Aloe Vera Jel (AVG)/PVA/PLLA Katmanlı Nanobiyokompozitlerin Mekanik Özelliklerinin Araştırılması

Öz

Aloe vera (AVG) jel formundadır ve yara iyileşmesinde kullanılır. PVA suda çözünebilen, biyolojik olarak parçalanabilen bir polimerdir. PLLA termoplastik bir polimerdir, mukavemeti ve elastikiyeti arttırır. Bu çalışmada ilk olarak PLLA polimeri elektro eğirme işlemiyle nanolifli yüzey formuna dönüştürüldü. İkinci aşamada, elektro eğirme yöntemi ile PLLA nanolifleri üzerine Aloe vera (AVG)/PVA karışımı uygulanarak 2 katmanlı biyonanokompozitler üretildi. Bu katmanlı nanobiyokompozit yapılar ve %0, %5, %10 ve %20 oranlarında AVG içeren nanolifler, viskozite, iletkenlik, pH, SEM, çekme mukavemeti, esneme %, incelik, FT-IR, XRD enstrümantal yöntemleri kullanılarak araştırıldı. AVG ilavesinin nanobiyokompozit yapıya etkileri incelendi.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• PLLA(Poli-L-laktik asit)
• PVA (Poli(vinil alkol))
• AVG (Aloe Vera Jel)
• Nanobiyokompozit
• Elektro Eğirme

Investigation of Mechanical Properties of Aloe Vera Gel (AVG)/PVA/PLLA Layered Nanobiocomposites

Öz

Aloe Vera Gel (AVG) is a product obtained from the leaf portion of the Barbadensis Miller plant and known for its wound-healing properties. PVA is a water-soluble, biologically disintegrated polymer. PLLA, the stereoisomer of the biodegradable polylactic acid obtained from corn, is a thermoplastic polymer and has properties such as strength and elasticity. In this study, in the first stage, PLLA polymer was converted into nanoweb form as a carrier layer. In the second stage, two-layer nanobiocomposites were produced by applying aloe vera (AVG)/PVA mixture on the existing PLLA nanoweb on the collector of the electrospinning device. The effects of the AVG addition of AVG/PVA/PLLA nanobiocomposite structures containing 0 %, 5 %, 10 %, and 20 % of AVG were examined by using instrumental methods such as viscosity, conductivity, pH, SEM, tensile strength, stretch %, delicacy, FT-IR, and XRD.As a result, the percentage of crystallization due to the AVG ratio in the mixtures increased and has been found to provide resistance to the structure. This feature will be the source for the formation of biocrheable resistant materials in future medical studies related to AVG.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• PLLA(poly-L-lactic acid)
• PVA((Poly(vinyl alcohol)
• AVG (Aloe Vera Gel)
• Nanobiocomposite
• Electro spinning

Kaynakça

1. Reynolds,T., (2004) “Aloes: The genus Aloe” book CRC Press chapter :8,7 USA
2. WHO, (1999) “ Monographs on selected medicinal plants” Volume 1 World Health Organization, ISBN 92 4 154517 8,Geneva
3. Saeed M.A., Ahmad I., Yaqub U., Akbar S., Waheed A., Saleem A, (2004) “Aloe Vera: A Plant Of Vital Signifinaces” Science Vision Vol.9 No.1-2
4. Ahlawat,K.S, Khatkar,B.S., (2011) “Processing, food applications and safety of aloevera products: a review” J Food Sci Technology Vol. 48 (5) :525–533
5. Lee J.K., Lee M.K.,Yun Y.P., (2001) “Acemennan purified from Aloe vera induced phenotypic and functional maturation of immature dendritic cells” Int Immunopharmacol jul;1 (7) :1275-85,
6. Bassetti A.,SaIa S., (2005) “THE GREAT ALOE BOOK History, botany, composition, and pharmacological aspects of this legendary plant.” Zuccari Pty Ltd Via Maccani, 34 - 38100 Trento USA 31
7. Jing Yin, Lan Xu,(2020) Batch preparation of electrospun polycaprolactone/chitosan/aloe vera blended nanofiber membranes for novel wound dressing,International Journal of Biological Macromolecules,Volume 160, 2020, Pages352-363, ISSN0141-8130,
8. Surjushe, A., Vasani, R. and Saple, D. G. (2008) “Aloe vera: A short review”. Indian Journal of Dermatology 53:163-166.

