Sedanter kadınlarda spinning ve orta şiddetli bisiklet ergometresi eğitimlerinin diz eklemi izokinetik kas kuvveti ve dayanıklılığı üzerine etkilerinin karşılaştırılması

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 7 Sayı: 3, 230 - 238, 06.01.2021

Büşra Hande Tecer Yasin Yurt

Öz

Amaç: Amacımız sedanter kadınlarda spinning ve orta şiddetli bisiklet ergometresi eğitimlerinin diz eklemi izokinetik kas kuvveti ve dayanıklılığı üzerine etkilerini incelemekti.

Yöntem: Araştırma her iki grupta 27 sağlıklı sedanter kadın olmak üzere toplam 54 birey ile tamamlandı. Bir gruba bireysel olarak planlanmış orta şiddette bisiklet ergometresi eğitimi, diğer gruba grup egzersizi olan spinning eğitimi verildi. Eğitimler her 2 grupta da 45 dakika süre ile haftada 3 gün, 8 hafta boyunca sürdü. Diz eklemi ekstansör ve fleksör kaslarının 60°/sn ve 180°/sn açısal hızlardaki, konsantrik ve eksantrik kas kuvvetleri ve 180°/sn açısal hızdaki kassal dayanıklılık ölçümleri izokinetik dinamometre ile yapıldı.

Bulgular: Her iki eğitimin de 60°/sn ve 180°/sn açısal hızlarda konsantrik diz ekstansiyon ve fleksiyon kas kuvvetini arttırdı. 180°/sn açısal hızdaki kas kuvvet artışı spinning grubunda daha yüksekti (p<0,05). Eksantrik kuvvet ise sadece diz ekstansörlerinin 60°/sn açısal hızdaki ölçümünde bisiklet ergometresi lehine gelişim gösterse de bu etkinin büyüklüğü çok düşüktü (p<0,05, Cohen’s d<0,20). Her iki eğitim de diz eklemi ekstansiyon ve fleksiyon dayanıklılığını arttırdı (p<0,05). Diz ekstansörlerinin hem konsantrik hem de eksantrik dayanıklılık artışları spinning grubunda daha yüksekti (p<0,05).

Tartışma: Sonuçlar, orta şiddetli bisiklet ergometresi ve spinning eğitimlerinin sedanter kadınların, diz eklemi ekstansör ve fleksör kaslarının kuvvet ve dayanıklılığında artış sağladığını göstermiştir. Yüksek açısal hızlardaki kas kuvvet ve dayanıklılık artışı, spinning eğitimi alan bireylerde daha yüksektir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

diz eklemi, kas kuvveti, egzersiz, kadın

Comparison of the effects of spinning and moderate intensity cycle ergometer trainings on isokinetic knee muscle strength and endurance in sedentary females

Öz

Purpose: Our aim was to investigate of effects of spinning and moderate intensity cycle ergometer trainings on isokinetic knee muscle strength and endurance in sedentary females.

Methods: Trial was completed with total 54 individuals, 27 sedentary females for each group. One group participated in individualized cycle ergometer training, the other group did spinning as a group exercise. Trainings lasted for 8 weeks, 3 days a week with 45 minutes sessions. Concentric and eccentric muscle strength in 60°/sec and 180°/sec angle of speeds and endurance in 180°/sec of knee extensor and flexor muscles were assessed with isokinetic dynamometer.

Results: Both trainings improved concentric knee extensor and flexor muscle strengths in 60°/sec and 180°/sec angle of speeds. Muscle strength improvement in 180°/sec were better in spinning group (p<0.05). Even though the eccentric strength was only improved in 60°/sec in favour of cycle ergometer, the effect size of this improvement was too small (p<0.05, Cohen’s d<0.20). Both trainings improved knee extensor and flexor muscle endurance (p<0.05). The improvements were better in spinning group for both concentric and eccentric knee extensor endurance (p<0.05).

Conclusion: Results have shown that moderate intensity cycle ergometer and spinning trainings improve knee extensor and flexor muscle strength and endurance in sedentary females. Muscle strength and endurance improvements were higher in high angle of speeds among subjects after spinning training.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Knee joint, Muscle strength, Exercise, Female

