SİTOTOKSİSİTE ÇALIŞMALARINDA KÖK HÜCRE

Öz

Amaç: Kök hücreler; sınırsız çoğalabilen, kendilerini yenileyebilen, bütün doku ve organları meydana getiren ana hücrelerdir. Farklı hücrelere dönüşebilme özelliğine sahip olan kök hücreler, hasarlı dokuyu tamir edebilme yeteneğine sahiptirler. Bu amaçla, kök hücreler, hücre temelli terapötik stratejileri geliştirmek için kapsamlı bir şekilde araştırılmaktadır. Bu yönde yapılan araştırmalarla kök hücre tedavisinin, kansere karşı korunma ve tedavisinde kullanılması oldukça umut vericidir. Bu nedenle, 21. yüzyılın en ilgi çeken alanlarından biri halini almıştır.

Sonuç ve Tartışma: Bu derlemede, sitotoksisite çalışmalarında kök hücrelerin olası fonksiyonel rolünü özetlemek amaçlanmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• kanser,kök hücre,sitotoksisite

STEM CELLS IN CYTOTOXICITY STUDIES

Öz

Objective: Stem cells; are the main cells that make up all the tissues and organs. They can reproduce themselves, which can multiply indefinitely. The stem cells, which can turn into different cells, have the ability to repair damaged tissue. Stem cells are being extensively explored to develop cell-based therapeutic strategies. It is very promising to use stem cell therapy in the prevention and treatment of cancer with the researches carried out in this direction. For this reason, stem cell studies have become one of the most interesting areas of the 21st century.

Result and Discussion: In this review, it is aimed to summarize the possible functional role of stem cells in cytotoxicity studies.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• cancer,cytotoxicity,stem cell

Kaynakça

1. Tekeli, S., Arısu Naghavi, E., Gökçe, B., Sır, G., Yiğittürk, G., Çavuşoğlu, T., Uyanıkgil Y. (2016). Kök hücreler; mezenkimal kök hücreler ve güncel klinik uygulamaları. FNG & Bilim Tıp Transplantasyon Dergisi, 1(2), 72-83.
2. Kıvanç, M., Öztürk, Ş., Gökalp, S., Özdemir, İ., Tuğlu, İ. (2015). Adipoz Kaynaklı Kök Hücreler ve Uygulama Alanları. Cukurova Medical Journal, 40(3), 399-408.
3. Can, A. (2014). Kök Hücre, Biyolojisi Türleri ve Tedavide Kullanımları. Akademisyen Kitabevi, Ankara, p. 327-426.
4. Ren, F., Wang, K., Zhang, T., Jiang, J., Nice, E. C., Huang, C. (2015). New insights into redox regulation of stem cell self-renewal and differentiation. General Subjects, 1850 (8), 1518 - 1526.
5. Can, A. (2008). A Concise Review on the Classification and Nomenclature of Stem Cells. Turkish Journal of Haematology, 25, 57-59.
6. Gentry, S.N., Jackson, TL. (2013). A Mathematical Model of Cancer Stem Cell Driven Tumor Initiation: Implications of Niche Size and Loss of Homeostatic Regulatory Mechanisms. Plos One, 8(8), e71128.
7. Türkiye Bilimler Akademisi. (2009). Kök Hücre Biyolojisi ve Klinik Uygulamalar. Türkiye Bilimler Akademisi, Ankara.
8. Sağsöz, H., Ketani, M.A. (2008). Kök hücreler. Dicle Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi, 2, 29-33.

