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A Clinical Pitfall: Imperforate Hymen Presenting as Abdominal Distension in an Adolescent

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 16 Sayı: 4, 167 - 169, 31.12.2025

Öz

Introduction: Imperforate hymen is a rare congenital anomaly and the most common obstructive lesion of the female genital tract. Although classically presenting with primary amenorrhea and cyclic pelvic pain, atypical manifestations such as progressive abdominal distension may mimic gastrointestinal, urinary, or malignant conditions and delay diagnosis.

Case Presentation: A 14-year-old girl presented with increasing abdominal distension and intermittent spotting. Examination revealed suprapubic fullness without peritoneal signs and a tense. Laboratory tests were unremarkable except for mild microcytic anemia. Pelvic ultrasonography demonstrated a cystic mass occupying the vagina, and magnetic resonance imaging showed a T1-hyperintense, thin-walled lesion consistent with hemorrhagic content, without uterine or ovarian pathology. Hymenotomy was performed with evacuation of retained blood; postoperative recovery was uneventful.

Discussion: This case underscores a clinical pitfall: abdominal mass–like presentation of imperforate hymen in adolescence. Failure to perform a genital examination and overreliance on imaging can result in misdiagnosis and unnecessary oncologic workup. Early recognition prevents complications including hematometra, hematosalpinx, urinary retention, infection, endometriosis, and potential future fertility issues. Ultrasonography is usually diagnostic; MRI refines anatomy and excludes alternative etiologies.

Conclusion: In adolescent girls with abdominal distension or an apparent pelvic mass, imperforate hymen should be included in the differential diagnosis. A simple genital examination, supported by ultrasonography and MRI when indicated, enables prompt diagnosis and definitive, low-morbidity surgical management.

Kaynakça

  • 1. Lee KH, Hong JS, Jung HJ, Jeong HK, Moon SJ, Park WH, et al. Imperforate hymen: a comprehensive systematic review. Journal of clinical medicine. 2019;8(1):56.
  • 2. Zade RD, Choudhary A, Inamdar SA, Bankar NJ, Junghari M, Akulwar A. Imperforate Hymen: A Report of a Case With Classical Signs. Cureus. 2024;16(3).
  • 3. Enes PV, Brandão P, Ramôa P, Torgal A. Imperforate hymen: the importance of early diagnosis. Int J Reprod Contracept Obstet Gynecol. 2017;6:2628.
  • 4. Nusrath M, Anwar L. A Case Report of Hematometrocolpos in Two Adolescents: Divergent Clinical Presentations and Diagnostic Challenges. Cureus. 2024;16(8).
  • 5. Russell VR, Ibrahim M, Phillips G, Setchell T, Purkayastha S. Imperforate hymen mimicking acute appendicitis in an adolescent woman: a rare presentation. BMJ Case Reports CP. 2021;14(3):e238547.
  • 6. Casey S, Fang M, Goytia K, Monestime G, Dietrich J. 11. Accuracy of Imperforate Hymen Diagnosis at a Pediatric and Adolescent Gynecology Referral Center. Journal of Pediatric and Adolescent Gynecology. 2024;37(2):237-8.
  • 7. Monestime G, Goytia K, Fang M, Casey S, Dietrich J. 52. Examination of Hymenal Variant Diagnoses Pre-and Post-Evaluation by Pediatric and Adolescent Gynecology. Journal of Pediatric and Adolescent Gynecology. 2024;37(2):261.
  • 8. Hamouie A, Dietrich JE. Imperforate hymen: clinical pearls and implications of management. Clinical Obstetrics and Gynecology. 2022;65(4):699-707.

Klinik Tuzak: Karın Şişkinliği Şikâyeti ile Başvuran İmperfore Hymen

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 16 Sayı: 4, 167 - 169, 31.12.2025

Öz

Giriş: Imperfore hymen, nadir görülen bir konjenital anomali ve kadın genital sisteminin en sık görülen obstrüktif lezyonudur. Klasik olarak primer amenore ve siklik pelvik ağrı ile kendini gösterir, ancak ilerleyici abdominal distansiyon gibi atipik belirtiler gastrointestinal, üriner veya malign durumları taklit edebilir ve tanıyı geciktirebilir.

Olgu Sunumu: 14 yaşındaki bir kız çocuğu, artan karın şişkinliği ve aralıklı lekelenme ile başvurdu. Muayenede periton belirtileri ve gerginlik olmadan suprapubik dolgunluk saptandı. Laboratuvar testleri, hafif mikrositik anemi dışında dikkat çekici bir bulgu göstermedi. Pelvik ultrasonografide vajinayı kaplayan kistik bir kitle saptandı ve manyetik rezonans görüntüleme, uterus veya yumurtalık patolojisi olmaksızın, hemorajik içerikle uyumlu, T1-hiperintens, ince duvarlı bir lezyon gösterdi. Elastik himenotomi ile biriken kan boşaltıldı; ameliyat sonrası iyileşme sorunsuz geçti.

Tartışma: Bu vaka, klinik bir tuzağı vurgulamaktadır: ergenlikte imperforat himenin abdominal kitle benzeri görünümü. Genital muayene yapılmaması ve görüntüleme yöntemlerine aşırı güvenilmesi, yanlış tanı ve gereksiz onkolojik tetkiklere yol açabilir. Erken tanı, hematometra, hematosalpinx, üriner retansiyon, enfeksiyon, endometriozis ve gelecekte olası fertilite sorunları gibi komplikasyonları önler. Ultrasonografi genellikle tanısal niteliktedir; MRG anatomiyi netleştirir ve alternatif etiyolojileri dışlar.

