CHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF VIBURNACEAE PLANTS: SAMBUCUS NIGRA L. AND VIBURNUM OPULUS L.

Öz

Objective: Plants of Viburnaceae family, including Sambucus nigra L. (elderberry) and Viburnum opulus L. (guelder berry), are known for their rich phytochemical composition, bioactive properties, and therapeutic applications. The objective of this study was to evaluate the antioxidant potential and phytochemical content of fruit juices of S. nigra and V. opulus.

Material and Method: Bioactivity was evaluated using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl and Cupric Ion Reducing Antioxidant Capacity methods, while total phenolic and flavonoid contents were assessed via Folin-Ciocalteu and a spectrophotometric method based on aluminum chloride complexation, respectively.

Result and Discussion: Fruit juice of V. opulus demonstrated greater radical scavenging capacity (664.17 ± 10.27 µmol/g) and Cu(II)-reducing activity (806.11 ± 9.93 mmol/g) compared to that of S. nigra (89.17 ± 6.24 µmol/g and 456.27 ± 3.33 mmol/g, respectively). This enhanced antioxidant potential is likely associated with its higher total phenolic content. In contrast, S. nigra exhibited flavonoid content than V. opulus, indicating that flavonoids may contribute differently to bioactivity profiles. A total of 41 compounds were identified using QTOF-LC-MS/MS, providing further insight into the phytochemical diversity of both species. The major compounds included the flavonoids rutin, quercetin, and herbacetin, as well as the phenolic acids chlorogenic acid and caffeic acid.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Flavonoid
• free radical scavenger
• phenolic
• phytochemical

Destekleyen Kurum

Council of Higher Education (YÖK) – Research Universities Support Program (ADEP)

Proje Numarası

37113

Etik Beyan

The authors declare that the ethics committee approval is not required for this study.

Teşekkür

We would like to express our sincere gratitude to the Directorate of Agricultural Service of Büyükçekmece Municipality for providing the elderberry samples used in this study. We also extend our thanks to Dr. Kübra Uzun for generously providing guelder berry samples and to Ege University Central Research Test and Analysis Laboratory Application and Research Center (EGE MATAL) for the spectroscopic analysis. The initial findings of this research were presented at BIHAT (Bitkisel İlaç Hammaddeleri Toplantısı – Plant Originated Crude Drug Symposium) in November 2024, in Lefkoşa, Cyprus. This research is partially funded by the Council of Higher Education (YÖK) – Research Universities Support Program (ADEP) under grant number 37113.

VİBURNACEAE FAMİLYASINA MENSUP OLAN SAMBUCUS NİGRA L. VE VİBURNUM OPULUS L. BİTKİLERİNİN KİMYASAL KARAKTERİZASYONU VE ANTİOKSİDAN AKTİVİTESİ

Öz

Amaç: Viburnaceae familyasına ait bitkilerden Sambucus nigra L. (mürver) ve Viburnum opulus L. (gilaburu), zengin fitokimyasal bileşimleri, biyolojik aktiviteleri ve terapötik kullanımlarıyla bilinmektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, S. nigra ve V. opulus meyve sularının antioksidan potansiyelini ve fitokimyasal içeriğini değerlendirmektir.

Gereç ve Yöntem: Biyolojik aktivite, 1,1-difenil-2-pikrilhidrazil (DPPH) serbest radikal süpürücü testi ve Bakır (II) iyon indirgeme kapasitesi (CUPRAC) yöntemi ile değerlendirilmiştir. Toplam fenolik içeriği Folin-Ciocalteu yöntemiyle; toplam flavonoid içeriği ise alüminyum klorür kompleksine dayalı spektrofotometrik yöntemle belirlenmiştir.

Sonuç ve Tartışma: V. opulus meyve suyu, S. nigra'ya kıyasla belirgin şekilde daha yüksek radikal süpürücü kapasitesi (664,17 ± 10,27 µmol/g) ve Cu (II) indirgeme aktivitesi (806,11 ± 9,93 mmol/g) göstermiştir. Bu yüksek antioksidan potansiyelin, V. opulus meyvelerindeki daha yüksek toplam fenolik içeriği ile ilişkili olduğu düşünülmektedir. Öte yandan, S. nigra, V. opulus'a göre daha yüksek flavonoid içeriğine sahiptir. Bu durum, flavonoidlerin biyolojik aktiviteye farklı yollarla katkı sağlayabileceğini göstermektedir. Quadrupole time-of-flight sıvı kromatografi-tandem kütle spektrometresi (QTOF-LC-MS/MS) ile toplam 41 bileşik tanımlanmıştır. Tespit edilen ana bileşikler arasında flavonoidler (rutin, kuersetin ve herbasetin) ile fenolik asitler (klorojenik asit ve kafeik asit) yer almaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Fenolik
• fitokimyasal
• flavonoid
• serbest radikal temizleyici

Proje Numarası

37113

Kaynakça

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