Kronik bel ve boyun ağrılı bireylerde farklı egzersiz süpervizyon yöntemlerinin egzersiz uyumuna etkisi

Öz

Amaç: Bu çalışma, kronik bel ve boyun ağrısı olan bireylerde farklı egzersiz eğitim yaklaşımlarının egzersize uyuma etkisini araştırmak amacıyla yapıldı. Yöntem: Toplam 519 hasta, kapalı zarf yöntemiyle ev egzersizi programı, fizyoterapist eşliğinde egzersiz ve takipli ev programı olmak üzere üç gruba ayrıldı. Çalışmada ev egzersiz programı grubuna tanıya özgü egzersiz broşürleri verildi. Fizyoterapist eşliğinde egzersiz grubunda egzersizler tedavi süresince birebir uygulandı. Takipli ev programı grubuna ise egzersiz eğitimi sonrası günlük kısa mesaj (SMS) ile egzersiz hatırlatmaları yapıldı. Tüm hastalara 10 seans geleneksel fizik tedavi uygulandı. Ardından her gruba farklı egzersiz eğitimleri verildi. Klinik değerlendirme için Oswestry Özürlülük İndeksi (ODI) ve Boyun Özürlülük İndeksi (NDI)’nden faydalanıldı. Egzersiz uyumu, araştırmacılar tarafından geliştirilen 5 maddelik bir form ile memnuniyet ise 0-100 skalası ile ölçüldü. Değerlendirmeler tedavi öncesi, sonrası ve 3. ayda yapıldı. Bulgular: Egzersizlerin doğruluğu takipli ev programı grubunda en yüksek, ev egzersiz grubunda ise en düşük bulundu (p<0,05). Fizyoterapist eşliğindeki grup, ev egzersizi grubuna göre anlamlı olarak daha iyi uyum gösterdi (p<0,05). Memnuniyet düzeyleri tüm gruplarda benzerdi (p>0,05). Sonuç: Egzersiz uyumunu artırmak için egzersizlerin fizyoterapistler tarafından detaylı anlatılması ve takipli sistemlerin (SMS gibi) kullanılması önerilmektedir. Elde edilen bu sonuçlar, klinik uygulamalarda hasta eğitimi ve takibinin egzersiz uyumuna katkısını desteklemektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Bel Ağrısı
• Boyun Ağrısı
• Egzersiz Tedavisi
• Hasta Uyumu

Effects of different exercise supervision methods on exercise adherence in individuals with chronic back and neck pain

Öz

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the effects of different exercise training approaches on exercise adherence in individuals with chronic low back and neck pain. Methods: A total of 519 patients were randomly assigned, using a sealed-envelope method, into three groups: home-based exercise groups, physiotherapist-led groups, and home-based follow up groups. In the home-based exercise groups, diagnosis- specific exercise brochures were provided. In the physiotherapist-led groups, exercises were demonstrated and performed one- on-one under physiotherapist supervision throughout the treatment period. In home-based follow up groups, daily text message (SMS) reminders were sent following exercise training. All participants received 10 sessions of conventional physical therapy, followed by the assigned exercise training protocol. Clinical outcomes were assessed using the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) and the Neck Disability Index (NDI). Exercise adherence was evaluated using a five-item form developed by the researchers, and satisfaction was measured on a 0–100 scale. Assessments were conducted at baseline, post-treatment, and at the third-month follow-up. Results: Exercise accuracy was highest in the home-based follow up groups and lowest in the home-based exercise groups (p<0.05). The physiotherapist-led groups demonstrated significantly greater adherence compared to the home-based exercise groups (p<0.05). Satisfaction levels were comparable across all groups (p > 0.05). Conclusion: Detailed instruction by physiotherapists and the use of monitoring systems (e.g., SMS reminders) are recommended to improve exercise adherence. These findings support the role of structured patient education and follow-up in enhancing exercise compliance in clinical practice.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Low Back Pain
• Neck Pain
• Exercise Therapy
• Patient Compliance

Kaynakça

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