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Beyond the Obvious: Horner Syndrome Revealing a Spinal Cavernous Hemangioma in the Emergency Department

Yıl 2026, Cilt: 17 Sayı: 1 , 1 - 3 , 31.03.2026
https://doi.org/10.33706/jemcr.1778275
https://izlik.org/JA59PS95DA

Öz

Introduction
Horner syndrome (HS) in the emergency department (ED) is never a trivial finding. While it often signals catastrophic vascular or neoplastic disease such as carotid dissection or apical lung cancer, spinal cavernous hemangioma (SCH) is an extraordinarily rare etiology. Its recognition is critical, as missing this subtle sign may delay lifesaving intervention.
Case Presentation
We describe a 21-year-old previously healthy male who presented with acute neck pain, progressive right upper limb weakness, and contralateral lower limb paresthesia. Careful examination revealed right-sided ptosis and miosis, unveiling HS. Urgent cervical MRI demonstrated a 47 × 11 mm intradural lesion at C6–C7, consistent with a cavernous hemangioma. The patient underwent emergent microsurgical resection, resulting in rapid neurological recovery. By two months, all deficits—including HS—had completely resolved.
Conclusion
This case underscores that even the most subtle ocular sign can unmask life-threatening spinal pathology in the ED. HS should be approached as a clinical alarm bell, mandating immediate imaging and multidisciplinary coordination. Recognizing SCH as a potential—though rare—culprit expands the emergency physician’s diagnostic horizon and illustrates how prompt diagnosis and timely surgery can transform an impending catastrophe into full recovery.

References
1. Chen J, Lee H, Park H, et al. Horner syndrome as a presenting sign of carotid artery dissection: diagnostic challenges in the ED. Emerg Med J. 2021;38(5):372-5.
2. Kline LB, Bajandas FJ. Neuro-ophthalmology review manual. 8th ed. Thorofare (NJ): Slack Inc; 2020.
3. Nielsen JK, Olsen LH, Schroeder TV. Acute Horner syndrome in emergency settings: importance of rapid differential diagnosis. Eur J Emerg Med. 2022;29(1):8-13.
4. Chen L, Li Y, Liu J, et al. Emergency presentations of Horner syndrome: a multicenter analysis. Am J Emerg Med. 2021;44:118-24.
5. Song J, Park JH, Lee HS. Clinical spectrum of Horner syndrome in acute care: diagnostic pitfalls. Front Neurol. 2020;11:611.
6. Gross BA, Du R. Spinal cavernous malformations: clinical features and surgical management. Neurosurg Focus. 2021;50(6):E15.
7. Li D, Hao SY, Wu Z, et al. Clinical features and surgical outcomes of intramedullary cavernous malformations. Neurosurgery. 2020;87(2):314-23.
8. Rajasekaran S, Soundararajan DCR, Kabir SM, et al. Spinal cavernous hemangiomas with atypical findings: case series. Spinal Cord Ser Cases. 2019;5:101.
9. Matsumoto K, Takahashi T, Saito T, et al. Rare presentation of spinal cavernous hemangioma with Horner syndrome. World Neurosurg. 2020;137:287-90.
10. Lee SH, Park KS, Choi JH. Emergency imaging of Horner syndrome: when to suspect spinal pathology. Clin Neurol Neurosurg. 2021;207:106768.
11. Kim HJ, Cho Y, Koo HW. Multidisciplinary approach in rare causes of Horner syndrome: lessons from case reviews. Hong Kong J Emerg Med. 2022;29(6):345-52.
12. Zhang Y, Wu L, Zhou Y, et al. Rapid recognition and treatment outcomes of spinal cavernous malformations: a 10-year single-center experience. Spine J. 2021;21(11):1784-92.

