DISINTEGRATION OF WASTE BIOLOGICAL SLUDGES BY MICROWAVE RADIATION BEFORE ANAEROBIC DIGESTION

Öz

The growth of population in the urban areas leads to an increase in the biological sludge production in the municipal wastewater treatment plants (WWTP). The most important problems on the biosludge management in the WWTP are the high disposal cost and legal constraint. In recent years, experimental studies have been carried out to develop more environmental friendlly and economical methods in order to reduce the amount of waste sludge production in the WWTP and increase in the biogas volume produced in an anaerobic digestion unit. The long hydraulic retention time required for the biodegradation in the anaerobic digestion reactor can be reduced by the disintegration of waste biological sludge (WBS). The disintegration of biosludge provides the release of organic and inorganic substances into the solution. An increase of organic substances concentration in the inlet of anaerobic reactor improves the digestion efficiency. In the disintegration process, a slow and partial degradable organic fractions of biosludge are converted into the readily biologically available compounds in the anaerobic digestion process. In order to improve the biogas production in the anaerobic sludge digestion, several disintegration methods such as thermal, chemical, mechanical, and advance oxidation processes or their combinations are applied. The main goal of the present review paper is to introduce the biological sludge disintegration by the microwave (MW) radiation considering the biogas production in the anaerobic digestion process. Under various operating conditions, the effectiveness of MW disintegration method was investigated in terms of heating principles, sludge disintegration, and biogas production. Additionally, the efficiency of hybrid systems such as MW/H2O2, MW/UV, etc. were compared with the singular MW radiation process.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Biosludge
• Microwaveirridiation
• Disintegration
• Methane Production

ANAEROBİK ÇÜRÜTME ÖNCESİ ATIK BİYOLOJİK ÇAMURLARIN MİKRODALGA RADYASYONU İLE DEZENTEGRASYONU

Öz

Kentsel yerleşim alanlarındaki nüfus artışı, belediye atıksu arıtma tesislerinde (AAT) biyolojik çamur üretiminde artışa neden olmaktadır. Yüksek bertaraf maliyeti ve yasal kısıtlama, AAT’nde biyolojik çamur yönetimi konusunda karşılaşılan en önemli sorunlardır. Son yıllarda, AAT'nde atık çamur üretimini azaltmak ve anaerobik çürütme ünitesinde üretilen biyogaz hacmini artırmak için daha çevreci ve ekonomik yöntemler geliştirmek amacı ile deneysel çalışmalar yapılmaktadır. Anaerobik çürütme reaktöründe biyolojik bozunma için gereken uzun hidrolik alıkonma süresi, atık biyolojik çamurun (ABÇ) dezentegrasyonu ile azaltılabilir. Biyolojik çamurun parçalanması, çözeltiye organik ve inorganik maddelerin salınmasını sağlar. Anaerobik reaktör girişindeki organik madde derişiminin artması, çürütme verimini artırır. Dezentegrasyon, biyolojik çamurun yavaş ve kısmen parçalanabilir kısmının anaerobik çürütme sürecinde, biyokütle tarafından daha kolay kullanılabilen bileşiklere dönüştürülmesini sağlar. Anaerobik çamur çürütme (AÇÇ) sürecinde, biyogaz üretim verimliliğini artırmak için termal, kimyasal, mekanik ve ileri oksidasyon işlemleri gibi biyolojik çamur dezentegrasyon yöntemleri veya bunların kombinasyonları uygulanmaktadır. Bu derleme çalışmasının temel amacı, anaerobik çamur çürütmede biyogaz üretimi dikkate alınarak biyolojik çamur dezentegrasyonunda mikrodalga radyasyon (MD) mekanizmasını tanıtmaktır. Çeşitli çalışma koşulları altında, MD ile dezentegrasyon yönteminin etkinliği, ısıtma prensipleri, çamur ayrışması, biyogaz üretimi açısından değerlendirilmiştir. Ayrıca MD/H2O2, MD/UV vd. MD ile birleşik sistem verimliliği, tekil MD radyasyon süreci ile karşılaştırılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Biyolojik Çamur
• Mikrodalga Radyasyonu
• Dezentegrasyon
• Metan Üretimi

Kaynakça

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