APPLICATION OF A CONCEPTUAL WATER BUDGET MODEL FOR SALDA LAKE, (BURDUR/ TURKEY)

Yıl 2018, , 29 - 37, 26.03.2018

Simge Varol , Ayşen Davraz , Şehnaz Şener , Erhan Şener , Fatma Aksever , Bülent Kırkan , Ahmet Tokgözlü

https://doi.org/10.21923/jesd.374412

Cited By: 5

Öz

Sustainable water resources management is a priority issue today. One of the major problems in the sustainable usage of lakes is the estimation of water budget components. The determination of the water budget of lakes is fundamental to an understanding of their hydrological characteristics. The Salda Lake is an inland closed basin and located within the Lake District of Turkey. In addition, the Salda Lake is one of the important wetlands of Turkey and is in the status of protected areas. Therefore, the Salda Lake is indispensable water source for region. The Salda Lake area is 44.7 km2 and lake level is 1136.5 m. In this study, conceptual water balance model of the Salda Lake was developed. Recharge of the Salda Lake is supplied from especially precipitation, surface and groundwater inflow. The directly recharge from the precipitation was calculated as 22.04 (x106) m3/year. The discharge components of the lake are evaporation. The evaporation amount from the lake was determined as 53.98 (x106) m3/year. The unmeasured recharge from groundwater was calculated as 26.33 (x106) m3/year. According to rainfall, evaporation and the lake water level relations, rainfall is dominantly effective on the lake water level change.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Salda Lake, Water budget, Lake Water Level

SALDA GÖLÜ İÇİN KAVRAMSAL SU BÜTÇE MODELİNİN UYGULANMASI, (BURDUR/TÜRKİYE)

Öz

Sürdürülebilir su kaynakları yönetimi bugün öncelikli bir konudur. Göllerin sürdürülebilir kullanımındaki en büyük sorunlardan biri, su bütçesi bileşenlerinin tahmin edilmesidir. Göllerin su bütçesinin belirlenmesi, hidrolojik özelliklerinin anlaşılması için önemlidir. Salda Gölü, kapalı bir havza olup, Türkiye'nin Göller Bölgesi'nde yer almaktadır. Ayrıca, Salda Gölü Türkiye'nin önemli sulak alanlarından ve korunan alanlarından biridir. Bu nedenle, Salda Gölü bölge için sürdürülebilir yönetimi önemli bir su kaynağıdır. Salda Gölü’nün alanı 44.7 km2, göl seviyesi 1136.5 m dir. Bu çalışmada Salda Gölü için kavramsal su denge modeli geliştirilmiştir. Salda Gölü’nün beslenimi, özellikle yağış, yüzey ve yeraltı suyu akışından sağlanmaktadır. Salda Gölü için yağıştan besleme 22.04 (x106) m3/yıl olarak hesaplanmıştır. Gölün en önemli boşalım bileşeni buharlaşmadır. Gölün buharlaşma miktarı 53.98 (x106) m3/yıl olarak belirlenmiştir. Yeraltısuyundan ölçülmeyen beslenim miktarı ise 26.33 (x106) m3/yıl olarak hesaplanmıştır. Yağış, buharlaşma ve göl su seviyesi ilişkilerine göre, çalışma alanı için yağış, göl su seviyesi değişiminde baskın bileşendir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Salda Gölü, Su bütçesi, Göl Suyu Seviyesi

