İNSANSIZ HAVA ARACI KULLANILARAK ANTİK KENT VE TARİHİ KERVAN YOLUNUN FOTOGRAMETRİK BELGELENMESİ: SARIHACILAR ÖRNEĞİ

Yıl 2017, Cilt: 5 Sayı: 3, 633 - 642, 25.12.2017

Emre Tercan

https://doi.org/10.21923/jesd.315232

Cited By: 11

Öz

Kültürel mirasın incelenmesi, yorumlanması ve yönetilmesi için kültürel
ve arkeolojik mirasın gerçeğe uygun ve doğru bir tasvirine sahip olmak
gerekmektedir. Malzeme kullanımındaki özen ve işçilikleriyle, taş malzeme ile
yapılan ve dünya medeniyetlerinin izlerini taşıyan antik yolların ve kentlerin
belgelenmesi ve korunması önemlidir. Düşük maliyetle yüksek doğrulukta 3B veri ve
ortofoto görüntü üretmesi sebebiyle insansız hava araçları (İHA)
kültürel miras alanlarını ölçmek için ciddi avantajlar sunmaktadır. Bu
çalışmada, sivil standartlara uygun GNSS-IMU ve otopilot destekli bir İHA
kullanılarak Osmanlı İmparatorluğu dönemine ait bir antik kent ve kervan
yolunun 80 metre uçuş yüksekliğinde örtüşmeli olarak 731 adet yüksek
çözünürlüklü görüntüsü üretilmiştir. Elde edilen görüntüler, SFM (Hareketten
Şekillendirme) algoritması ile işlenmiş, sit alanının 2.1 cm mekânsal
çözünürlüklü ortofoto görüntüsü ve 8.4 cm çözünürlüklü sayısal yükseklik modeli
üretilmiştir. İHA sisteminin doğruluğu geleneksel yersel yöntem ile test
edilmiş, aplikasyon yapılarak belirlenen aynı ölçüm noktalarında iki yöntem
arasında yaklaşık 0.4-4.3 cm aralığında kot farkı belirlenmiştir. Elde edilen
sonuçlar, antik kentler ve kervan yollarının belgelenmesinde, İHA fotogrametri
sistemlerinin detaylı ve hassas 3B veri elde etmek için uygun bir yöntem
olduğunu göstermektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

İnsansız hava aracı, Fotogrametri, Kültürel miras, Antik kent, Kervan Yolu

PHOTOGRAMMETRIC DOCUMENTATION OF ANCIENT CITY AND HISTORICAL CARAVAN ROAD BY USING UNMANNED AIR VEHICLE: SARIHACILAR EXAMPLE

Öz

It is necessary to have a proper and accurate
depiction of the cultural and archaeological heritage in order to examine,
interpret and manage cultural heritage. It is important to document and protect
the ancient roads and cities built with stone materials and bearing the traces
of world civilizations, which were built with care and workmanship in the use
of materials. Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) offer significant
advantages to survey areas of cultural heritage because they produce 3D data
and orthophoto images with high accuracy at low cost. In this study, at a flight height of 80 meters, 731
piece high-resolution overlapping images of an ancient city and a caravan road
belonging to the Ottoman Empire period were obtained by using an UAV, which is
appropriate for GNSS-IMU civil standards, and an autopilot assisted. Obtained
images were processed with SFM (Structure from motion) algorithm, and 2.1 cm
spatial resolution orthophoto image and 8.4 cm resolution digital elevation
model of the site were produced. The accuracy of the UAV system was tested with
the conventional terrestrial method, and at the same measurement points
determined by application, the height difference between the two methods was
found in the range of 0.4-4.3 cm. The results obtained show that the UAV
photogrammetry systems are suitable methods for obtaining detailed and accurate
3D data in the documentation of ancient cities and caravan roads.    

Anahtar Kelimeler

Unmanned aerial vehicle, Photogrammetry, Cultural heritage, Ancient city, Caravan road

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