Boyun ağrılı bireylerde aerobik ve yüksek yoğunluklu interval eğitimin solunum fonksiyonları üzerine etkisi: Randomize kontrollü çalışma

Öz

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı kronik boyun ağrısı olan bireylerde aerobik egzersiz (AE) ve yüksek yoğunluklu aralıklı antrenmanın (YYAA) solunum kas kuvveti, solunum fonksiyonları, ağrı ve özür düzeyi üzerindeki etkilerini karşılaştırmaktı. Yöntem: Randomize kontrollü tek kör bir çalışma olarak planlanan bu çalışma, 18-55 yaş aralığında (ortalama yaş 40,52±10,90) 50 kronik ağrılı bireyin randomize olarak AE (n=16), YYAA (n=16) ve kontrol grubu olarak (n=18) ayrılması ile gerçekleşti. Solunum kas kuvveti (MİP, MEP), solunum fonksiyon testleri [Zorlu hava hacmi (𝐹𝐸𝑉1), Zorlu vital kapasite (FVC), (𝐹𝐸𝑉1/FVC), maksimal ekspirasyon ortası akım hızı (𝐹𝐸𝐹%25−75), Zirve ekspiratuar akım hızı (PEF)], ağrı şiddeti (VAS) ve boyun özür indeksi değerlendirildi. Bulgular: Her iki uygulama grubu, kontrol grubuna göre MİP değerinde istatistiksel olarak anlamlı artış gösterdi (p<0.05). MEP ise yalnızca YYAA grubunda anlamlı olarak arttı (p<0.05). Solunum fonksiyon testlerinde (𝐹𝐸𝑉1, FVC, 𝐹𝐸𝑉1/FVC, 𝐹𝐸𝐹%25−75, PEF) gruplar arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı fark bulunmadı (p>0.05). Ağrı düzeyi ve özür açısından her iki egzersiz grubu benzer düzeyde iyileşme gösterdi (p<0.05). Sonuç: AE ve YYAA, kronik boyun ağrısı olan bireylerde solunum kas kuvvetini artırmada, ağrı ve özür düzeyini azaltmada etkili yaklaşımlardır. YYAA, ekspiratuar kas kuvveti üzerindeki üstün etkisiyle öne çıkmaktadır. YYAA, katılımcıların keyifli bulduğu ve uygulanabilir bir egzersiz yaklaşımı olarak kronik boyun ağrılı bireylerin rehabilitasyon protokollerine entegre edilebilir. Bu durum, egzersize uyumu artırarak hasta odaklı olumlu sonuçlara katkı sağlayabilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Solunum kasları
• Solunum fonksiyon testleri
• Boyun ağrısı
• Aerobik egzersiz
• Yüksek şiddetli aralıklı antrenman.

Effect of aerobic and high-intensity interval training on respiratory function in individuals with neck pain: A randomized controlled trial

Öz

Purpose: The aim of this study was to compare the effects of aerobic exercise (AE) and high-intensity interval training (HIIT) on respiratory muscle strength, respiratory function, pain, and disability levels in individuals with chronic neck pain. Methods: This study, designed as a randomized controlled single-blind trial, involved 50 individuals aged 18–55 years (mean age 40.52 ± 10.90) with chronic pain, who were randomly assigned to the AE group (n = 16), the YYAA group (n = 16), and the control group (n = 18). Respiratory muscle strength (MIP, MEP), respiratory function tests (Forced expiratory volume (FEV1), forced vital capacity (FVC), (FEV1/FVC), peak expiratory flow rate (PEF 25–75%), Peak expiratory flow rate (PEF), pain intensity (VAS), and neck disability index were evaluated. Results: Both intervention groups showed a statistically significant increase in MIP compared to the control group (p<0.05). MEP increased significantly only in the YYAA group (p<0.05). There was no statistically significant difference between the groups in respiratory function tests (𝐹𝐸𝑉1, FVC, 𝐹𝐸𝑉1/FVC, 𝐹𝐸𝐹%25−75, PEF) (p>0.05). Both exercise groups showed similar levels of improvement in pain level and disability (p<0.05). Conclusion: AE and YYAA are effective approaches for increasing respiratory muscle strength, and reducing pain, and disability levels in individuals with chronic neck pain. YYAA stands out for its superior effect on expiratory muscle strength. YYAA can be integrated into rehabilitation protocols for individuals with chronic neck pain as an exercise approach that participants find enjoyable and feasible. This can contribute to patient-centered positive outcomes by increasing exercise compliance.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Respiratory muscles
• Respiratory function tests
• Neck pain
• Aerobic exercise
• High-intensity interval training

Kaynakça

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