Sonuç: Karın şişkinliği veya belirgin pelvik kitle olan ergen kızlarda, imperforat himen ayırıcı tanıya dahil edilmelidir. Ultrasonografi ve MRG ile desteklenen basit bir genital muayene, hızlı tanı ve kesin, düşük morbiditeli cerrahi tedaviyi mümkün kılar.

Kaynakça

  • 1. Lee KH, Hong JS, Jung HJ, Jeong HK, Moon SJ, Park WH, et al. Imperforate hymen: a comprehensive systematic review. Journal of clinical medicine. 2019;8(1):56.
  • 2. Zade RD, Choudhary A, Inamdar SA, Bankar NJ, Junghari M, Akulwar A. Imperforate Hymen: A Report of a Case With Classical Signs. Cureus. 2024;16(3).
  • 3. Enes PV, Brandão P, Ramôa P, Torgal A. Imperforate hymen: the importance of early diagnosis. Int J Reprod Contracept Obstet Gynecol. 2017;6:2628.
  • 4. Nusrath M, Anwar L. A Case Report of Hematometrocolpos in Two Adolescents: Divergent Clinical Presentations and Diagnostic Challenges. Cureus. 2024;16(8).
  • 5. Russell VR, Ibrahim M, Phillips G, Setchell T, Purkayastha S. Imperforate hymen mimicking acute appendicitis in an adolescent woman: a rare presentation. BMJ Case Reports CP. 2021;14(3):e238547.
  • 6. Casey S, Fang M, Goytia K, Monestime G, Dietrich J. 11. Accuracy of Imperforate Hymen Diagnosis at a Pediatric and Adolescent Gynecology Referral Center. Journal of Pediatric and Adolescent Gynecology. 2024;37(2):237-8.
  • 7. Monestime G, Goytia K, Fang M, Casey S, Dietrich J. 52. Examination of Hymenal Variant Diagnoses Pre-and Post-Evaluation by Pediatric and Adolescent Gynecology. Journal of Pediatric and Adolescent Gynecology. 2024;37(2):261.
  • 8. Hamouie A, Dietrich JE. Imperforate hymen: clinical pearls and implications of management. Clinical Obstetrics and Gynecology. 2022;65(4):699-707.
Toplam 8 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Acil Tıp
Bölüm Olgu Sunumu
Yazarlar

Mevlana Gül 0000-0002-9390-0213

Ayça Çalbay 0000-0002-7031-2689

Sümeyye Gündüz 0009-0000-2998-7572

Gönderilme Tarihi 20 Eylül 2025
Kabul Tarihi 12 Kasım 2025
Yayımlanma Tarihi 31 Aralık 2025
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2025 Cilt: 16 Sayı: 4

Kaynak Göster

APA Gül, M., Çalbay, A., & Gündüz, S. (2025). A Clinical Pitfall: Imperforate Hymen Presenting as Abdominal Distension in an Adolescent. Journal of Emergency Medicine Case Reports, 16(4), 167-169. https://doi.org/10.33706/jemcr.1787981
AMA Gül M, Çalbay A, Gündüz S. A Clinical Pitfall: Imperforate Hymen Presenting as Abdominal Distension in an Adolescent. Journal of Emergency Medicine Case Reports. Aralık 2025;16(4):167-169. doi:10.33706/jemcr.1787981
Chicago Gül, Mevlana, Ayça Çalbay, ve Sümeyye Gündüz. “A Clinical Pitfall: Imperforate Hymen Presenting as Abdominal Distension in an Adolescent”. Journal of Emergency Medicine Case Reports 16, sy. 4 (Aralık 2025): 167-69. https://doi.org/10.33706/jemcr.1787981.
EndNote Gül M, Çalbay A, Gündüz S (01 Aralık 2025) A Clinical Pitfall: Imperforate Hymen Presenting as Abdominal Distension in an Adolescent. Journal of Emergency Medicine Case Reports 16 4 167–169.
IEEE M. Gül, A. Çalbay, ve S. Gündüz, “A Clinical Pitfall: Imperforate Hymen Presenting as Abdominal Distension in an Adolescent”, Journal of Emergency Medicine Case Reports, c. 16, sy. 4, ss. 167–169, 2025, doi: 10.33706/jemcr.1787981.
ISNAD Gül, Mevlana vd. “A Clinical Pitfall: Imperforate Hymen Presenting as Abdominal Distension in an Adolescent”. Journal of Emergency Medicine Case Reports 16/4 (Aralık2025), 167-169. https://doi.org/10.33706/jemcr.1787981.
JAMA Gül M, Çalbay A, Gündüz S. A Clinical Pitfall: Imperforate Hymen Presenting as Abdominal Distension in an Adolescent. Journal of Emergency Medicine Case Reports. 2025;16:167–169.
MLA Gül, Mevlana vd. “A Clinical Pitfall: Imperforate Hymen Presenting as Abdominal Distension in an Adolescent”. Journal of Emergency Medicine Case Reports, c. 16, sy. 4, 2025, ss. 167-9, doi:10.33706/jemcr.1787981.
Vancouver Gül M, Çalbay A, Gündüz S. A Clinical Pitfall: Imperforate Hymen Presenting as Abdominal Distension in an Adolescent. Journal of Emergency Medicine Case Reports. 2025;16(4):167-9.