Proprioseptif Nöromusküler Fasilitasyon Temelli Üst Ekstremite Egzersizlerinin Okçularda Üst Ekstremite Fiziksel Uygunluk Parametreleri ve Atış Performansına Etkisinin Araştırılması

Öz

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı skapular stabilizasyon egzersizlerine ek olarak uygulanan proprioseptif nöromusküler fasilitasyon (PNF) egzersizlerinin okçularda üst ekstremite fiziksel uygunluk parametreleri ve atış performansı üzerindeki etkilerini araştırmaktır.
Yöntem: Çalışmaya 9-14 yaş aralığında 32 okçu birey randomize olarak iki gruba ayrılarak dahil edildi. Kontrol grubuna (n=16) skapular stabilizasyon egzersizleri, Çalışma grubuna (n=16) skapular stabilizasyon egzersizlerine ek PNF egzersizleri verildi. Egzersiz protokolü, 6 hafta süresince haftada 3 kez uygulandı. Bireylerin egzersiz öncesi ve sonrasında kavrama kuvveti (El Dinamometresi), skapular kas kuvveti (el dinamometresi), üst ekstremite patlayıcı gücü (Sağlık Topu Fırlatma Testi), üst ekstremite enduransı (şınav testi) ve atış performansı değerlendirildi.
Bulgular: Kontrol grubunda egzersiz sonrası skapular kas kuvveti, üst ekstremite patlayıcı gücü ve enduransı ile atış performansı değerlerinde anlamlı düzeyde artış sağlandı (p<0,05). Çalışma grubunda skapular kas kuvveti, üst ekstremite patlayıcı gücü ve enduransı, atış performansı değerlerinde anlamlı farklılık kaydedildi (p<0,05). Gruplar arası karşılaştırma yapıldığında atış performansındaki artış çalışma grubu lehine bulundu (p<0,05).
Sonuç: Okçuların üst ekstremite fonksiyonelliği ve performansının arttırılmasında skapular stabilizasyon egzersiz eğitiminin etkili olduğu, eğitime PNF egzersizlerinin eklenmesi ile atış performansında daha fazla gelişme elde edildiği belirlendi.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Üst ekstremite
• okçuluk
• egzersiz
• fiziksel uygunluk

Investigation of the effects of proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation-based upper extremity exercises on upper extremity physical fitness parameters and shooting performance in archers

Öz

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) in addition to scapular stabilization exercises on upper limb physical parameters and shooting performance in archers.
Methods: Thirty-two archers aged between 9-14 were included in this study. Participants were randomly allocated to control or study group. Scapular stabilization exercises were given to the control group (n=16) and PNF exercises added to the study group (n=16). Participants completed a 6-week exercise protocol, three times per week. Hand grip strength (hand-held dynamometer), scapular muscle strength (Hand-Held dynamometer), upper extremity explosive power (medicine ball throw test) and endurance (push up test) and shooting performance were evaluated before and after exercises.
Results: Scapular muscle strength, upper extremity explosive power and endurance and shooting performance values were significantly increased in the control group (p<0.05). Scapular muscle strength, upper extremity explosive power and endurance, reaction time, and shooting performance values were significantly increased in the study group (p <0.05). When the control group and study group are compared, the increase of shooting performance is found in study group favor.
Conclusion: It has been shown that scapular stabilization exercise program can be effectively used in archers for improvement of upper extremity function and performance; with addition of PNF exercises to training, it was determined that more improvement was achieved in shooting performance.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Upper extremity
• Archery
• Exercise
• Physical fitness

Kaynakça

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