KARDİYOVASKÜLER SİSTEM HASTALIKLARINDA KALSİYUM KANAL BLOKÖRLERİ

Öz

Amaç: Kalsiyum kanal blokörü bileşiklerin (KKB'ler) kalsiyum girişini engelleyerek ve voltaja bağlı kalsiyum kanallarında tanımlanan bağlanma bölgeleriyle etkileşime girerek arterlerin kasılmasını azalttıkları gösterilmiştir. Bu bileşikler toplam periferik direnci azaltarak arteriyel basıncı düşürür. Kalbin yükünü boşaltarak ve koroner kan akışını artırarak miyokard oksijenlenmesini iyileştirir. Bu çalışmada kalsiyum kanal yapısı, alt tipleri ve özellikleri; KKB'lerin sınıflandırılması, yapı-aktivite ilişkileri, kimyasal yapısı, metabolizması, farmakolojik özellikleri, bunların kardiyovasküler bozukluklar için yerleşik terapötik kullanımları ve genel terapötik endikasyonları hakkında bilgi verilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Sonuç ve Tartışma: Hipertansiyonun etkili tedavisi, hipertansiyona bağlı kardiyovasküler ve böbrek hastalıklarının yükünü azaltmak için önemli bir stratejiyi temsil eder. Rasyonel, entegre ve sinerjik kombinasyon tedavileri, birinci basamak strateji olarak önerilen kan basıncı hedeflerine ulaşmayı amaçlamıştır. Hipertansiyonun klinik tedavisi için halihazırda mevcut olan olası antihipertansif ilaç sınıfları içinde, hem monoterapi hem de kombinasyon terapisinde, renin-anjiyotensin sistemini inhibe eden ilaçların ve kalsiyum kanal blokörlerinin (KKB'ler), kan basıncı seviyelerini düşürmede ve hedefe ulaşmada etkili aynı zamanda güvenli olduğu gösterilmiştir. İyi bir tolere edilebilirlik profiline sahip olan KKB'ler kan basıncını düşürmedeki etkinlikleri, hipertansiyonun kardiyovasküler ve renal sonuçlarını azaltmaya yönelik çok sayıda bilimsel kanıt nedeniyle son 20 yılda en yaygın kullanılan antihipertansif sınıflarından biri olmuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Hipertansiyon
• kalsiyum kanalları
• kalsiyum kanal blokörleri
• kalsiyum kanal tipleri

CALCIUM CHANNEL BLOCKERS IN CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM DISEASES

Öz

Objective: Calcium calcium channel blockers (CCBs) have been shown to reduce arterial constriction by blocking calcium entry and interacting with binding sites identified on voltage-gated calcium channels. These compounds reduce arterial pressure by reducing total peripheral resistance. They improve myocardial oxygenation by disloading the heart and increasing coronary blood flow. In this study, an exploration has been undertaken concerning the makeup, variations, and attributes of calcium channels. Furthermore, an examination has been conducted regarding the categorization of compounds that block calcium channels, encompassing their molecular structure, mechanism of aciton, structure-activity relationships, metabolic pathways, recognized therapeutic applications in cardiovascular conditions, and broader therapeutic implications. Result and Discussion: Hypertension represents a substantial strategy to reduce the burden of cardiovascular and renal diseases associated with hypertension. Rational, integrated, and synergistic combination therapies which are recommended as a first-line strategy aimed at achieving the blood pressure targets. Among the currently available classes of antihypertensive drugs for the clinical treatment of hypertension, both in monotherapy and combination therapy, it has been shown that drugs inhibiting the renin-angiotensin system and calcium channel blockers (CCBs) are effective and safe in lowering and reaching the target blood pressure levels. Due to extensive scientific evidence demonstrating their efficacy in mitigating cardiovascular and renal complications linked to hypertension, calcium channel blockers have gained widespread use as a preferred class of antihypertensive medications over the last two decades, primarily attributed to their favorable tolerability profile.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Calcium channels
• calcium channel blockers
• hypertension
• types of calcium channels

Kaynakça

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