FARMASÖTİKLERDE TERBİNAFİN HCL ANTİFUNGAL ETKEN MADDESİNİN BELİRLENMESİ İÇİN BASİT VE HASSAS SPEKTROFOTOMETRİK TAYİNLER

Öz

Amaç: Bir anti-fungal ilaç olan Terbinafin HCl'nin (TBH) saf ilaç ve tabletlerde potasyum permanganat (PP) ve disodyum 2-(1,3-diokso-2,3-dihidro-1H-inden-2-il)kinolin-6,8-izülfonat (DSOQ) kullanılarak tayini için oldukça hassas, doğru, ucuz ve basit iki spektrofotometrik test geliştirilmiş ve valide edilmiştir. Gereç ve Yöntem: Bu çalışmada, ilaç olarak Sebifin ve Terbiforce 250 mg tabletler, reaktif olarak potasyum permanganat KMnO4 ve disodyum 2-(1,3-diokso-2,3-dihidro-1H-inden-2-il)kinolin-6,8- izülfonat ve absorbans ölçümleri için 1 cm eşleştirilmiş kuvars hücrelerle donatılmış DR 3900 spektrofotometre kullanılmıştır. Sonuç ve Tartışma: Asidik bir ortamda permanganat ve disodyum 2-(1,3-diokso-2,3-dihidro-1H-inden-2-il)kinolin-6,8-disülfonat ile reaksiyona giren terbinafin hidroklorür miktarı belirlenmiştir. Her iki durumda da renkli reaksiyon ürünleri sırasıyla 540 nm ve 440 nm maksimum absorpsiyonlarında ölçülmüştür. TBH konsantrasyonunun bir fonksiyonu olarak her bir deneyde ölçülen absorbans TBH konsantrasyonları ile ilişkilendirilmiştir. Deneylerin farklı deneysel ve değişken koşulları dikkatlice yapıldı, doğru bir şekilde incelendi ve optimize edildi. İki tahlilin validasyonu da Uluslararası Uyumlaştırma Konferansı'nın (ICH) güncel kılavuzları takip edilerek yapılmıştır. İki yöntem için Beer yasasına, PP ve DSOQ yöntemleri için sırasıyla 1-15 µg/ml (Korelasyon katsayısı = 0,9983) ve 1-18 µg/ml (Korelasyon katsayısı = 0,9989) konsantrasyon aralıklarında uyulmuştur. Molar absorptivite, tespit ve miktar belirleme sınırları (LOD ve LOQ) değerleri PP testi için sırasıyla (1,38×104 l/mol cm, 0,92 ve 2,78 µg/ml) ve DSOQ testi için (1,73×104 l/mol cm, 0,09 ve 0,27 µg/ml) idi. Bu iki analiz, ticari tabletlerde TBH tayini için güvenilir ve tatmin edici sonuçlarla başarıyla uygulanmıştır ve bu nedenle önerilen analizler kalite kontrol farmasötik laboratuvarlarında uygulanabilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• İyon çifti
• KMnO4
• spektrofotometri
• terbinafin HCI

SIMPLE AND SENSITIVE SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC ASSAYS FOR THE DETERMINATION OF TERBINAFINE HCL ANTIFUNGAL DRUG IN PHARMACEUTICALS