9. Solaberrieta, Ignacio, Alfonso Jiménez, Ilaria Cacciotti, and Maria C. Garrigós (2020). "Encapsulation of Bioactive Compounds from Aloe Vera Agrowastes in Electrospun Poly(Ethylene Oxide) Nanofibers" Polymers 12, no. 6: 1323. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym12061323
10. Davis, R. H., Parker, W. I. and Samson, R. T., (1991) “Isolation of a stimulatory system in an aloe extract” J. American Podiatric Medical Assoc. 81:473-478.
11. Alven,S.;Khwaza,V.; Oyedeji, O.O.; Aderibigbe, B.A. (2021)Polymer-Based Scaffolds Loaded with Aloe vera Extract for the Treatment of Wounds. Pharmaceutics 21, 13, 961. https://doi.org/10.3390/ pharmaceutics13070961
12. Christaki E.V., Florou-Paneri P., (2010) Aloe vera: A plant for many uses, Journal of Food, Agriculture & Environment Vol.8 (2) : 245-249,
13. Barbosa R, Villarreal A, Rodriguez C, De Leon H, Gilkerson R, Lozano K. (2021) Aloe Vera extract-based composite nanofibers for wound dressing applications. Mater Sci Eng C Mater Biol Appl.2021. doi: 10.1016/j.msec.2021.112061.
14. Bootdee K., Nithitanakul M.,(2021) Poly(d,l-lactide-co-glycolide) nanospheres within composite poly(vinyl alcohol)/aloe vera electrospun nanofiber as a novel wound dressing for controlled release of drug, International Journal of Polymeric Materials and Polymeric Biomaterials, 70:4, 223-230, DOI: 10.1080/00914037.2019.1706512
15. Cai W., Gupta,B.,R., (2002) “Hydrogels”, Kirk-Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology Wiley, New York, NY Online
16. Hikmawati, D., Maharani, N. P., & Putra, A. P. (2020). The Effect of Ultraviolet Exposure on Physical Properties of Electrospun Nanofiber Membrane Based on Polyvinyl Alcohol and Aloe vera. In Key Engineering Materials ( 860, 244-250). Trans Tech Publications Ltd
17. Pala, N., Aral, N., & Nergıs, B. (2022). Emulsion electrospinning of pva nanofibers containing hypericum perforatum oil. Tekstil ve Mühendis, 29(128), 267-271.
18. H. Tsuji, Y. Ikada, (1996) “Crystallization from the melt of poly (lactide) s with different optical purities and their blends” Macromol. Chem. Phys. 197, 3483–3499.
19. Uslu İ., KeskinS., Gül A., KarabulutT.C., AksuM.L., (2010), “Preparation and Properties of Electrospun Poly (vinyl alcohol) Blended Hybrid Polymer with Aloe vera and HPMC as Wound Dressing” Hacettepe J. Biol. & Chem., 38 (1) 19-25
20. Uslu İ., Aytimur A., (2011) “Production and Characterization of Poly (vinyl alcohol)/Poly (vinylpyrrolidone) Iodine/Poly (ethylene glycol) Electrospun Fibers with (Hydroxypropyl) methyl Cellulose and Aloe Vera as Promising Material for Wound Dressing”, Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 124 – 4 3520-3524
21. Serinçay H., Özkan S., Yılmaz N., Koçyiğit S., Uslu İ.,Gürcan S.,Arısoy M., (2013), “PVA/PAA-Based Antibacterial Wound Dressing Material with Aloe Vera”, Polymer-Plastics Technology and Engineering, 52: 1308–1315.
22. Kim E.S., Kim S.H., and Lee C. H.,(2010), “Electrospinning of Polylactide Fibers Containing Silver Nanoparticles”, Macromolecular Research, Vol. 18, No. 3, pp 215-221