Kaynakça

  • Chen J, Lee H, Park H, et al. Horner syndrome as a presenting sign of carotid artery dissection: diagnostic challenges in the ED. Emerg Med J. 2021;38(5):372-5.
  • Kline LB, Bajandas FJ. Neuro-ophthalmology review manual. 8th ed. Thorofare (NJ): Slack Inc; 2020.
  • Nielsen JK, Olsen LH, Schroeder TV. Acute Horner syndrome in emergency settings: importance of rapid differential diagnosis. Eur J Emerg Med. 2022;29(1):8-13.
  • Chen L, Li Y, Liu J, et al. Emergency presentations of Horner syndrome: a multicenter analysis. Am J Emerg Med. 2021;44:118-24.
  • Song J, Park JH, Lee HS. Clinical spectrum of Horner syndrome in acute care: diagnostic pitfalls. Front Neurol. 2020;11:611.
  • Gross BA, Du R. Spinal cavernous malformations: clinical features and surgical management. Neurosurg Focus. 2021;50(6):E15.
  • Li D, Hao SY, Wu Z, et al. Clinical features and surgical outcomes of intramedullary cavernous malformations. Neurosurgery. 2020;87(2):314-23.
  • Rajasekaran S, Soundararajan DCR, Kabir SM, et al. Spinal cavernous hemangiomas with atypical findings: case series. Spinal Cord Ser Cases. 2019;5:101.
  • Matsumoto K, Takahashi T, Saito T, et al. Rare presentation of spinal cavernous hemangioma with Horner syndrome. World Neurosurg. 2020;137:287-90.
  • Lee SH, Park KS, Choi JH. Emergency imaging of Horner syndrome: when to suspect spinal pathology. Clin Neurol Neurosurg. 2021;207:106768.
  • Kim HJ, Cho Y, Koo HW. Multidisciplinary approach in rare causes of Horner syndrome: lessons from case reviews. Hong Kong J Emerg Med. 2022;29(6):345-52.
  • Zhang Y, Wu L, Zhou Y, et al. Rapid recognition and treatment outcomes of spinal cavernous malformations: a 10-year single center experience. Spine J. 2021;21(11):1784-92

Bariz Olanın Ötesinde: Acil Serviste Omurga Kavernöz Hemanjiyomunu Ortaya Çıkaran Horner Sendromu

Yıl 2026, Cilt: 17 Sayı: 1 , 1 - 3 , 31.03.2026
https://doi.org/10.33706/jemcr.1778275
https://izlik.org/JA59PS95DA