Öz

Objective: Two highly sensitive, accurate, inexpensive, and simple spectrophotometric assays were developed and validated for the determination of an anti-fungal drug, Terbinafine HCl (TBH), in pure drug and tablets using potassium permanganate (PP) and disodium 2-(1,3-dioxo-2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-2-yl)quinoline-6,8-disulfonate (DSOQ). Material and Method: In the present study, Sebifin and Terbiforce 250 mg tablets were used as pharmaceuticals, potassium permanganate KMnO4 and disodium 2-(1,3-dioxo-2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-2-yl)quinoline-6,8-disulfonate in water were used as reagents, and DR 3900 spectrophotometer equipped with 1cm matched quartz cells was used for absorbance measurements. Result and Discussion: The amount of terbinafine hydrochloride reacting with permanganate and disodium 2-(1,3-dioxo-2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-2-yl)quinoline-6,8-disulfonate in an acidic medium has been determined. The colored reaction products in both cases were measured at the maximum absorptions of 540 nm and 440 nm, respectively. The absorbance measured in each assay as a function of TBH concentration was related to TBH concentrations. Different experimental and variable conditions of assays were done carefully, accurately studied, and optimized. The validation of two assays also was done by following the current guidelines of the International Conference on Harmonization (ICH). Beer’s law for the two methods is obeyed over the concentration ranges 1-15 µg/ml (Correlation coefficient = 0.9983) and 1-18 µg/ml (Correlation coefficient = 0.9989) for methods PP and DSOQ, respectively. Molar absorptivity, limits of detection, and quantification (LOD & LOQ) values were (1.38×104 l/ mol cm, 0.92 & 2.78 µg/ml) for PP assay, and (1.73×104 l/ mol cm, 0.09 & 0.27 µg/ml) for DSOQ assay, respectively. The two assays were successfully applied for the determination of TBH in commercial tablets with reliable and satisfactory results, and hence the proposed assays can be applied in pharmaceutical laboratories of quality control.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Ion-pair
• KMnO4
• spectrophotometry
• terbinafine HCl

Kaynakça

1. 1. Drug Bank web site (2023) from https://go.drugbank.com/salts/DBSALT000470. Accessed date: 19.08.2023.
2. 2. Kanakapura, B., Penmatsa, V.K. (2016). Analytical methods for determination of terbinafine hydrochloride in pharmaceuticals and biological materials. Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis, 6(3), 137-149. [CrossRef]
3. 3. Gupta, I., Adin, S.N., Aqil, M., Mujeeb, M., Sultana, Y. (2022). Investigation on utility of some novel terpenes on transungual delivery of terbinafine for the management of onychomycosis. Dermatology Practical Conceptual, e2022202. [CrossRef]
4. 4. Yuen, M.V., Gianturco, S.L., Pavlech, L.L., Storm, K.D., Mattingly, A.N. (2021). Terbinafine hydrochloride: Summary Report. University of Maryland School of Pharmacy, USA, p. 5.
5. 5. United States Pharmacopeia (2023). USP Monographs, Terbinafine hydrochloride. USP-NF. Rockville, MD: United States Pharmacopeia. [CrossRef]
6. 6. British Pharmacopoeia Commission Office. (2022). Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency, volume II, London, UK. p. 1095.
7. 7. The European Pharmacopeia (EP). (2011). European Directorate for the Quality of Medicines & Health Care (EDQM). 7th ed. Strasbourg, France: Council of Europe; pp. 3047-3048.
8. 8. Cardoso, S.G., Schapoval, E.E.S. (1999). UV spectrophotometry and nonaqueous determination of terbinafine hydrochloride in dosage forms. Journal of AOAC International, 82(4), 830-833. [CrossRef]

