COVID-19 Pandemi Sürecinde Hemşirelerde Tükenmişlik, İşe Bağlılık ve İşten Ayrılma Niyeti: Türkiye'de Pandeminin İkinci Yılında Kesitsel Bir Çalışma

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 4 Sayı: 3, 87 - 99, 30.12.2024

Şefika Dilek Sarıkaya

Öz

Amaç: Araştırmanın amacı, COVID-19 pandemisinin ikinci yılı sonunda hemşirelerde tükenmişlik, mesleğe bağlılık ve işten ayrılma niyeti düzeyleri ile tükenmişlik, mesleğe bağlılık ve işten ayrılma niyeti arasındaki ilişkinin belirlenmesidir.
Yöntem: Araştırma tanımlayıcı ve ilişki arayıcı tiptedir. Araştırma Nisan-Mayıs 2022 tarihleri arasında bir pandemi hastanesinde yapılmıştır. Örneklemi 241 hemşire oluşturmuştur. Veriler Anket Formu, Maslach Tükenmişlik Ölçeği (MTÖ), Hemşirelikte Mesleğe Bağlılık Ölçeği (HMBÖ) ve İşten Ayrılma Niyeti Ölçeği (İANÖ) ile toplanmıştır. Hemşirelerin tanıtıcı özelliklerinin ve ölçeklerden elde edilen puanların analizinde tanımlayıcı istatistikler kullanılmıştır. MTÖ, HMBÖ ve İANÖ arasındaki ilişki spearman korelasyon testi ile, anlamlılık p<0,05 düzeyinde değerlendirilmiştir.
Bulgular: HMBÖ toplam puanı ile İANÖ toplam puanı arasında negatif yönlü çok zayıf düzeyde istatistiksel olarak anlamlı MTÖ ile HMBÖ toplam puanı arasında negatif yönlü zayıf düzeyde istatistiksel olarak anlamlı olmayan, MTÖ ile İANÖ toplam puanı arasında pozitif yönlü çok zayıf düzeyde istatistiksel olarak anlamlı olmayan bir ilişki belirlenmiştir.
Sonuç: Araştırmada işe bağlılık artıkça işten ayrılma niyetinin azaldığı, tükenmişlik azaldıkça işe bağlılığın arttığı, tükenmişlik azaldıkça işten ayrılma niyetinin azaldığı sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. COVID-19 pandemisinde ön saflarda yer alan hemşireler üzerinde halen devam eden tükenmişlik ile işten ayrılma niyetlerine neden olan risk faktörlerinin ve mesleğe bağlılığı etkileyen faktörlerin belirlenip bu faktörlerin kötü etkilerini azaltmak için hemşirelik hizmetleri yönetimlerinin uygulanabilir çözümler geliştirmeleri önerilebilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

COVID-19, hemşire, tükenmişlik, mesleğe bağlılık, işten ayrılma niyeti

Etik Beyan

Araştırmaya Nevşehir Hacı Bektaş Veli Üniversitesi Girişimsel Olmayan Etik Kurulu Başkanlığından 2022.03.13 karar numaralı etik kurul onayı alındıktan sonra başlanmıştır.

Destekleyen Kurum

YOK

Teşekkür

Yazar araştırmaya katılan tüm hemşirelere araştırmaya katılımlarından dolayı teşekkür eder.

Burnout, Professional Commitment And Turnover Intention Among Nurses During COVID-19 Pandemic: A Cross-Sectional Study In The Second Year Of The Pandemic In Turkey

Öz

Aim: The aim of the research is to determine the relationship between burnout, commitment to the profession, and intention to leave work among nurses at the end of the second year of the COVID-19 pandemic.
Method: This research employed a descriptive and correlational design. It was conducted in a pandemic hospital between April and May 2022 with a sample of 241 nurses. Data were collected using a Questionnaire Form, the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI), the Nursing Professional Commitment Scale (NPCS), and the Turnover Intention Scale (TIS). Descriptive statistics were used to analyze the nurses' demographic characteristics and their scores on the scales. Relationships between the MBI, the Nursing Professional Commitment Scale, and the Turnover Intention Scale were examined using Spearman’s correlation test, with statistical significance set at p < 0.05.
Results: A very weak negative and statistically significant correlation was found between the total scores of the NPCS and the TIS. There was a weak negative and statistically insignificant correlation between the total scores of the MBI and the NPCS. Additionally, a very weak positive and statistically insignificant correlation was found between the total scores of the MBI and the TIS.
Conclusion: It was concluded that as professional commitment increases, turnover intention decreases, and as burnout decreases, professional commitment increases and turnover intention decreases. It is recommended that nursing management develop practical solutions to identify and mitigate the risk factors negatively affecting burnout, turnover intention, and professional commitment in nurses, especially those on the front lines of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Anahtar Kelimeler

profession commitment, turnover intention, COVID-19, nurse, burnout

Kaynakça

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