Irak ve Türkiye'de yaşlılarda yaşam kalitesini etkileyen faktörler ve iki kültür arasındaki farklılıklar

Öz

Bu çalışmanın amacı Irak ve Türkiye’de yaşayan yaşlıların yaşam kalitelerini, yaşam kaliteleri üzerinde etkili olan sosyo-demografik, sağlık, ekonomik, yaşam tarzı ve dini faktörleri ve kültürler arası farklılıkları belirlemektir. Çalışma Irak ve Türkiye'de 65 yaş ve üzeri toplam 200 katılımcı ile yüz yüze görüşülerek gerçekleştirildi. WHOQOL-OLD ölçeği kullanıldı. Toplam ölçek puanlarının analizi için tek değişkenli grup sıralama değerleri karşılaştırma testleri kullanıldı. Ortalama yaşam kalitesi toplam skoru Türkiye'de 77.70 ± 11.40, Irak'ta 65.47 ± 7.20 idi. Irak'ta düşük yaşam kalitesini etkileyen faktörler 85 yaş ve üstü olmak, kadın cinsiyet, bekar olma, düşük eğitim seviyesi, düzenli maaşı bulunmama, yetersiz gelir, kronik hastalık, ilaç kullanımı ve engellilikti. Yüksek yaşam kalitesi üzerinde etkili olan faktörler Irak'ta sağlıklı beslenmek, düzenli yürümek veya egzersiz yapmak, günde beş kez namaz kılmak ve Kuran okumaktı. Türkiye'de yüksek yaşam kalitesini etkileyen faktörler; maaş dışında başka geliri bulunmak, kronik hastalığı bulunmamak, sağlıklı beslenmek, yürümek veya egzersiz yapmak ve Allah'a şükretmekti. QOL, Türkiye'deki yaşlı katılımcılarda Irak'takilere göre daha yüksekti.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• yaşlı
• yaşam kalitesi
• kültürler arası karşılaştırma

Factors Affecting the Quality of Life of the Elderly in Iraq and Turkiye and Differences Between the Two Cultures

Öz

The aim of this study was to determine the quality of life (QOL) of the elderly living in Iraq and Turkiye and the effect of sociodemographic, health, economic, lifestyle and spiritual factors on the QOL in the elderly cross-culturally. The study was conducted with a total of 200 participants aged ≥65 years in Iraq and Turkiye with face-to-face interviews. The WHOQOL-OLD scale was used. Comparison tests for univariate group rank values were used to compare total scale scores. The mean total score for QOL was 77.70 ± 11.40 in Turkiye, and 65.47 ± 7.20 in Iraq. In Iraq, factors affecting low QOL were age 85 years and older, female gender, being single, low educational level, not having a regular salary, insufficient income, chronic disease, drug use and disability. Factors effective on high QOL were eating healthily, walking or exercising regularly, praying five times a day, and reading the Qur'an in Iraq. Factors affecting high QOL in Turkiye were having another income outside of a salary, not having chronic diseases, having a healthy diet, walking or exercising and thanking God. QOL was higher in older participants in Turkiye than those in Iraq.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Aged
• quality of life
• cross-cultural comparison

Kaynakça

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