THE EFFECTS OF ELECTRIC VEHICLE INTEGRATION ON THE DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM AND DETERMINATION OF CHARGING STATION INFRASTRUCTUR

Öz

Today, the need for energy is increasing day by day with the technological developments and industrialization that have emerged in order to keep up with the consumption related to the vital needs that increase in parallel with the rapidly increasing population. This emerging energy need is mostly provided by non-renewable resources and also causes environmental pollution. Serious changes are occurring in the transportation sector, which is one of the areas where fossil fuels are consumed the most and naturally causes carbon emissions. In particular, fossil-based vehicles are replaced by Electric Vehicles (EVs), and many brands are taking important steps to develop EV models. However, the increase in the production and use of EVs also increases the need for energy. At the same time, it makes it necessary to plan the number of charging stations and infrastructure services that require investment for the charging needs of these vehicles. In this study, detailed analyzes were carried out in the DIgSILENT PowerFactory V15.1 program for the parking areas operated by a distribution system operator in Turkey and where an EV charging station is planned to be installed. Power flow analysis results were shared in order to prevent disruption of infrastructure services and possible power system failures in areas to be worked in partnership with a parking lot operator serving in Turkey. Suggestions are presented according to the active and reactive powers flowing from the lines and transformer loads.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Electric Vehicle
• Distribution System
• Charging Station
• Transformer
• Load Flow

ELEKTRİKLİ ARAÇ ENTEGRASYONUNUN DAĞITIM SİSTEMİNE ETKİLERİNİN İNCELENMESİ VE ŞARJ İSTASYONU ALTYAPISININ TAYİN EDİLMESİ

Öz

Günümüzde hızla artan nüfusun paralelinde yaşamsal ihtiyaçlara bağlı tüketimler için ortaya çıkan teknolojik gelişmeler ve sanayileşme ile enerji ihtiyacı her geçen gün artmaktadır. İlgili enerji ihtiyacı daha çok konvansiyonel kaynaklardan karşılanmakta ancak bu durum çevre kirliliğine sebebiyet vermektedir. Fosil yakıtların en çok tüketildiği ve doğal olarak karbon emisyonuna neden olan alanlardan biri olan ulaşım sektöründe ise ciddi değişimler meydana gelmektedir. Özellikle fosil kaynaklı araçlar yerini Elektrikli Araçlara (EA) bırakmakta ve birçok marka EA modelleri geliştirmeye yönelik önemli adımlar atmaktadır. Ancak EA’ların üretim ve kullanımının artması enerjiye olan ihtiyacı da katlamaktadır. Aynı zamanda bu araçların şarj ihtiyaçları için kurulması gereken şarj istasyonu sayısı ve yatırım gerektiren altyapı hizmetlerinin planlanmasını zorunlu kılmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, Türkiye’de hizmet veren bir dağıtım sistemi operatörlüğünde işletilen ve EA şarj istasyonu kurulması planlanan otopark alanları için DIgSILENT PowerFactory V15.1 programında detaylı analizler gerçekleştirilmiştir. Türkiye’de hizmet veren bir otopark işletmecisi ile ortak çalışılacak alanlarda altyapı hizmetlerinin aksamaması ve olası güç sistemi arızalarının önüne geçebilmek amacıyla güç akışı analiz sonuçları paylaşılmıştır. Hatlardan akan aktif, reaktif güçler ve transformatör yüklenmelerine göre öneriler sunulmuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Elektrikli Araç
• Dağıtım Sistemi
• Şarj İstasyonu
• Transformatör
• Yük Akışı

Kaynakça

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