ASSESSMENT OF REMOVAL EFFICIENCIES AND TOXICITY OF FLUOROQUINOLONE GROUP ANTIBIOTICS USING PHOTOCATALYTIC ADVANCED OXIDATION PROCESSES

Öz

Advanced oxidation processes have emerged as a promising method for removing pharmaceutical compounds from water and wastewater. This experimental study investigated the feasibility of sulfate radical-based photocatalytic advanced oxidation processes, specifically persulfate/UV-C (PS /UV-C) and persulfate/UV-A (PS /UV-A), to effectively remove ciprofloxacin. In the PS /UV-C process, a dosage of 0.05 mM persulfate and a reaction time of 120 minutes resulted in a removal efficiency of 98%, while dosages of 0.1 mM and 0.25 mM achieved complete removal (100% removal efficiency) within 60 minutes. The PS /UV-A procedure resulted in removal efficiencies of 88% to 92% for all persulfate concentrations. To evaluate the influence of the water matrix on the process efficiency, the removal efficiency of ciprofloxacin was investigated in surface water samples. The results showed that the treatment time required for complete removal of ciprofloxacin was longer in surface water samples than in synthetic samples. Furthermore, the experiments showed that the initial pH had no significant effect on the process efficiency. Toxicity analysis showed no inhibitory effect on Aliivibrio fischeri. These results underline the promising potential of the PS /UV-C process as a method for removing active pharmaceutical ingredients such as ciprofloxacin.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Fluoroquinolone
• Persulfate
• Micro-pollutant
• Aliivibrio fischeri
• Water treatment

FOTOKİMYASAL İLERİ OKSİDASYON PROSESLERİ İLE FLOROKİNOLON GRUBU ANTİBİYOTİKLERİN GİDERİM VERİMLERİNİN ARAŞTIRILMASI VE TOKSİSİTELERİNİN DEĞERLENDİRMESİ

Öz

Son yıllarda, ileri oksidasyon prosesleri, ilaç etken maddelerinin su ve atıksulardan uzaklaştırılmasında umut verici yöntemler olarak öne çıkmaktadır. Bu deneysel çalışmada, siprofloksasinin etkin bir şekilde arıtımını sağlamak amacıyla sülfat radikali bazlı fotokimyasal ileri oksidasyon prosesleri olan persülfat/UV-C (PS/UV-C) ve persülfat/UV-A (PS/UV-A) yöntemlerinin uygulanabilirliği araştırılmıştır. PS/UV-C prosesinde, 0,05 mM PS dozunda ve 120 dakikalık reaksiyon süresinde %98 giderim verimi elde edilirken, 0,1 mM ve 0,25 mM dozlarında, %100 giderim verimi 60 dakikalık süre içerisinde sağlanmıştır. PS/UV-A prosesi ise, tüm PS konsantrasyonları için %88 ile %92 aralığında giderim verimleri göstermiştir. Optimum koşullar altında su matrisinin proses verimine olan etkisini değerlendirmek amacıyla, yüzeysel su örneklerinde siprofloksasin giderim verimi araştırılmıştır. Elde edilen sonuçlar, yüzeysel su örneklerinin kullanıldığı durumlarda siprofloksasinin tamamen giderilmesi için gereken sürenin sentetik numunelerin arıtımı için gerekli süreye kıyasla yüksek olduğunu ortaya koymuştur. Ayrıca, deneyler başlangıç pH değerinin proses verimi üzerinde önemli bir etkisi olmadığı göstermiştir. Toksisite analizleri, Aliivibrio fischeri üzerinde herhangi bir inhibisyon etkisi olmadığını göstermiştir. Bu bulgular, PS/UV-C prosesinin siprofloksasin gibi ilaç etken maddelerinin arıtımı için umut vadeden bir yöntem olduğunu göstermektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Florokinolon
• Persülfat
• Mikrokirletici
• Aliivibrio fischeri
• Su arıtımı

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