HAYVANSAL VE BİTKİSEL ATIKLAR KAYNAKLI BİYOKÖMÜR ÜRETİM POTANSİYELİNİN BELİRLENMESİ: MALATYA İLİ ÖRNEĞİ

Öz

Araştırmada, Malatya ilinin hayvansal ve bitkisel atıklar kaynaklı biyokömür dönüşüm potansiyeli belirlenmiştir. Çalışma kapsamında, Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu'nun 2019, 2018 ve 2017 yılı Hayvancılık İstatistikleri ve Bitkisel Üretim İstatistikleri kullanılmıştır. Biyokömür üretim potansiyelinin belirlenmesinde hayvan (büyükbaş süt sığırları, küçükbaş süt veren koyun+keçi ve hindi+kaz+ördek+yumurta tavuğu kümes hayvanı) sayıları ve bahçe ürünleri (kayısı, elma, ceviz, armut, badem, kiraz, şeftali+nektarin, vişne, erik) ağaç sayıları dikkate alınarak, ilgili kabullere göre atık miktarları saptanmıştır. Diğer hayvansal ve bitkisel üretim atıkları, genel olarak sürdürülebilir olmadığından biyokömür dönüşüm potansiyelinin belirlenmesinde dikkate alınmamıştır. Toplam biyokömür dönüşüm potansiyeli üç yıl için 132319 ton ve yıl bazında ortalama 44106.3 ton olarak belirlenmiştir. 2019, 2018 ve 2017 yılı için; hayvansal atık kaynaklı biyokömür potansiyeli, toplam potansiyelin % 72.4'ünü ve bahçe ürünleri budama atıkları kaynaklı biyokömür potansiyeli ise toplam potansiyelin % 27.6'sını oluşturmuştur. Bu oranlar, yıl bazında da yaklaşık oranlarda seyretmiştir. Ayrıca, hayvansal atık kaynaklarının % 87’sini büyükbaş hayvan atıkları ve bahçe ürünleri budama atık kaynaklarının % 88'ini ise kayısı ağacı budama atıkları oluşturmuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Biyokömür
• Hayvansal atık
• Bitkisel atık
• Atık gerikazanımı

DETERMINATION OF ANIMAL AND VEGETABLE WASTES-BASED BIOCHAR PRODUCTION POTENTIAL: THE CASE OF MALATYA PROVINCE

Öz

In the research, animal and vegetable waste-based biochar transformation potential of Malatya province was determined. Within the scope of the study, Livestock Statistics and Plant Production Statistics of the years 2019, 2018 and 2017 from the Turkish Statistical Institute were used. In the determination of the biochar production potential, the number of animals (dairy cattle, milk giving sheep+goat and turkey+goose+duck+laying hen poultry) and the number of horticultural crop trees (apricot, apple, walnut, pear, almond, cherry, peach+nectarine, sour cherry, plum) were considered and waste amounts were detected according to the relevant acceptances. Other animal and vegetable production wastes were not taken into consideration in determining biochar transformation potential since they are not generally sustainable. Total biochar transformation potential was determined as 132319 tons for three years and 44106.3 tons on the average on a yearly basis. For the years 2019, 2018 and 2017; animal waste-based biochar potential created 72.4% of the total potential and horticultural crop pruning waste-based biochar potential created 27.6% of the total potential. These rates ranged between the approximate rates on a yearly basis. Also, 87% of the animal waste sources consisted of bovine animal wastes and 88% of the horticultural crop pruning waste sources consisted of apricot tree pruning wastes.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Biochar
• Animal Waste
• Vegetable Waste
• Waste Recycling

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