NASTURTIUM OFFICINALE’NİN FİTOKİMYASAL İÇERİĞİ, ANTİOKSİDAN VE ENZİM İNHİBİTÖR ETKİLERİ

Öz

Amaç: Antidiyabetik potansiyeli olan, kilo kontrolünü sağlamaya yönelik ve antioksidan etkili yeni doğal kaynakların keşfi fitoterapi uygulamalarında önemli hedeflerden biridir. Bu çalışmada, Nasturtium officinale bitkisinin toprak üstü kısımlarının %80’lik etanol ekstresinin antioksidan, antidiyabetik, antihiperlipidemik ve antiobezite aktiviteleri değerlendirilmiştir. Ekstrenin fenolik içeriği ile ilgili kalitatif ve kantitatif analizler spektroskopik ve kromatografik yöntemler kullanılarak gerçekleştirilmiştir.

Gereç ve Yöntem: Ekstrenin antioksidan etkisini belirlemek için DPPH ve ABTS radikal süpürme aktivitesi, metal bağlama, total antioksidan kapasitesi ve indirgeyici gücü incelenmiştir. Ekstrenin antidiyabetik etki potansiyelini değerlendirmek için; α-glukozidaz ve α-amilaz enzimleri, antiobezite etki potansiyeli için pankreatik lipaz enzimi ve lipid metabolizmasındaki etki potansiyeli için pankreatik kolesterol esteraz enzimi kullanılmıştır. Ekstrenin total fenol ve flavonoit içerik analizleri için UV spektroskopisi kullanılırken fenolik bileşiklerinin kalitatif ve kantitatif analizleri için ise Ters Faz-YPSK tekniğinden faydalanılmıştır.

Sonuç ve Tartışma: Nasturtium officinale etanol ekstresi DPPH radikal süpürücü aktivite yönteminde 2 mg/ml konsantrasyonunda %81.80±1.14 oranında inhibisyona neden olurken, ekstrenin demir indirgeme gücü 0.896 ± 0.02 olarak belirlenmiştir. Antidiyabetik etki açısından, ekstre en yüksek etkinliği 2 mg/ml konsantrasyonda α-amilaz enzimini %39.11 ± 2.98 oranında inhibe ederek göstermiştir. Ekstrenin (%42.18 ± 5.22) pankreatik lipaz enzimi üzerinde orlistat’a (%65.13 ± 1.24) yakın oranda bir inhibisyon oluşturduğu tespit edilmiştir. Ters Faz-YPSK analizi sonucunda klorojenik asit, kafeik asit ve elajik asidin hem kalitatif hem kantitatif analizi yapılmıştır. Ekstrenin en fazla klorojenik asit (0.079 ± 0.000% g/100 g ekstre) içerdiği tespit edilmiştir. Bulgular, bitkinin obezite kontrolü için doğal ürün geliştirme çalışmalarına kaynak teşkil edebileceğini ve daha ileriki in vitro ve in vivo çalışmalarla bu etkinin değerlendirilebileceğine işaret ederken, ekstrenin standardizasyonunda klorojenik asitin kullanılabileceği öngörülmüştür.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Antidiyabetik
• antiobezite
• antioksidan
• Nasturtium officinale
• ters faz-YPSK

PHYTOCHEMICAL CONTENT, ANTIOXIDANT AND ENZYME INHIBITORY EFFECTS OF NASTURTIUM OFFICINALE

Öz

Objective: The discovery of new natural resources with antidiabetic potential, weight control and antioxidant effect is one of the important targets in phytotherapy applications. In this study, the antioxidant, antidiabetic, antihyperlipidemic, and antiobesity activities of 80% ethanol extract of the aerial parts of Nasturtium officinale were evaluated. Qualitative and quantitative analyzes of the phenolic content of the extract were performed using spectroscopic and chromatographic methods

Material and Method: In order to determine the antioxidant effect of the extract, DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging activity, metal chelating, total antioxidant capacity and reducing power were investigated. To evaluate the antidiabetic effect potential of the extract; α-glucosidase and α-amylase enzymes, pancreatic lipase enzyme for its antiobesity effect potential and pancreatic cholesterol esterase enzyme for its effect potential on lipid metabolism were used. While UV spectroscopy was used for total phenol and flavonoid content analysis of the extract, Reverse Phase-HPLC technique was used for qualitative and quantitative analysis of phenolic compounds.

Result and Discussion: While Nasturtium officinale ethanol extract caused 81.80 ± 1.14% inhibition at 2 mg/ml concentration in DPPH radical scavenging activity method, the ferric reducing power of the extract was determined as 0.896 ± 0.020. In terms of antidiabetic effect, the extract showed the highest efficiency by inhibiting the α-amylase enzyme at a concentration of 2 mg/ml by 39.11% ± 2.98%. It was determined that the extract (42.18 ± 5.22%) had an inhibition on pancreatic lipase enzyme close to orlistat (65.13 ± 1.24%). As a result of Reverse Phase-HPLC analysis, both qualitative and quantitative analyzes of chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid and ellagic acid were performed. It was determined that the extract contains the most chlorogenic acid (0.079 ± 0.000% g/100g extract). While the findings indicate that the plant can be a source of natural product development studies for obesity control and that this effect can be evaluated with further in vitro and in vivo studies, it is predicted that chlorogenic acid can be used in the standardization of the extract.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Antidiabetic
• antiobesity
• antioxidant
• Nasturtium officinale
• reverse phase-HPLC

Kaynakça

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