Kaynakça

• 1. Ericson MO, Bratt A, Nisell R, et al. Load moments about the hip and knee joints during ergometer cycling. Scand J Rehabil Med. 1986;18:165-172.
• 2. Bellumori M, Uygur M, Knight CA. High-Speed Cycling Intervention Improves Rate-Dependent Mobility in Older Adults. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2017;49:106-114.
• 3. Mangione KK, McCully K, Gloviak A, et al. The effects of high-intensity and low-intensity cycle ergometry in older adults with knee osteoarthritis. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 1999;54:184-190.
• 4. Bardal EM, Roeleveld K, Mork PJ. Aerobic and cardiovascular autonomic adaptations to moderate intensity endurance exercise in patients with fibromyalgia. J Rehabil Med. 2015;47:639-646.
• 5. MacInnis MJ, Gibala MJ. Physiological adaptations to interval training and the role of exercise intensity. J Physiol. 2017;595:2915-2930.
• 6. Boutcher SH, Park Y, Dunn SL, et al. The relationship between cardiac autonomic function and maximal oxygen uptake response to high-intensity intermittent-exercise training. J Sports Sci. 2013;31:1024-1029.
• 7. Keogh JW, Grigg J, Vertullo CJ. Is high-intensity interval cycling feasible and more beneficial than continuous cycling for knee osteoarthritic patients? Results of a randomised control feasibility trial. PeerJ. 2018;6:4738.
• 8. Bouaziz W, Schmitt E, Kaltenbach G, et al. Health benefits of cycle ergometer training for older adults over 70: a review. Eur Rev Aging Phys Act. 2015;12:8.
• 9. Ozaki H, Loenneke JP, Thiebaud RS, et al. Cycle training induces muscle hypertrophy and strength gain: strategies and mechanisms. Acta Physiol Hung. 2015;102:1-22.
• 10. Rognmo O, Hetland E, Helgerud J, et al. High intensity aerobic interval exercise is superior to moderate intensity exercise for increasing aerobic capacity in patients with coronary artery disease. Eur J Cardiovasc Prev Rehabil. 2004;11:216-222.
• 11. Trapp EG, Chisholm DJ, Freund J, et al. The effects of high-intensity intermittent exercise training on fat loss and fasting insulin levels of young women. Int J Obes (Lond). 2008;32:684-691.
• 12. Liou K, Ho S, Fildes J, et al. High intensity interval versus moderate intensity continuous training in patients with coronary artery disease: A meta-analysis of physiological and clinical parameters. Heart Lung Circ. 2016;25:166-174.
• 13. Mad Dogg Atheltics I. Riding the spinner. In: Spinning Instructor Manual. Venice, Italy: Mad Dogg Athletics, Inc., 2010:1.07-19.
• 14. Verrusio W, Andreozzi P, Renzi A, et al. Efficacy and safety of spinning exercise in middle-aged and older adults with metabolic syndrome: randomized control trial. Ann Ist Super Sanita. 2016;52:295-300.
• 15. Yoon JG, Kim SH, Rhyu HS. Effects of 16-week spinning and bicycle exercise on body composition, physical fitness and blood variables of middle school students. J Exerc Rehabil. 2017;13:400-404.
• 16. Saglam M, Arikan H, Savci S, et al. International physical activity questionnaire: reliability and validity of the Turkish version. Percept Mot Skills. 2010;111:278-284.
• 17. Segerström AB, Holmback AM, Hansson O, et al. Relation between cycling exercise capacity, fiber-type composition, and lower extremity muscle strength and muscle endurance. J Strength Cond Res. 2011;25:16-22.
• 18. Thoden JS WB, MacDougall JD, Testing Aerobic Power. In: Physiological Testing of The Elite Athlete MacDougall JD, Wenger HA, Green HJ eds. Canadian Association of Sports Sciences. 1982:39-54.
• 19. Kotrlik JW, Williams HA, The incorporation of effect size in information technology, learning and performance research. Info Tech Learn Perf J. 2003;21:1-7.
• 20. Martin DT, Scifres JC, Zimmerman SD, et al. Effects of interval training and a taper on cycling performance and isokinetic leg strength. Int J Sports Med. 1994;15:485-491.
• 21. Buśko KM, Anna; Mastalerz, Andrzej. Changes of muscle torque after sprint and endurance training performed on the cycle ergometer. Biol Sport. 2008;25:275-294.
• 22. Caria MA, Tangianu F, Concu A, et al. Quantification of Spinning bike performance during a standard 50-minute class. J Sports Sci. 2007;25:421-429.
• 23. Kang J, Chaloupka EC, Mastrangelo MA, et al. Metabolic and perceptual responses during Spinning cycle exercise. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2005;37:853-859.
• 24. Battista RA, Foster C, Andrew J, et al. Physiologic responses during indoor cycling. J Strength Cond Res. 2008;22:1236-1241.
• 25. Lopez-Minarro PA, Rodriguez JMM. Heart rate and overall ratings of perceived exertion during Spinning (R) cycle indoor session in novice adults. Sci Sport. 2010;25:238-244.