AKŞAM ÇUHA ÇİÇEĞİ (OENOTHERA BIENNIS L.) YAĞI: KİMYASAL İÇERİĞİ VE FARMAKOLOJİK ETKİLERİAKŞAM ÇUHA ÇİÇEĞİ (OENOTHERA BIENNIS L.) YAĞI: KİMYASAL İÇERİĞİ VE FARMAKOLOJİK ETKİLERİ

Öz

Amaç: Oenothera biennis L. (Akşam çuha çiçeği) (Onagraceae) türü iki yıllık otsu bir bitki olup Kuzey Amerika, Asya, Avrupa, Güney Afrika ve Avustralya da yayılış gösterir. O. biennis üzerinde en çok araştırma yapılan türdür. Tohumlarından elde edilen yağ ticari olarak Evening Primrose Oil (EPO) olarak adlandırılır. Bu çalışmada; türün botanik özellikleri, yayılışı, yerel isimleri, geleneksel kullanımları ve yağın kimyasal içeriği ve farmakolojik etkileri üzerine yapılan çalışmalar, etkileşim, yan etki ve kontrendikasyonlar, doz ve formülasyon ile ilgili çalışmaların derlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Sonuç ve Tartışma: Tohumlar ve yağ biyolojik olarak aktif bileşiklerin kaynağıdır. Yağın; öksürük, egzama, gastrointestinal problemler, meme problemleri, premenstrüel/menopozal sendromların tedavisinde kullanımları halk tıbbında kayıtlıdır. Tohumlar ayrıca protein, amino asit, karbonhidrat, mineral, vitamin içerir. Yağ; γ-linolenik asit içeriği ile dikkat çeker. Farklı kaynaklardan elde edilebilmesine rağmen biyolojik olarak en aktif formu içerir. Diyabetik-periferik nöropati, dikkat eksikliği/hiperaktivite bozukluğu, Sjögren sendromu, menopoz semptomları, osteoporoz, premenstrüel sendrom, sedef hastalığı, alkolizm, egzama, alerji, romatoid artrit, tüberküloz, kalp hastalığı ve ülser durumlarında yağın kullanımı listelemiştir. Doğal İlaçlar Kapsamlı Veritabanı; endometriozis, multipl skleroz, şizofreni, Alzheimer, yorgunluk, ülseratif-kolit, astım, irritabl-bağırsak sendromu, preeklampsinin önlenmesi, doğumun uyarılması/hızlandırılması ve geç doğumların önlenmesinde yağın kullanımını önermiştir. Yağ üzerinde çok sayıda araştırma yapılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Akşam çuha çiçeği
• EPO
• γ-linolenik asit
• farmakolojik etki
• Oenothera biennis L.

Etik Beyan

Yazarlar bu çalışma için etik kurul onayının zorunlu olmadığını beyan etmektedir.

EVENING PRIMROSE (OENOTHERA BIENNIS L.) OIL: CHEMICAL CONTENT AND PHARMACOLOGICAL EFFECTS

Öz

Objective: Oenothera biennis L. (Evening Primrose)(Onagraceae) is a biennial herbaceous plant that is widespread in North America, Asia, Europe, South Africa, and Australia. O. biennis is the most studied species. The seed oil is commercially called Evening Primrose Oil (EPO). This review aims to compile the botanical characteristics of the species, its distribution, local names, traditional uses, and chemical content and studies on the pharmacological effects of the oil, interactions, side effects and contraindications, dosage and formulation. Result and Discussion: The seeds and oil are sources of biologically active compounds. The use of oil in the treatment of cough, eczema, gastrointestinal problems, breast problems, and premenstrual-menopausal syndromes is reported in folk medicine. The seeds also contain proteins, amino acids, carbohydrates, minerals, vitamins. The oil attracts attention with its γ-linolenic acid content. Although it can be obtained from different sources, it contains the most biologically active form. Uses of the oil in diabetic-peripheral neuropathy, attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder, Sjögren syndrome, menopausal symptoms, osteoporosis, premenstrual syndrome, psoriasis, alcoholism, eczema, allergies, rheumatoid arthritis, tuberculosis, heart disease, and ulcers are listed. The Natural Medicines Comprehensive Database has recommended the use of the oil in the prevention of endometriosis, multiple sclerosis, schizophrenia, Alzheimer's, fatigue, ulcerative-colitis, asthma, irritable-bowel, preeclampsia, induction/acceleration of labor and prevention of late labor. Numerous studies have been performed on the oil.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Evening primrose
• EPO
• γ-linolenic acid
• pharmacological effect
• Oenothera biennis L.

Kaynakça

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