23. Tomaszewski W., Duda A., Szadkowski M., Libiszowski J.,Ciechanska D., (2008), “Poly(L-lactide) Nano- and Microfibers by Electrospinning: Influence of Poly(L-lactide) Molecular Weight”, Macromol. Symp. 272, 70–74
24. Li WJ, Laurencin CT, Caterson EJ, Tuan RS, Ko FK. (2002) “Electrospun nanofibrous structure: A novel scaffold for tissue engineering”. J. Biomed. Mater. Res. Vol. 60, 613–621
25. Andrady A.L., (2008) “Science and Tecnology of Polymer Nanofibers”, A John Wiley Sons Inc., ISBN 978-0-471-79059-4
26. Ding, B., J. H. Kim, Y. Miyazaki, and S. M. Shiratori (2004) . “Electrospun nanofibrous membranes coated quartz crystal microbalance as gas sensor for NH3 detection.” Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical 101 (3) :373–380.
27. Huang, Z. M., Y. Z. Zhang, S. Ramakrishna, and C. T. Lim (2004) . “Electrospinning and mechanical characterization of gelatin nanofibers.” Polymer 45 (15) : 5361–5368.
28. Pala Avcı, N., Aral Yılmaz, N., & Nergis, F. B. (2024). The Effect Of Polymer Concentration On Coaxial Electrospinning Of Pvp/Pcl Core-Sheath Nanofibers. Politeknik Dergisi, 27(5), 1781-1787.
29. Avcı, N. P., Yılmaz, N. A., & Nergis, F. B. (2024). The effect of essential oil on fiber morphology and surface properties in coaxial nanofibers. Uludağ Üniversitesi Mühendislik Fakültesi Dergisi, 29(1), 125-138.
30. Peresin,M.S., Habibi, Y., Vesterinen,H.A., Rojas,O.J. PawlakJ.J, SeppaJ.V., (2010) “Effect of Moisture on Electrospun Nanofiber Composites of Poly (vinyl alcohol) and Cellulose Nanocrystals”, Biomacromolecules,Vol. 11, 2471–2477
31. Clarisse Ribeiro C., SencadasV., Costa C.M., Luís J., Ribelles G.,and Mendez S.L., (2011), “Tailoring the morphology and crystallinity of poly (L-lactide acid) electrospun membranes” Sci. Technol. Adv. Mater. Vol.12 , 9
32. Ray A., GuptaS.D., Ghosh S., (2013), “Evaluation of anti-oxidative activity and UV absorption potential ofthe extracts of Aloe vera L. gel from different growth periods of plants”, Industrial Crops and Products Vol. 49, 712– 719
33. Gunalan S.,Sivaraj R., Venckatesh R., (2012) “Aloe barbadensis Miller mediated green synthesis of mono-disperse copper oxide nanoparticles:Optical properties”, Spectrochimica Acta Part A: Molecular and Biomolecular Spectroscopy 97 1140–1144
34. Paragkumar N1, EdithD, Six J.L, (2006) “Surface characteristics of PLA and PLGA films”, Applied Surface Science 253 2758–2764
35. Cao D.,Wu Y.P.., Fu Z.F., Tian Y., LiC.J., Gao C.Y., (2011) “Cell adhesive and growth behavior on electrospun nanofibrous scaffolds by designed multifunctional composites”, Colloids and Surfaces B: Biointerfaces 84 26–34
36. Guimarães J.L., Frollini E., Silva C.G., Wypych F., Satyanarayana K.G., (2009), “Characterization of banana, sugarcane bagasse and sponge gourd fibers of Brazil”, Industrial Crops and Products 30, 407–415
37. Agirgan M., Taskin V., (2020): Nonwoven Production from Waste Rice Straw by Using Enzymatic Method, Journal of Natural Fibers, DOI:10.1080/15440478.2018.1546637 https://doi.org/10.1080/15440478.2018.1546637