GLUCOSE-SENSITIVE HYDROGELS IN THE TREATMENT OF DIABETES

Öz

Objective: In this review, it is aimed to classify and introduce glucose-sensitive hydrogels prepared for the treatment of insulin-dependent diabetes patients. The insulin release mechanisms of these hydrogels prepared from various glucose-sensitive materials and their efficacy in diabetes treatment are focused on. Result and Discussion: Insulin dependent diabetes patients should be given sufficient amount of insulin when needed. Otherwise, various complications occur in the patient whose blood glucose levels cannot be kept within the normal range. Glucose-sensitive materials, glucose oxidase, concanavalin A, or phenylboronic acid can be integrated into hydrogels to develop therapeutic systems that can mimic the blood glucose concentration-dependent insulin release profiles of the pancreas. Hydrogels containing glucose-sensitive material can respond to the changing blood glucose levels of the diabetic patient. Glucose-sensitive macro, micro and nano-sized hydrogels and composite hydrogels that can be administered to patients in different ways for diabetes treatment have been prepared. These hydrogels, which can regulate insulin release with an on-off mechanism, have the potential to manage blood glucose in patients in the treatment of diabetes.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Diabetes
• glucose-sensitive hydrogel
• insulin

DİYABET TEDAVİSİNDE GLUKOZA DUYARLI HİDROJELLER

Öz

Amaç: Bu derlemede, insüline bağımlı diyabet hastalarının tedavisi için hazırlanmış glukoza duyarlı hidrojeller sınıflandırılarak tanıtılması amaçlanmıştır. Çeşitli glukoza duyarlı malzemelerden hazırlanan bu hidrojellerin insülin salım mekanizmaları ve diyabet tedavisindeki etkinlikleri üzerine odaklanılmıştır. Sonuç ve Tartışma: İnsüline bağımlı diyabet hastalarına ihtiyaç anında ve yeterli miktarda insülin verilmelidir. Aksi takdirde, kan glukoz seviyeleri normal aralıkta tutulamayan hastada çeşitli komplikasyonlar ortaya çıkar. Pankreasın kan glukoz konsantrasyonuna bağımlı insülin salım profillerini taklit edebilen terapötik sistemlerin geliştirilmesi için glukoza duyarlı malzemeler olan glukoz oksidaz (GOx), konkanavalin A (Con A) veya fenilboronik asit (PBA) hidrojellere entegre edilebilir. Glukoza duyarlı malzeme içeren hidrojeller, diyabetik hastanın değişen kan glukoz seviyelerine yanıt verebilirler. Diyabet tedavisi için hastaya farklı yollarla uygulanabilecek glukoza duyarlı makro, mikro ve nano boyutlarda hidrojeller ve kompozit hidrojeller hazırlanmıştır. Bir açma kapama mekanizmasıyla insülin salımını ayarlayabilen bu hidrojeller, diyabet tedavisinde hastaların kan glukozunu yönetme potansiyeline sahiptirler.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Diyabet
• glukoza duyarlı hidrojel
• insülin

Kaynakça

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