AÇIK UÇLU ÇOKLU GEZGİN SATICI PROBLEMİ VE BİR ÇÖZÜM ÖNERİSİ

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 11 Sayı: 4, 1517 - 1528, 30.12.2023

Zühal Kartal

https://doi.org/10.21923/jesd.1337388

Öz

Çoklu gezgin satıcı problemi, bir tura tek bir depodan başlayan ve turu depoda bitiren m adet satıcı için her bir şehrin yalnızca bir kez ziyaret edilmesi kısıtı altında, oluşan m adet turun toplam maliyetini minimize etmeyi amaçlar. Açık uçlu çoklu gezgin satıcı probleminde ise, m adet satıcı depoya geri dönme zorunluluğu olmadan, turu en son ziyaret ettikleri şehirde tamamlarlar. Problemin amacı, m adet satıcının oluşturduğu rotaların toplam mesafesinin en küçüklenmesini sağlamaktır. Bu probleme lojistik sektöründe özellikle kargo taşımacılığında rastlanmaktadır. Bu çalışma ile, açık uçlu çoklu gezgin satıcı problemine açık kaynak kodlu yazılımlar kullanılarak bir çözüm önerisinde bulunulmuştur. İlk olarak m adet satıcının gezeceği şehirler denetimsiz makine öğrenmesi algoritmalarından K-Medoids Kümeleme Algoritmasıyla belirlenmiş, ardından En Yakın Komşuluk Algoritması ile rotalar oluşturulmuştur. Önerilen yöntemin başarısı literatürden kümelenmiş, rassal ve hibrid rassal-kümelenmiş olarak sunulmuş özellikler gösteren veri setleri üzerindeki denenerek, performansı Gurobi ticari çözücüsünden alınan optimal çözümlerle karşılaştırılmıştır. Sonuç olarak, önerilen yöntemin kabul edilebilir seviyede başarılı olduğunu ancak, farklı özellikler taşıyan veri setlerinde farklı davranışlar sergilediğini göstermektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Açık Uçlu Gezgin Satıcı Problemi, Makine Öğrenmesi, K-Medoids Algoritması, En Yakın Komşuluk Araması Algoritması.

OPEN MULTIPLE TRAVELLING SALESMAN PROBLEM AND A SOLUTION PROPOSAL

Öz

The multiple traveling salesman problem aims to minimize the total cost of m tours while visiting each city only once form sellers who start a tour from a single depot and finish the tour at the same depot. In the open multiple traveling salesman problem, m sellers complete the tour in the city they last visited without returning to the depot. The aim of the problem is to minimize the total travelled distance formed by m sellers. This problem is encountered in the logistics sector, especially in cargo transportation. In this study, a solution is proposed to solve by using open source softwares. First, the cities to be visited by m sellers are determined by the K-Medoids Clustering Algorithm which is an unsupervised machine learning algorithm, and then the routes are formed with the Nearest Neighborhood Algorithm. The performance of the proposed method was tested on datasets with different clustering characteristics such as clustered, random and a hydrid random-clustered dataset from the literature. Its performance was compared with the optimal solutions taken from the Gurobi commercial solver. The results indicate that the proposed method is reasonably successful; however, it exhibits different behaviors on datasets with distinct characteristics.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Open Multiple Travelling Salesman Problem, Machine Learning, K-Medoids Algorithm, Nearest Neighborhood Algorithm.

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