Bolivian Innovation Policies: Building an Inclusive Innovation System

Yıl 2015, Cilt: 4 Sayı: 1, 63 - 82, 01.06.2015

Carlos Gonzalo Acevedo Peña Walter Mauricio Hernán Céspedes Quiroga José Eduardo Zambrana Montán

Öz

This study explores the policy paths the Bolivian government has followed in the last three decades to organize science, technology, and innovation. We present strategies proposed by the government to make its National Innovation System more dynamic and socially inclusive. We analyse the process and strategies followed under the light of the Triple Helix government-industry-university model of innovation.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Innovation system, Triple Helix, inclusive innovation, developing countries, Bolivia.

Bolivian Innovation Policies: Building an Inclusive Innovation System

Öz

Kaynakça

• Alcorta, L., & Peres, W. (1998). Innovation systems and technological specialization in Latin America and the Caribbean. Research Policy, 26 (7–8), 857– 881.
• Arocena, R., & Sutz, J. (2000). Looking at National Systems of Innovation from the South. Industry and Innovation, 7(1), 55–75.
• Arriarán, S. (2007). La derrota del neoliberalismo en Bolivia. Editorial Torres Asociados.
• Benavente, J. M. (2005). Innovación tecnológica en Chile: Dónde estamos y qué se puede hacer. Economía Chilena, 8(1), 53–77.
• INE, (2014). Bolivia: Global Index of Economic Activity. (2014). http://www.ine. gob.bo/indice/general.aspx?codigo=40221 , (Access: 02.025.2015).
• Carvajal, R., & Albarracín, M. (2007). Sistema Boliviano de Innovación. ViceMinistry of Science and Technology. La Paz, Bolivia.
• Central Bank of Bolivia. (2013). Memoria 2013. https://www.bcb.gob.bo/?q=pub_ memorias-institucionales , (Access: 09.03.2014).
• Cozzens, S. E., & Kaplinsky, R. (2009). Innovation, poverty and inequality: cause, coincidence, or co-evolution? Handbook of Innovation Systems and Developing Countries, 57–82. Edward Elgar.
• De Mello, J. M. C., & Etzkowitz, H. (2008). New directions in Latin American university-industry-government interactions. International Journal of Technology Management & Sustainable Development, 7(3), 193–204.
• Edquist, C., & Hommen, L. (1999). Systems of innovation: theory and policy for the demand side. Technology in Society, 21(1), 63–79.
• Etzkowitz, H. (2008). The Triple Helix: University–Industry–Government Innovation in Action. Engineering. Routledge.
• Etzkowitz, H., & De Mello, J. M. C. (2003). The rise of a triple helix culture. International Journal of Technology Management & Sustainable Development, 2(3), 159–171.
• Etzkowitz, H., & Leydesdorff, L. (2000). The dynamics of innovation: from National Systems and “Mode 2” to a Triple Helix of university–industry–government relations. Research Policy, 29(2), 109–123.
• García, A. (2008). El Nuevo Modelo Económico Nacional Productivo. Revista de Análisis: Reflexiones sobre la coyuntura, 2, 18. La Paz, Bolivia.
• Grugel, J., & Riggirozzi, P. (2012). Post-Neoliberalism in Latin America: Rebuilding and Reclaiming the State after Crisis. Development and Change, 43(1), 1–21.
• Hartwich, F., & Jansen, H.-G. (2007). The role of government in agricultural innovation: Lessons from Bolivia. International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI). Research Brief, 8.
• Katz, J. (2001). Structural reforms and technological behaviour: The sources and nature of technological change in Latin America in the 1990s. Research Policy, 30(1), 1–19.
• Kayal, A. a. (2008). National innovation systems a proposed framework for developing countries. International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Innovation Management, 8(1), 74.
• Lundvall, B.-Å., Vang, J., Joseph, K. J., & Chaminade, C. (2009). Innovation system research and developing countries. Handbook of Innovation Systems and Developing Countries. Building Domestic Capabilities in a Global Setting, 1–30. Edward Elgar.
• Panizza, F. (2009). Contemporary Latin America: development and democracy beyond the Washington consensus. London-New York: Zed Books Scerri, M., Soares Couto, M., Maharajh, R. (2013). The Co-evolution of Innovation and Inequality. Inequality and Development Challenges, 1–18. Routledge.
• Velho, L. (2004). Science and Technology in Latin America and the Carribbean: An Overview, INTECH Discussion Paper Series, Maastricht: United Nations University.
• VCyT, (2013). Plan Nacional de Ciencia, Technología e Innovación. La Paz, Bolivia.
• VCyT, (2011). Potencial Científico y Tecnológico Boliviano 2011 (2da Edición). La Paz, Bolivia.
• World Bank, (2015). World Development Indicators, Bolivia. http://data. worldbank.org/country/bolivia , (Access: 25.03.2015).
• Yoguel, G., Lugones, M., & Sztulwark, S. (2007). La política científica y tecnológica argentina en las últimas décadas: algunas consideraciones desde la perspectiva del desarrollo de procesos de aprendizaje. CEPAL, manual de Políticas Públicas Ciencia y Tecnología para el Desarrollo, 43. http://www.cepal.org/iyd/noticias/paginas/5/31425/ yoguellugonesysztulwark.pdf , (Access: 10.10.2014).