Öz

Giriş
Acil serviste (AS) görülen Horner sendromu (HS) asla önemsiz bir bulgu değildir. Genellikle karotis diseksiyonu veya apikal akciğer kanseri gibi ciddi vasküler veya neoplastik hastalıkların belirtisi olsa da, spinal kavernöz hemanjiyom (SKH) son derece nadir bir etiyolojidir. Bu dikkatten kaçabilecek küçük belirtinin gözden kaçması hayat kurtaran müdahaleleri geciktirebileceğinden, tanısı çok önemlidir.
Vaka
Daha önce sağlıklı olan 21 yaşındaki bir erkek hastayı, akut boyun ağrısı, ilerleyen sağ üst ekstremite güçsüzlüğü ve sol alt ekstremite parestezisi ile başvurdu. Dikkatli muayene sonucunda sağ tarafta pitozis ve miyozis saptandı ve HS tanısı konuldu. Acil servikal MRG'de C6-C7'de 47 × 11 mm'lik intradural lezyon saptandı ve bu lezyon kavernöz hemanjiyom ile uyumluydu. Hasta acil mikrocerrahi rezeksiyon geçirdi ve hızlı bir nörolojik iyileşme gösterdi. İki ay sonra hastada tam iyileşme sağlandı.
Sonuç
Bu vaka, acil serviste en ufak bir göz belirtisinin bile hayatı tehdit eden spinal patolojiyi ortaya çıkarabileceğini vurgulamaktadır. HS, acil görüntüleme ve multidisipliner koordinasyon gerektiren bir klinik alarm zili olarak değerlendirilmelidir. SKH'yi nadir de olsa potansiyel bir neden olarak tanımak, acil tıp hekiminin tanı ufkunu genişletir ve hızlı tanı ve zamanında yapılan cerrahinin yaklaşan bir felaketi tam iyileşmeye nasıl dönüştürebileceğini gösterir.
Referanslar
1. Chen J, Lee H, Park H, et al. Karotis arter diseksiyonunun bir belirtisi olarak Horner sendromu: Acil serviste tanı zorlukları. Emerg Med J. 2021;38(5):372-5.
2. Kline LB, Bajandas FJ. Nöro-oftalmoloji inceleme kılavuzu. 8. baskı. Thorofare (NJ): Slack Inc; 2020.
3. Nielsen JK, Olsen LH, Schroeder TV. Acil durumlarda akut Horner sendromu: Hızlı ayırıcı tanının önemi. Eur J Emerg Med. 2022;29(1):8-13.
4. Chen L, Li Y, Liu J, et al. Horner sendromunun acil durumlarda görülmesi: Çok merkezli bir analiz. Am J Emerg Med. 2021;44:118-24.
5. Song J, Park JH, Lee HS. Akut bakımda Horner sendromunun klinik spektrumu: Tanıda dikkat edilmesi gereken noktalar. Front Neurol. 2020;11:611.
6. Gross BA, Du R. Spinal kavernöz malformasyonlar: Klinik özellikler ve cerrahi tedavi. Neurosurg Focus. 2021;50(6):E15.
7. Li D, Hao SY, Wu Z, et al. İntramedüller kavernöz malformasyonların klinik özellikleri ve cerrahi sonuçları. Nöroşirürji. 2020;87(2):314-23.
8. Rajasekaran S, Soundararajan DCR, Kabir SM, et al. Atipik bulguları olan spinal kavernöz hemanjiyomlar: Vaka serisi. Omurilik Serisi Vakaları. 2019;5:101.
9. Matsumoto K, Takahashi T, Saito T, et al. Horner sendromu ile birlikte görülen nadir bir spinal kavernöz hemanjiyom vakası. World Neurosurg. 2020;137:287-90.
10. Lee SH, Park KS, Choi JH. Horner sendromunun acil görüntüleme: Omurilik patolojisinden ne zaman şüphelenilmeli. Clin Neurol Neurosurg. 2021;207:106768.
11. Kim HJ, Cho Y, Koo HW. Horner sendromunun nadir nedenlerinde multidisipliner yaklaşım: Vaka incelemelerinden çıkarılan dersler. Hong Kong J Emerg Med. 2022;29(6):345-52.
12. Zhang Y, Wu L, Zhou Y, et al. Omurga kavernöz malformasyonlarının hızlı tanısı ve tedavi sonuçları: 10 yıllık tek merkezli deneyim. Spine J. 2021;21(11):1784-92.

Kaynakça

  • Chen J, Lee H, Park H, et al. Horner syndrome as a presenting sign of carotid artery dissection: diagnostic challenges in the ED. Emerg Med J. 2021;38(5):372-5.
  • Kline LB, Bajandas FJ. Neuro-ophthalmology review manual. 8th ed. Thorofare (NJ): Slack Inc; 2020.
  • Nielsen JK, Olsen LH, Schroeder TV. Acute Horner syndrome in emergency settings: importance of rapid differential diagnosis. Eur J Emerg Med. 2022;29(1):8-13.
  • Chen L, Li Y, Liu J, et al. Emergency presentations of Horner syndrome: a multicenter analysis. Am J Emerg Med. 2021;44:118-24.
  • Song J, Park JH, Lee HS. Clinical spectrum of Horner syndrome in acute care: diagnostic pitfalls. Front Neurol. 2020;11:611.
  • Gross BA, Du R. Spinal cavernous malformations: clinical features and surgical management. Neurosurg Focus. 2021;50(6):E15.
  • Li D, Hao SY, Wu Z, et al. Clinical features and surgical outcomes of intramedullary cavernous malformations. Neurosurgery. 2020;87(2):314-23.
  • Rajasekaran S, Soundararajan DCR, Kabir SM, et al. Spinal cavernous hemangiomas with atypical findings: case series. Spinal Cord Ser Cases. 2019;5:101.
  • Matsumoto K, Takahashi T, Saito T, et al. Rare presentation of spinal cavernous hemangioma with Horner syndrome. World Neurosurg. 2020;137:287-90.
  • Lee SH, Park KS, Choi JH. Emergency imaging of Horner syndrome: when to suspect spinal pathology. Clin Neurol Neurosurg. 2021;207:106768.
  • Kim HJ, Cho Y, Koo HW. Multidisciplinary approach in rare causes of Horner syndrome: lessons from case reviews. Hong Kong J Emerg Med. 2022;29(6):345-52.
  • Zhang Y, Wu L, Zhou Y, et al. Rapid recognition and treatment outcomes of spinal cavernous malformations: a 10-year single center experience. Spine J. 2021;21(11):1784-92
Toplam 12 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Acil Tıp, Ağrı, Klinik Onkoloji, Tanı Radyografisi
Bölüm Olgu Sunumu
Yazarlar

