EXAMINATION OF THE TRAVELLING SALESMAN PROBLEM WITH GAME THEORY COST ALLOCATION METHODS

Öz

In this study, travelling salesman problem (TSP), which is one of the Integer Programming models, is used. The purpose in TSP is to find the shortest way to return to the starting point by going to each point only once from the points to be made, in order to make the works more efficient and not create extra cost in situations such as distribution, supply and logistics. While calculating this route, the cost to be obtained as a result of the tour should be lower than all other routes. Then, cost sharing related to the problem is allocated by using cooperative game theory. In the event that players (firms) share a coalition between them, the cost of each player is obtained by two different cost allocation methods, Shapley value and nucleolus methods. Comparing the numerical results obtained, it is observed that the Shapley value has a lower cost compared to the nucleolus method and the cost reduction rates of the three players were calculated as 47.04%, 48.74%, 25.91%, respectively.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Integer Programming
• Cooperative Game Theory
• Travelling Salesman Problem

GEZGİN SATICI PROBLEMİNİN OYUN TEORİSİ MALİYET TAHSİS YÖNTEMLERİ İLE İNCELENMESİ

Öz

Bu çalışmada, Tamsayılı Programlama modellerinden biri olan gezgin satıcı problemi (GSP) kullanılmıştır. GSP’de amaç; dağıtım, tedarik, lojistik vb. durumlarda işlerin daha verimli olabilmesi ve fazladan maliyet oluşturmaması için gidilecek olan noktalardan her bir noktaya yalnızca bir kez uğrayarak en kısa yoldan başlangıç noktasına geri dönülmesidir. Bu rota hesaplanırken tur sonucunda elde edilecek maliyet diğer tüm rotalardan daha düşük olmalıdır. Problemle ilgili maliyet paylaşımı işbirlikçi oyun teorisi kullanılarak tahsis edilmiştir. Çalışmadan oyuncuların (firmaların) aralarında koalisyon kurarak maliyet paylaşımı yapmaları halinde her oyuncunun maliyetleri iki farklı maliyet tahsis yöntemi olan Shapley değeri ve nükleolus yöntemleri ile elde edilmiştir. Elde edilen sayısal sonuçlar karşılaştırıldığında Shapley değerinin nükleolus yöntemine kıyasla daha düşük maliyete sahip olduğu gözlemlenmiş ve üç oyuncunun sırasıyla maliyet azalma oranları %47,04, %48,74, %25,91 olarak hesaplanmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• İşbirlikçi Oyun Teorisi
• Tamsayılı Programlama
• Gezgin Satıcı Problemi

Kaynakça

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