9. Şahin, E. (2015). Resveratrol İle Muamele Edilmiş Yağ Dokusu Kaynaklı Mezenşimal Kök Hücre Sitokinlerinin A549 Kanser Hücresine Etkilerinin Araştırılması (Doktora Tezi), Osmangazi Üniversitesi, Eskişehir.
10. Bianco, P., Robey, P.G., Simmons, P.J. (2008). Mesenchymal Stem Cells: Revisiting History, Concepts, and Assays. Cell Stem Cell, 2(4), 313-319.
11. Boston Children’s Hospital Web site. (2017) Adult Stem Cells 101 Retrieved April 27, 2017, from http://stemcell.childrenshospital.org/about-stem-cells/adult-somatic-stem-cells-101/what-are-progenitor-cells/
12. Özkalemkaş, F. (Ekim, 2003). Nedir Bu Hematopoetik Kök Hücre? XXX. Ulusal Hematoloji Kongresi III. Hematoloji İlk Basamak Kursu, 77-83.
13. Glauche, I., Bystrykh, L., Eaves, C., Roeder, I. (2013). Stem cell clonality-Theoretical concepts, experimental techniques, and clinical challenges. Blood Cells, Molecules, and Diseases, 50(4), 232-240.
14. Kirschstein, RL. (2001). Stem cells: scientific progress and future research directions. National Institutes of Health, Washington: Department of Health and Human Services. Terese Winslow, p.5-10.
15. Euro Stem Cell Web site. (2016). Types of stem cells and their uses. Retrieved May 22, 2017, from http://www.eurostemcell.org/types-stem-cells-and-their-uses
16. Takahashi, K., Yamanaka, S. (2006). Induction of pluripotent stem cells from mouse embryonic and adult fibroblast cultures by defined factors. Cell, 126(4), 663-676.
17. Euro Stem Cell Web site. Retrieved May 5, 2017, from http://www.eurostemcell.org/embryonic-stem-cell-research-ethical-dilemma
18. Şener, N. (2012). Kök Hücre Araştırmaları, Etik ve Yasal Tartışmalar. Hukuk Gündemi, 1, 54-57.
19. Washington Post Web site. (2010) Retrieved April 25, 2017, from http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2010/04/27/AR2010042703360.html
20. Ural, A.U. (2006). Hematopoetik Kök Hücre. Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Surgical Medical Sciences, 2(43), 5-10.
21. Menon, S., Shailendra, S., Renda, A., Longaker, M., Quarto, N. (2016). An Overview of Direct Somatic Reprogramming: The Ins and Outs of iPSCs. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 17, 1.
22. Özel, H.B., Ozan, E., Dabak, Ö. (2008). Embriyonik Kök Hücreler. Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Medical Science, 28, 333-341.
23. Harvard University Web site. (2014). Retrieved May 4, 2017, from http://sitn.hms.harvard.edu/flash/2014/stem-cells-a-brief-history-and-outlook-2/
24. Hui, H., Tang, Y., Hu, M., Zhao, X. (2011). Stem Cells: General Features and Characteristics, Gholamrezanezhad, A. (Ed.), Stem Cells in Clinic and Research, (pp. 3-20). INTECH Open Access Publisher.
25. Scadden, D.T., Raaijmakers, M.H. (2015). Overview of stem cells. UpToDate. Retrieved April 27, 2017, from https://www.uptodate.com/contents/overview-of-stem-cells
26. Kalra, K., Tomar, P.C. (2014). Stem Cell: Basics, Classification and Applications. American Journal of Phytomedicine and Clinical Therapeutics, 2(7), 919-930.
27. Terzioğlu, G., Keskin, A.Ü., Yanıkkaya Demirel, G. (2013). Hücre Proliferasyonu Ölçüm Yöntemleri ve Çeşitli Ticari Proliferasyon Kitlerinin Karşılaştırılması. Turkish Journal of Immunology,1(3), 74-89.
28. Hashemi, E., Akhavan, O., Shamsara, M., Daliri, M., Dashtizad, M., Farmany, A. (2016). Synthesis and cyto-genotoxicity evaluation of graphene on micespermatogonial stem cells. Colloids and Surfaces B: Biointerfaces, 1(146), 770-776.
29. Fazel Anvari-Yazdi, A., Tahermanesh, K., Hadavi, SM., Talaei-Khozani, T., Razmkhah, M., Abes, SM., Mohtasebi, M.S. (2016). Cytotoxicity assessment of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells on synthesized biodegradable Mg-Zn-Ca alloys. Materials Science and Engineering C, 69, 584-597.
30. Burnett, J.P., Lim, G., Li, Y., Shah, R.B., Lim, R., Paholak, H.J., McDermott, S.P., Sun, L., Tsume, Y., Bai, S., Wicha, M.S., Sun, D., Zhang, T. (2017). Sulforaphane enhances the anticancer activity of taxanes against triple negative breast cancer by killing cancer stem cells. Cancer Letters, 394, 52-64.