Kaynakça

• Bocanegra E., Quiroz Londono O.M., Martinez D.E. & Romanelli A. 2013 Quantification of the water balance and hydrogeological processes of groundwater–lake interactions in the Pampa Plain, Argentina, Environmental Earth Science, 68(8), 2347-2357.
• Burkert U., Ginzel G., Babenzien H.D. & Koschel R. 2004 The hydrogeology of a catchment area and an artificially divided dystrophic lake-consequences for the limnology of lake Fuchskuhle, Biogeochemistry, 71, 225–246.
• Cook P.G., Wood C. & Brunner P. 2008 Groundwater inflow to a shallow, Poorly-mixed wetland estimated from a mass balance of radon, Journal of Hydrology, 354, 213-226.
• Davraz A., Şener E., Şener Ş. & Varol S. 2014 Water Balance of the Eğirdir Lake and the Influence of Budget Components, Isparta, Turkey. Suleyman Demirel University Journal of Natural and Applied Science, 18(2), 27-36.
• Du J., Fang J., Xu W., & Shi P. 2013 Analysis of dry/wet conditions using the standardized precipitation index and its potential usefulness for drought/flood monitoring in Hunan Province, China, Stochastic Environmental Research and Risk Assessment, 27(2), 377-387.
• Froehlich K.F.O., Gonfiantini R. & Rozanski K. 2005 Isotopes in lake studies: a historical perspective. In: Aggarwal PK, Gat JR Froehlich KFO (eds) Isotopes in the water cycle. Past, present and future of a developing science pp 139–150.
• Hayashi M. & Van der Kamp G. 2007 Water Level Changes in Ponds and Lakes: The Hydrological Processes. Plant Disturbance Ecology: The Process and the Response, Edited by: Edward A. Johnson and Kiyoko Miyaniski ISBN: 978-0-12-088778-1, Elsevier Published.
• Kebede S., Travia Y., Alemayehub T. & Marca V 2006 Water balance of Lake Tana and its sensitivity to fluctuations in rainfall, Blue Nile basin, Ethiopia, Journal of Hydrology, 316, 233–247.
• Kim D.W., Byun H.R. & Choi K.S. 2009 Evaluation, modification, and application of the effective drought index to 200-year drought climatology of Seoul, Korea, Journal of Hydrology, 378, 1–12.
• Livada I. & Assimakopoulos V.D. 2007 Spatial and temporal analysis of drought in Greece using the Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI), Theor. Appl. Climatol., 89, 143–153.
• McKee T.B., Doesken N.J. & Kleist J. 1993 The relationship of drought frequency and duration to time scales. Preprints Eighth Conf on Applied Climatology Anaheim CA. Amer Meteor Soc, pp 179–184
• Min S.K., Kwon W.T., Park E.H. & Choi Y. 2003 Spatial and temporal comparisons of droughts over Korea with East Asia, Int J Climatol, 23, 223–233.
• Moradi H.R., Rajabi M. & Faragzadeh M. 2011 Investigation of meteorological drought characteristics in Fars Province, Iran. Catena, 84, 35–46.
• Nafarzadegana A.R., Zadeha M.R., Kherada M., Ahania H., Gharehkhania A., Karampoora M.A. & Kousari M.R. 2012 Drought area monitoring during the past three decades in Fars Province, Iran, Quat Int, 250, 27–36.
• Paulo A.A., Pereira L.S. & Matias P.G. 2003 Analysis of local and regional droughts in southern Portugal using the theory of runs and the standardized precipitation index. In: Rossi G, Cancelliere A, Pereira LS, Oweis T, Shatanawi M, Zairi A (eds) tools for drought mitigation in Mediterranean regions. Kluwer, Dordrecht, pp 55–78
• Quiring S.M. & Papakryiakou T.N. 2003 An evaluation of agricultural drought indices for the Canadian prairies, Agric For Meteorology, 118, 49–62.
• Scozzafava M. & Tallini M. 2001 Report net infiltration in the Gran Sasso Massif of central Italy using the Thornthwaite water budget and curve-number method, Hydrogeology Journal, 9, 461–475.
• Thornthwaite C.W. & Mather J.R. 1957 Instructions and tables for computing potential evapotranspiration and the water balance, Publ. Climatol. 10, 185–311.
• Varol S., Davraz A., Şener Ş., Aksever F., Şener E., Kırkan B. & Tokgözlü A. 2017. Determination of pollution and monitoring of the hydrogeochemical properties, hydrogeology of Salda Lake wetland. TÜBİTAK ÇAYDAG project report, Project No: 114Y084
• Vergni L. & Todisco F. 2010 Spatio-temporal variability of precipitation, temperature and agricultural drought indices in central Italy, Agric For Meteorology, 151(3), 301–313.
• Wu H., Svobod M.D., Hayes M.J., Wilhite D.A. & Wen F. 2007 Appropriate application of the standardized precipitation index in arid locations and dry seasons, Int J Climatology, 27, 65–79.
• Yuan W. & Zhou G. 2004 Comparison between standardized precipitation index and Z-index in China. Acta Phytoecol Sin., 28(4), 523–529.