Impact of Cultural Change on Entrepreneurial Activities of Countries

Yıl 2019, Cilt: 8 Sayı: 1, 73 - 93, 01.06.2019

Sema Yiğit Murat Gök

Öz

Purpose: The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between the change in cultural dimensions and entrepreneurial activities which are seen as a key concept for the development of national economies. Methodology: With a macro perspective, to determine the change in cultural dimensions the results of the World Values Survey were used and to determine entrepreneurial activities of countries Global Entrepreneurship Index were utilized. The research was conducted for 10 countries which are common in the relevant period. Data were analyzed by unbalanced panel data analysis for the period of 1999-2014. Findings: As a result of the panel, a significant relationship was found between cultural change and entrepreneurial activities in those countries. In addition, in the analysis conducted for the seven dimensions of culture, there is a significant relationship between five dimensions and entrepreneurship. Practical Implications: While the dimensions of trust, ethics, and competition affinity affect the entrepreneurship tendency positively, it was concluded that saving and obedience diminishes the entrepreneurial activities. Originality: The study is an original study that tries to reveal the relationship between cultural change and entrepreneurial activities by taking into account the dynamic aspect of the concept of culture.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Cultural Change, Entrepreneurship, Panel Data

Kültürel Değişimin Ülkelerin Girişimcilik Faaliyetleri Üzerindeki Etkisi

Öz

Amaç: Çalışmanın amacı kültür boyutlarındaki değişim ile ülke ekonomilerinin gelişimi için anahtar bir kavram olarak görülen girişimcilik faaliyetleri arasındaki ilişkiyi araştırmaktır. Yöntem: Makro bir bakış açısıyla kültür boyutlarındaki değişim için Dünya Değerler Araştırması sonuçlarından; girişimcilik faaliyetleri için ise Küresel Girişimcilik Endeksinden yararlanılmıştır. İlgili dönemde ortak olan 10 ülke için veri seti hazırlanarak araştırma yürütülmüştür. Veriler 1999-2014 dönemi için dengesiz panel veri analizi ile çözümlenmiştir. Bulgular: Panel sonucunda, ele alınan ülkeler için kültürel değişim ile girişimcilik faaliyeti arasında anlamlı bir ilişki tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca, kültürün yedi boyutu için gerçekleştirilen analizde de, beş boyut ile girişimcilik faaliyeti arasında anlamlı bir ilişkinin söz konusu olduğu görülmüştür. Sonuç: Güven, etik ve rekabet boyutları girişimcilik faaliyetlerini pozitif yönde etkiler iken; tasarruf ve itaat boyutlarının girişimcilik faaliyetlerini azalttığı sonucuna varılmıştır. Özgün Değer: Çalışma kültür kavramının dinamik yönünü de hesaba katarak kültürel değişimle girişimcilik faaliyetleri ilişkisini ortaya koymaya çalışan özgün bir çalışmadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Kültürel Değişim, Girişimcilik, Panel Veri

Kaynakça

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