AIR QUALITY INDEX PREDICTION IN BESIKTAS DISTRICT BY ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORKS AND K NEAREST NEIGHBORS

Öz

In this study, Air Quality Index (AQI) in Besiktas was intended to be predicted by Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) and k Nearest Neighbors (kNN) algorithms. For this purpose, eight parameters have been selected which may affect the AQI. These parameters are PM10, SO2, CO, O3, temperature, humidity, pressure and wind speed, respectively. 124 data for 2015, 2016, 2017 and 2018 January, which includes eight parameters, were determined as training data. The first 14-day data of January 2019 were determined as test data. Similarly, the first 14-day data of January, March and December of 2018 were used as test data. In addition, The first 14-day data for January 2019 were normalized and set as test data. The success of ANN and kNN were measured by comparing. Performance rate of ANN with raw data for January 2018 was 85.71%, for March 2018 was 71.43%, for December 2018 was 78.57%. Both with raw and with normalized data for January 2019 was 85.71% performance rate. Performance rate of kNN with raw data for January 2019 was 92.86%, for March 2018 was 28.57%, for December 2018 was 71.43%. Performance rate of kNN with normalized data for January 2019 was 92,86%.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Air Quality ındex,Artificial Neural Networks,k Nearest Neighbours,Classification

BEŞİKTAŞ’TAKİ HAVA KALİTESİ İNDEKSİNİN YAPAY SİNİR AĞLARI VE K EN YAKIN KOMŞULUK ALGORİTMALARI İLE TAHMİNİ

Öz

Bu çalışmada, Beşiktaş’taki Hava Kalitesi İndeksinin (HKİ) Yapay Sinir Ağları (YSA) ve k En Yakın Komşuluk (kNN) algoritmaları ile tahmin edilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaçla HKİ’yi etkileyebilecek 8 adet parametre seçilmiştir. Bu parametreler sırasıyla PM10, SO2, CO, O3, sıcaklık, nem, basınç ve rüzgar hızı’dır. Bu parametreleri içeren 2015, 2016, 2017 ve 2018 yıllarının Ocak aylarına ait 124 adet veri eğitim verisi olarak belirlenmiştir. 2019 yılı Ocak ayına ait ilk 14 günlük veriler ile 2018 yılının Ocak, Mart ve Aralık aylarının ilk 14 günlük verileri ise test verisi olarak kullanılmıştır. 2019 yılı Ocak ayının ilk 14 günlük verisi normalize edililerek, ayrıca test verisi olarak ta kullanılmıştır. YSA ve kNN’nin sonuçları karşılaştırılarak başarıları ölçülmüştür. YSA’nın Ocak 2018 ham verileri ile başarım oranı % 85.71, Mart 2018 için % 71.43, Aralık 2018 için % 78.57 olmuştur. Hem ham hem de normalize edilmiş Ocak 2019 verileri için ise başarım oranı % 85,71 olmuştur. kNN nin Ocak 2019 ham verileri ile başarım oranı % 92.86, Mart 2018 için % 28.57, Aralık 2018 için % 71.43 olmuştur. kNN’nin normalize edilmiş Ocak 2019 verileri ile başarım oranı ise % 92.86 olmuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Hava Kalitesi İndeksi,Yapay Sinir Ağları,k en Yakın Komşuluk,Sınıflandırma

Kaynakça

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