31. Yao, M.Z., Hu, Y.L., Sheng, X.X., Lin, J., Ling, D., Gao, J.Q. (2016). Toxicity analysis of various Pluronic F-68-coated carbon nanotubes on mesenchymal stem cells. Chemico-Biological Interactions, 250, 47-58.
32. Uzun, İ.H., Bayındır, F. (2011). Dental Materyallerin Biyouyumluluk Test Yöntemleri. GÜ Diş Hekimliği Fakültesi Dergisi, 28(2), 115-122.
33. Repetto, G., del Peso, A., Zurita, J.L. (2008). Neutral red uptake assay for the estimation of cell viability/cytotoxicity. Nature Protocols, 3(7), 1125-1131.
34. Ahmad, A., Shakoori, A.R. (2013). Cytotoxic and Genotoxic effects of Arsenic and Lead on Human Adipose Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells (AMSCs). Journal of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, 9(2), 29-36.
35. Freshney, R.I. (2000). Culture of Animal Cells: A Manual of Basic Technique, 3rd edition; Wiley-Liss, New York.
36. Kuskov, A.N., Kulikov, P.P., Goryachaya, A.V., Tzatzarakis, M.N., Docea, A.O., Velonia, K., Shtilman, M.I., Tsatsakis, A.M. (2017). Amphiphilic poly-N-vinylpyrrolidone nanoparticles as carriers for non-steroidal, anti-inflammatory drugs: In vitro cytotoxicity and in vivo acute toxicity study. Nanomedicine, 13(3), 1021-1030.
37. Hamid, R., Rotshteyn, Y., Rabadi, L., Parikh, R., Bullock, P. (2004). Comparison of alamarblue and MTT assays for high throughput screening. Toxicology In Vitro, 18, 703-710.
38. Kalkan, R. (2016). Sitotoksisite Analizleri Yakın Doğu Üniversitesi Deneysel Sağlık Bilimleri Araştırma Merkezi Uygulamalı Hücre Kültürü Kursu, Lefkoşa, KKTC.
39. Kim, B.S., Ott, V., Boecker, A.H., Stromps, J.P., Paul, N.E., Alharbi, Z., Cakmak, E., Bernhagen, J., Bucala, R., Pallua, N. (2017). The Effect of Antiseptics on Adipose-Derived Stem Cells. Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, 139(3), 625-637.
40. Karaboğa Arslan, A.K. (2017). Α-Chaconine ve Α-Solanine’in Antikanserojen Etkilerinin RL95-2 Hücrelerinde Araştırılması (Doktora Tezi), Kayseri, Erciyes Üniversitesi.
41. Zhang, Y., Wang, X.Q., Wang, J.C, Zhang, X., Zhang, Q. (2011). A comparison study of the cytotoxicity of salinomycin and salinomycin sodium toward human breast cancer stem cells as well as breast cancer cells. Journal of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences, 20(4), 368-375.
42. Leem, Y., Oh, S., Kang, H.J., Kim, J.H., Yoon, J., Chang, J.S. (2016). BPA‐toxicity via superoxide anion overload and a deficit in β‐catenin signaling in human bone mesenchymal stem cells. Environmental Toxicology, 32(1), 344-352.
43. Choi, Y.J., Park, J.H., Han, J.W., Kim, E., Ja-Wook, O., Lee, S.Y., Kim, Y.J., Gurunathan, S. (2016). Differential Cytotoxic Potential of Silver Nanoparticles in Human Ovarian Cancer Cells and Ovarian Cancer Stem Cells. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 17(12), 2077(1-17).
44. Jalayeri, M., Pirnia, A., Najafabad, E.B., Varzi, A.M., Gholami, M. (2017). Evaluation of alginate hydrogel cytotoxicity on three-dimensional culture of type A spermatogonial stem cells. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 95, 888-894.
45. Fernandes, A.P., Junqueira, M.A., Marques, N.C.T., Machado, M., Santos, CF., Oliveira, T.M., Sakai, V.T. (2016). Effects of low-level laser therapy on stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth. Journal of Applied Oral Science, 24(4), 332-337.
46. Liu, S., Yin, N., Faiola, F. (2017). Prospects and frontiers of stem cell toxicology. Stem cells and Development, 26(21), 1528-1539.
47. Yao, X., Yin, N., Faiola, F. (2016). Stem cell toxicology: a powerful tool to assess pollution effects on human health. National Science Review, 3(4), 430-450.
48. Tokur, O., Aksoy, A. (2017). In Vitro Sitotoksisite Testleri. Harran Üniversitesi Veterinerlik Fakültesi Dergisi, 6(1), 112-118.