ORTALAMA HIZ TESPİT SİSTEMİ VE YOL GÜVENLİĞİ ETKİLERİ ÜZERİNE BİR LİTERATÜR TARAMASI

Öz

Ortalama hız tespit sistemi, başta Avrupa ve Avustralya olmak üzere dünya çapında popülerlik kazanan yeni bir akıllı ulaştırma sistemi uygulamasıdır, son yıllarda Türkiye’de de uygulanmaktadır. Sistemin temel görevi, hız kontrolü ve trafik yaptırımı amacıyla motorlu araçların ortalama hızlarını ölçmektir. Bu makalede ortalama hız tespit sistemi ile ilgili uluslararası ölçekte bir literatür taraması yapılmıştır. Sistemin kapsamlı bir özeti sunulmakla birlikte kullanım kapsamı; teknik, işletimsel ve yasal özellikler farklı yetki alanlarıyla bağlantılı hız yönetimi sorunlarına göre açıklanmaktadır. Ayrıca bu teknolojinin etkililiğini ve verimliliğini ölçen çalışmalar “araç hızları, kaza oranları, ekonomik ve pratik uygulanabilirlik, trafik akışı, araç emisyonları, anlık hız kameraları ile etki karşılaştırması ve ceza uygulamaları” kapsamında değerlendirilmiştir. Bulgular, hız sınırlarına yüksek uygunluk oranları, ortalama ve 85 yüzdeli hızlarda düşüş ve araçlar arasındaki hız değişkenliğinde düşüş ve trafik akışını iyileştirmeyi içeren yol emniyeti yararı sağlayan sonuçlar ortaya koymaktadır. Araştırma sonuçlarına göre özellikle ölümcül ve ağır yaralanmalı kaza oranlarında düşüşler bildirilmiştir. Ayrıca, bu uygulamanın yakıt tüketimi ve araç emisyonunu azaltması konusunda yan faydalar sağladığı da ortaya konmuştur. Bir dizi sürücü anketi çalışması, uygulama hakkında yüksek seviyede sürücü kabulünün olduğunu ortaya koymaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Ortalama hız tespit sistemi,Ortalama hız,Hız kamerası,Ceza

AN OVERVIEW ON AVERAGE SPEED ENFORCEMENT SYSTEM AND ROAD SAFETY EFFECTS

Öz

Average speed enforcement system is a new intelligent transportation system application that has gained popularity all over the world following Europe and Australia which is recently being applied in Turkey as well. The main task of the system is measuring the average speeds of motorized vehicles for the purpose of traffic sanctions. A literature survey related with average speed enforcement system was carried out in this study at an international scale. In addition to providing a comprehensive summary of the system, its scope of use was explained with regard to speed enforcement issues in connection with technical, operational and legal attributes. In addition, studies measuring the effectiveness and efficiency of this technology were evaluated within the scope of “vehicle speeds, accident ratios, economic and practical applicability, traffic flow, vehicle emissions, effect comparison with spot speed cameras and enforcement sanctions”. The results put forth high ratios for obeying speed limits, decrease in average and 85 percentile speeds along with decrease in speed variance between the vehicles in addition to various other results that are beneficial for road safety benefits. Study results indicate decreases especially in mortal and severe injury accident ratios. In addition, it was also reported that this application provides auxiliary benefits with regard to fuel consumption and vehicle emissions. A series of surveys carried out on drivers sets forth a high driver acceptance regarding the application. 

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