Mehmet Yorgun 0000-0003-1129-3702

Osman Taş 0000-0002-6710-7238

Gönderilme Tarihi 4 Eylül 2025
Kabul Tarihi 22 Kasım 2025
Yayımlanma Tarihi 31 Mart 2026
DOI https://doi.org/10.33706/jemcr.1778275
IZ https://izlik.org/JA59PS95DA
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2026 Cilt: 17 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA Yorgun, M., & Taş, O. (2026). Beyond the Obvious: Horner Syndrome Revealing a Spinal Cavernous Hemangioma in the Emergency Department. Journal of Emergency Medicine Case Reports, 17(1), 1-3. https://doi.org/10.33706/jemcr.1778275
AMA 1.Yorgun M, Taş O. Beyond the Obvious: Horner Syndrome Revealing a Spinal Cavernous Hemangioma in the Emergency Department. Journal of Emergency Medicine Case Reports. 2026;17(1):1-3. doi:10.33706/jemcr.1778275
Chicago Yorgun, Mehmet, ve Osman Taş. 2026. “Beyond the Obvious: Horner Syndrome Revealing a Spinal Cavernous Hemangioma in the Emergency Department”. Journal of Emergency Medicine Case Reports 17 (1): 1-3. https://doi.org/10.33706/jemcr.1778275.
EndNote Yorgun M, Taş O (01 Mart 2026) Beyond the Obvious: Horner Syndrome Revealing a Spinal Cavernous Hemangioma in the Emergency Department. Journal of Emergency Medicine Case Reports 17 1 1–3.
IEEE [1]M. Yorgun ve O. Taş, “Beyond the Obvious: Horner Syndrome Revealing a Spinal Cavernous Hemangioma in the Emergency Department”, Journal of Emergency Medicine Case Reports, c. 17, sy 1, ss. 1–3, Mar. 2026, doi: 10.33706/jemcr.1778275.
ISNAD Yorgun, Mehmet - Taş, Osman. “Beyond the Obvious: Horner Syndrome Revealing a Spinal Cavernous Hemangioma in the Emergency Department”. Journal of Emergency Medicine Case Reports 17/1 (01 Mart 2026): 1-3. https://doi.org/10.33706/jemcr.1778275.
JAMA 1.Yorgun M, Taş O. Beyond the Obvious: Horner Syndrome Revealing a Spinal Cavernous Hemangioma in the Emergency Department. Journal of Emergency Medicine Case Reports. 2026;17:1–3.
MLA Yorgun, Mehmet, ve Osman Taş. “Beyond the Obvious: Horner Syndrome Revealing a Spinal Cavernous Hemangioma in the Emergency Department”. Journal of Emergency Medicine Case Reports, c. 17, sy 1, Mart 2026, ss. 1-3, doi:10.33706/jemcr.1778275.
Vancouver 1.Mehmet Yorgun, Osman Taş. Beyond the Obvious: Horner Syndrome Revealing a Spinal Cavernous Hemangioma in the Emergency Department. Journal of Emergency Medicine Case Reports. 01 Mart 2026;17(1):1-3. doi:10.33706/jemcr.1778275