12. Jasaszwili M, Wojciechowicz T, Billert M et al. Effects of adropin on proliferation and differentiation of 3T3-L1 cells and rat primary preadipocytes. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2019;496, 110532.
• 13. Kojima M, Hosoda H, Nakazato M et al. Ghrelin is a growth-hormone-releasing acylated peptide from stomach. Nature 1999;402(6762),656-660.
• 14. Qi X, Reed JT, Wang G et al. Ghrelin secretion is not reduced by increased fat mass during diet-induced obesity. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2008;295(2),R429-R435
• 15. Davies JS, Kotokorpi P, Eccles SR et al. Ghrelin induces abdominal obesity via GHS-R-dependent lipid retention. Mol Endocrinol 2009;23(6),914-924.
• 16. Zhang JV, Ren PG, Avsian-Kretchmer O et al. Obestatin, a peptide encoded by the ghrelin gene, opposes ghrelin's effects on food ıntake. Science 2005;310(5750),996-999.
• 17. Nogueiras R, Pfluger P, Tovar S et al. Effects of obestatin on energy balance and growth hormone secretion in rodents. Endocrinology 2007;148(1),21-26.
• 18. Huda MSB, Durham BH, Wong SP et al. Plasma obestatin levels are lower in obese and post-gastrectomy subjects, but do not change in response to a meal. Int J Obes 2008;32(1), 129-135.
• 19. Després JP. Abdominal obesity: the most prevalent cause of the metabolic syndrome and related cardiometabolic risk. Eur Heart J Suppl 2006;8(suppl_B),B4-B12.
• 20. Ramírez-Vélez R, Garcia-Hermoso A, Prieto-Benavides DH et al. Muscle mass to visceral fat ratio is an important predictor of the metabolic syndrome in college students. Br J Nutr 2019;121(3),330-339.
• 21. Kim TN, Park MS, Kim YJ et al. Association of low muscle mass and combined low muscle mass and visceral obesity with low cardiorespiratory fitness. PloS one 2014;9(6),e100118.
• 22. Fujie S, Hasegawa N, Kurihara T et al. Association between aerobic exercise training effects of serum adropin level, arterial stiffness, and adiposity in obese elderly adults. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 2017;42(1),8-14.
• 23. Zaki M, Tawfeek HM, Youssef Morsy SM et al. Serum adropin levels, visceral adiposity index and DNA damage as risk factors associated with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in obese women. NZ Journal of MLS 2022;76(3),140-143.
• 24. Guo ZF, Zheng X, Qin YW et al. Circulating preprandial ghrelin to obestatin ratio is increased in human obesity. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2007;92(5),1875-1880.