9. 9. Faridbod, F., Ganjali, M.R., Norouzi, P. (2013). Potentiometric PVC membrane sensor for the determination of Terbinafine. International Journal of Electrochemical Science, 8(5), 6107-6117. [CrossRef]
10. 10. Ali, T., Mohamed, G., Abd El-Hamid, N. (2021). Potentiometric determination of mevacaine hydrochloride local anesthetic drug in pharmaceutical and biological fluids using ion selective electrode. Egyptian Journal of Chemistry, 5, 80-92. [CrossRef]
11. 11. Samy, A.I., Sayed, S.A., Haroon, A.A. (2005). Conductimetric determination of cyproheptade, cetirizie, and terbinafine hydrochloride through the formation of ion-associates with manganese and zinc thiocyanate complexes. Journal of Drug Research of Egypt, 26(1-2), 139-143.
12. 12. Mielech-Łukasiewicz, K., Dąbrowska, A. (2014). Comparison of boron-doped diamond and glassy carbon electrodes for determination of terbinafine in pharmaceuticals using differential pulse and square wave voltammetry. Analytical Letters, 47(10), 1697-1711. [CrossRef]
13. 13. Jain, P.S., Chaudhari, A.J., Patel, S.A., Patel, Z.N., Patel, D.T. (2011). Development and validation of the UV-spectrophotometric method for determination of terbinafine hydrochloride in bulk and in formulation. Pharmaceutical Methods, 2(3), 198-202. [CrossRef]
14. 14. Vamsi, K.P., Basavaiah, K. (2013). Stability indicating UV-spectrophotometric assay of terbinafine hydrochloride in dosage forms. International Journal of ChemTech Research, 5(5), 2645-2655.
15. 15. Goswami, P.D. (2013). Validated spectrophotometric method for the estimation of terbinafine hydrochloride in bulk and in tablet dosage form using inorganic solvent. Der Pharmacia Lettre, 5(3), 386-390.
16. 16. Patel, K.K., Marya, B.H., Kakhanis, V.V. (2012). Spectrophotometric determination and validation for terbinafine hydrochloride in pure and in tablet dosage form. Der Pharmacia Lettre, 4(4),1119-1122.
17. 17. Belal, F., Sharaf El-Din, M.K., Eid, M.I., El-Gamal, R.M. (2013). Spectrofluorimetric determination of terbinafine hydrochloride and linezolid in their dosage forms and human plasma. Journal of Fluorescence, 23(5), 1077-1087. [CrossRef]
18. 18. Felix, F.S., Ferreira, L.M.C., Rossini, P., do Lago, C.L., Angnes, L. (2012). Quantification of terbinafine in pharmaceutical tablets using capillary electrophoresis with contactless conductivity detection and batch injection analysis with amperometric detection. Talanta, 101, 220-225. [CrossRef]
19. 19. Mikus, P., Valaskova, I., Havranek, E. (2005). Determination of terbinafine in pharmaceuticals and dialyzates by capillary electrophoresis. Talanta, 65(4), 1031-1037. [CrossRef]
20. 20. Ramesh, R.R., Bujji, B.N. (2011). Simultaneous analysis of RP-HPLC method development and validation of terbinafine and bezafibrate drugs in pharmaceutical dosage form. Pharmacophore, 2(4), 232-238.
21. 21. Penmatsa, V.K., Basavaiah, K. (2014). Simple, sensitive and stability indicating high performance liquid chromatographic assay of terbinafine hydrochloride in dosage forms. American Journal of PharmTech Research, 4(2), 899-916.
22. 22. Patel, K.K. (2012). A validated RP-HPLC method for determination of terbinafine hydrochloride in pharmaceutical solid dosage form. International Journal of Pharmacy and Technology, 4(3), 4663-4669.
23. 23. Domadiya, V., Singh, R., Kumar Jat, R., Chokshi, R. (2012). Method development and validation for assay of terbinafine HCl in cream by RP-HPLC method. Inventi Rapid: Pharm Analysis & Quality Assurance, 3, 131-145.
24. 24. Kassem, H., Almardini, M.A. (2013). High performance liquid chromatography method for the determination of terbinafine hydrochloride in semi solids dosage form. International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences Review and Research, 21, 58-61.
25. 25. Goswami, P.D. (2013). Stability-indicating RP-HPLC method for analysis of terbinafine hydrochloride in bulk and in tablet dosage form. International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 5, 536-540.
