AVRUPA BİRLİĞİ’NDE MALİ KOORDİNASYON: İSTİKRAR VE BÜYÜME PAKTI VE REFORMLARI

Öz

Bu çalışmada Avrupa Birliği’nin mali koordinasyonunu sağlamak üzere oluşturulmuş İstikrar ve Büyüme Paktı’nın gelişimi incelenmiştir. Avrupa Birliği para politikasında ortak ve merkezi uygulamaları benimserken maliye politikasında ortak bir uygulamaya gitmemiştir. İstikrar ve Büyüme Paktı (İBP), para ve maliye politikası arasındaki farklı yaklaşımdan kaynaklanan uyumsuzlukları gidermek amacıyla Avrupa Birliği’ndeki üye ülkelerin maliye politikalarının koordine edilmesini sağlamak için tasarlanmış kurallar bütünüdür. Üye ülkelerin maliye politikalarının gözetimi ve bütçe açıklarının izlenmesi hükümlerini açıklayan İBP 1997 yılından bu yana kurallara uyumu artırmak ve ekonomik olumsuzlukları azaltmaya yardımcı olmak üzere çeşitli reformlara tabi tutulmuştur. Reformların detayları incelendiğinde, üye ülkelerin ekonomik farklılıklarından kaynaklanan sorunların ve ekonomik kırılmaların reformları hızlandırdığı görülmektedir. Aynı zamanda reformlarla mali kuralların ekonomik büyüme ve istihdam amacını daha fazla dikkate alan bir yaklaşımla esnetildiğini söylemek mümkündür.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Avrupa Birliği
• İstikrar ve Büyüme Paktı
• Maliye Politikası

FISCAL COORDINATION IN EUROPEAN UNION: STABILITY AND GROWTH PACT AND REFORMS

Öz

In this study, the development of the Stability and GrowthPact, which was established to ensure the financial coordination of the European Union, was examined. While the European Union has adopted commonand central practices in its monetary policy, it has not made a commonpractice in fiscal policy. The Stability and Growth Pact (SGP) is a set of rules designed to ensure the coordination of the fiscal policies of the member states in the European Union in order to eliminate the incompatibilities arising from the different approach between monetary and fiscal policy. Explaining the provisions of the monitoring of the fiscal policies of the member countries and the monitoring of budget deficits, the SGP has been subjected to various reforms since 1997 to increase compliance to the rules and help reduce economic problems. When the details of the reforms are examined, it is seen that the problems caused by the economic differences of the member countries and economic breakdown accelerate the reforms. At the same time, it is possible to say that with the reforms, fiscal rules have been stretched with an approach that takes more into account the purpose of economic growth and employment.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• European Union
• Stability and Growth Pact
• Fiscal Policy

Kaynakça

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