GÖMÜLÜ SABİT MIKNATISLI SENKRON MOTOR SÜRÜCÜ TASARIMI: KLİMA SİSTEMLERİNDE KULLANILAN FAN YÜKÜ UYGULAMASI

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 13 Sayı: 1, 185 - 201, 20.03.2025

Buğra Er , Okan Bingöl

https://doi.org/10.21923/jesd.1510194

Öz

Gömülü sabit mıknatıslı senkron motorlar (GSMSM), verimlerinin yüksek olması, yüksek güç yoğunluğuna sahip olmaları, düşük bakım gerektirmeleri, hızlı tepki süreleri ve yüksek dinamik performansına sahip olmalarından dolayı fan, pompa ve iklimlendirme gibi endüstriyel uygulamalarda son yıllarda yaygın olarak kullanılmaya başlamıştır. Bu motorların kontrolü için gerçek zamanlı konum ve hız bilgisi sensörlerden elde edilmektedir. Sensörlerin maliyeti, ağırlıkları ve hacimleri, güvenirliği ve dayanımları gibi durumlardan dolayı gömülü SMSM larda sensörsüz kontrol yöntemleri araştırmacılar için ilgi odağı haline gelmiştir.
Bu çalışmada, araçlardaki klima sistemlerinde kullanılmak üzere gömülü sabit mıknatıslı senkron motorların performansını ve verimini artırmak için hem motor sürücü tasarımı hem de motorun sensörsüz kontrolüne ait uygulama gerçekleştirilmiştir. Gömülü SMSM’ un hız kontrolünde alan yönlendirmeli kontrol yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Düşük maliyet, dayanıklık ve iyi performans elde edebilmek için Luenberger tipi sensörsüz kontrol yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Akım ve gerilim bilgileri kullanılarak Zıt-EMK yöntemi ile gömülü SMSM' un rotor konumu ve hız bilgisi elde edilmiştir. Gömülü SMSM klasik iki-seviyeli inverter tarafından beslenmiştir. İnverterdeki yarıiletken güç anahtarların kontrolü için uzay vektör darbe genişlik modülasyon tekniği kullanılmıştır. Deneysel sonuçlar, önerilen sensörsüz kontrol tekniğinin gömülü SMSM’ ları için endüstriyel fan uygulamalarında yüksek performans gösterdiğini doğrulamaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Gömülü SMSM, Sensörsüz Kontrol, Zıt-EMK Gözlemcisi, Motor Sürücü Tasarımı

INTERIOR PERMANENT MAGNET SYNCHRONOUS MOTOR DRIVER DESIGN: FAN LOAD APPLICATION USED IN AIR CONDITIONING SYSTEMS

Öz

Interior permanent magnet synchronous motors (IPMSMs) have gained significant popularity for industrial applications such as fans, pumps, and air conditioning system, owing to their high efficiency, power density, low maintenance, quick response, and dynamic performance. For controlling these motors, real-time position and speed data are typically obtained via sensors. However, the associated costs, added weight, increased volume, and potential reliability issues have driven interest in sensorless control methods for IPMSMs.
This study aims to enhance the performance and efficiency of an IPMSM designed for automotive air conditioning systems, in which involves the implementation of both motor driver design and sensorless control. The field-oriented control (FOC) method is employed for the speed control of the IPMSM. To maintain low costs and ensure durability and high performance, a Luenberger-type sensorless control method is used. The rotor position and speed information are derived using the Back-EMF method, based on current and voltage data. The IPMSM is driven by a conventional two-level inverter, with the SVPWM technique managing the semiconductor power switches. Experimental results confirm that proposed sensorless control technique of IPMSMs conducted the high performance in industrial fan applications.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Interior PMSM, Sensorless Control, Back-Emf Observer, Motor Drive Design

Kaynakça

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