26. 26. Tagliari, M.P., Kuminek, G., Borgmann, S.H.M., Bertol, C.D., Cardoso, S.G., Stulzer, H.K. (2010). Terbinafine: Optimization of a LC method for quantitative analysis in pharmaceutical formulations and its application for a tablet dissolution test. Química Nova, 33(8), 1790-1793. [CrossRef]
27. 27. Florea, M., Arama, C.C., Monciu, C.M. (2009). Determination of terbinafine hydrochloride by ion-pair reversed phase liquid chromatography. Farmacia, 57, 82-88.
28. 28. Gopal, P.N., Hemakumar, A.V., Padma, S.V.N. (2008). Reversed-phase HPLC method for the analysis of terbinafine in pharmaceutical dosage forms. Asian Journal of Chemistry, 20(1), 551-555.
29. 29. El-Gendy, H., Zarad, W., Bazan, L., Ali, A., Aboulella, Y., Kamal, M., Emara, S., Shawky, A. (2022). Rapid back flushed direct sample injection bio-analytical HPLC-UV method for therapeutic drug monitoring of terbinafine. Analytical Biochemistry, 659, 114951. [CrossRef]
30. 30. Belal, F., Sharaf El-Din, M.K., Eid, M.I., El-Gamal, R.M. (2016). Micellar liquid chromatography coupled with fluorometric detection for the determination of terbinafine in dosage forms and plasma. Journal of Chromatography & Separation Techniques, 08(06). [CrossRef]
31. 31. Grishma, H.P., Faiz, S.B., Dhananjay, B.M. (2021). RP-HPLC method development and validation for simultaneous estimation of terbinafine hydrochloride and fluticasone propionate in their formulation. Annals of Pharma Research, 9(11), 579-587.
32. 32. Manjusha, V., Sreenivasa, P., Thejomoorthy, K. (2021). Stability indicating method development and validation for the estimation of terbinafine and itraconazole in api and tablet dosage form by RP-HPLC. World Journal of Pharmaceutical and Medical Research, 7(6), 322-332.
33. 33. Florea, M., Monciu, C.M. (2008). Spectrophotometric determination of terbinafine through ion-pair complex formation with methyl orange. Farmacia, 56, 393-401.
34. 34. Elazazy, M.S., El-Mammli, M.Y., Shalaby, A., Ayad, M.M. (2008). Application of certain ion-pairing reagents for extractive spectrophotometric determination of flunarizine hydrochloride, ramipril, and terbinafine hydrochloride. Biosciences Biotechnology Research Asia, 5(1), 107-114.
35. 35. Chennaiah, M., Veeraiah, T., Kumar, T.V., Venkareshwarlu, G. (2012). Extractive spectrophotometric methods for determination of terbinafine hydrochloride in pharmaceutical formulation using some acidic triphenylmethane dyes. Indian Journal of Chemical Technology, 19(3), 218-221.
36. 36. Qarah, N.A.S., Basavaiah, K., Swamy, N., Chandrashekar, U. (2015). Assay of terbinafine hydrochloride by extractive-spectrophotometry with alizarin red S - a modified approach. Eurasian Journal of Analytical Chemistry, 10(1), 34-45.
37. 37. Qarah, N.A.S., Basavaiah, K., Swamy, N. (2016). Ion-pair extractive spectrophotometric assay of terbinafine hydrochloride in pharmaceuticals and spiked urine using bromocresol purple. Journal of Applied Spectroscopy, 83(4), 694-702. [CrossRef]
38. 38. Afaf, A.E., Hanaa, M.S., Magda, M.E., Basma, E.G. (2015) Spectrophotometric determination of terbinafine HCl and telmisartan using potassium permanganate. International Journal of Pharmaceutical Chemical and Biological Sciences, 5(1), 361-371.
39. 39. Afaf, A.E., Hanaa, M.S., Magda, M.E., Basma, E.G. (2014) Spectrophotometric determination of terbinafine HCl, telmisartan and ramipril through redox reactions using ceric sulphate and ceric sulphate-chromattrope 2R. International Journal of Pharmaceutical Chemical and Biological Sciences, 5(1), 931-943.
40. 40. Afaf, A.E., Hanaa, M.S., Magda, M.E., Basma, E.G. (2015) Spectrophotometric determination of terbinafine HCl, telmisartan and ramipril through redox reactions using bromate-bromide mixture. International Journal of Pharmaceutical Chemical and Biological Sciences, 5(1), 328-346.
41. 41. Vogel, A.I. (1989). Vogel's Text-book of Quantitative Inorganic Analysis, Longman Group UK Limited, London, England, p. 370-377.
42. 42. The United States Pharmacopeial Convention web site. (2020). From https://onlineuspnf.nf.com/ Accessed date 10.08.2023.