NİŞASTA ESASLI BİYOPLASTİK KAŞIK ATIKLARININ FUNGAL BİYOLOJİK PARÇALANABİLİRLİĞİNİN ARAŞTIRILMASI

Öz

Son zamanlarda, petrol esaslı plastiklerin aşırı ve bilinçsiz tüketimi nedeni ile çevresel ve ekonomik endişeler ortaya çıkmıştır. Bu endişeler, “biyoplastik” adı verilen ve yenilenebilir ham maddelerden üretilen çevre dostu plastiklerin geliştirilmesine imkân tanımıştır. Son yıllarda yapılan çalışmalar, biyoplastiğin mekanik ve fiziksel özelliklerinin geliştirilmesine ve maliyetinin azaltılmasına odaklanmış durumdadır. Biyolojik parçalanabilir olarak adlandırılması nedeni ile biyoplastiklerin doğada tamamen parçalanabilmesi beklenmektedir. Ancak literatürde, biyoplastiklerin biyolojik parçalanabilirliğine dair az sayıda çalışma mevcuttur. Bu çalışmada, bakterilerden daha dayanıklı olduğu bilinen funguslarla, en çok tüketilen biyoplastik türlerinden biri olan nişasta esaslı biyoplastik atığının parçalanabilirliği araştırılmıştır. Bu amaçla, beyaz çürükçül fungus türü olan Coriolus versicolor ile nişasta esaslı biyoplastik kaşık atığı, yarı katı fermantasyon koşullarında 93 gün boyunca inkübe edilmiştir. Toplam redükte şeker analizi sonuçları, toplam redükte şekerin fungusların nişasta esaslı biyoplastiği parçalaması ile arttığını, parçalama sonucunda oluşan şekerlerin fungus tarafından kullanılması ile de azaldığını göstermiştir. HPLC analiz sonuçları, C. versicolor’un nişasta esaslı biyoplastik kaşık atığının yapısındaki nişastayı, glikoza parçaladığını göstermiştir. Kütle kaybı analizleri ise C. versicolor’un yarı katı fermantasyon koşulları altında 93 günde nişasta esaslı biyoplastik kaşık atığının %20’sini parçalayabildiğini göstermiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Beyaz çürükçül fungus,Biyoplastik,Biyopolimer,Coriolus versicolor,Nişasta.

INVESTIGATION OF FUNGAL BIODEGRADATION OF STARCH BASED BIOPLASTIC SPOON WASTES

Öz

Recently, environmental and economic concerns have risen due to excessive and unconscious consumption of traditional plastics. These concerns have led to the development of environmentally friendly plastics produced from renewable raw materials called “bioplastic”. Recent studies have focused mainly on physical, mechanical characteristics and reduction in the cost. It was expected that bioplastics can be completely biodegraded in nature because of being called biodegradable. On the other hand, there are few studies on the biodegradability of bioplastics in the literature. In this study, one of the most consumed type starch-based bioplastics spoon wastes biodegradability was investigated with the fungus. For this purpose, the white rot fungus Coriolus versicolor and the starch-based bioplastic spoon wastes were incubated for 93 days under suspended solid fermentation conditions. Results of reduced sugar analyses showed that the reducing sugar was increased because of fungal attack on starch-based bioplastics and decreased by fungi because of using of these sugars for growth. The results of HPLC as the glucose content indicated that, starch in the structure of bioplastics were biodegraded to glucose. Weight loss analysis showed that starch-based bioplastic spoon waste was 20% biodegraded by C. versicolor in 93 days under suspended solid fermentation conditions.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Bioplastic,Biopolymer,Coriolus versicolor,Starch,White rot fungus

Kaynakça

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