COVİD-19 PANDEMİSİNİN TOPLUM ECZACILIĞI HİZMETLERİNE ETKİLERİ

Öz

Amaç: Bu çalışma, Covid-19 pandemi sürecinin Türkiye’ deki toplum eczanelerinde verilen eczacılık hizmetlerine etkilerini ortaya koymak üzere yapılmıştır.

Gereç ve Yöntem: Araştırma tanımlayıcı nitelikte olup; araştırmada niceliksel araştırma tipinde araştırmacılar tarafından hazırlanan anket formu kullanılmıştır. Anket formları, online olarak gönüllülere ulaştırılmış; aydınlatılmış onam formu ile katılımcılar bilgilendirilerek onay vermeleri halinde araştırmaya katılmıştır.

Sonuç ve Tartışma: Ülkemizdeki toplum eczacılarının pandemi sürecinde büyük bir özveriyle eczacılık hizmetlerini verdikleri ancak aynı zamanda birçok sorunla da başa çıktıkları anlaşılmaktadır. Özellikle, maskelerin ücretsiz olarak toplum eczaneleri aracılığıyla verilmesi eczacıların iş yükünü artırarak eczacılık hizmetlerinde bazı aksamalara neden olmuş, buna ek olarak vatandaşların maske almak üzere eczanelerde yoğunluk oluşturması mesafenin korunamaması riskini doğurarak bulaş ihtimalini de arttırmıştır. Toplum eczacılarının pandemi süresince başlıca yaşadığı sorunlar; kişisel koruyucu ekipman ve hijyen malzemelerine talebin fazla olması nedeniyle iş yükünün artması, personel ihtiyacı, hastalıktan korunmak için kendi imkanları ile tedbir almaları, toplumun ihtiyaç duyduğu ilaç ve ürünlerin dağıtım kanalları tarafından zamanında teslim edilmemesi ve özellikle ekonomik sorun yaşayan eczacıların ekonomik ve/veya sosyal destek alabilecekleri kurum veya kuruluşların olmaması olarak ortaya çıkmıştır. Yakın dönemde bir benzeri yaşanmamış büyüklükteki bu pandemiyle mücadelede ulusal bir acil durum eylem planı varlığının toplum eczacıları için yol gösterici olacağı çalışmanın önemli sonuçlarındandır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Covid-19
• eczacılık hizmetleri
• pandemi
• toplum eczaneleri

THE EFFECTS OF COVID-19 PANDEMIC ON COMMUNITY PHARMACY SERVICES

Öz

Objective: The aim of this study is to demonstrate the effects of Covid-19 pandemic to the pharmaceutical services in community pharmacies in Turkey.

Material and Method: This research is a descriptive study. In the study, a quantitative research questionnaire form prepared by the researchers was used. Questionnaires were delivered to the volunteers online. Participants were informed and participated in the study if they gave their consent with an informed consent form.

Result and Discussion: It is understood that the community pharmacists in Turkey provide their pharmacy services with great devotion during the pandemic process, but they also cope with many problems. In particular, giving the masks free of charge through community pharmacies increased the workload of pharmacists and caused some disruptions in pharmacy services, in addition, the crowd of the citizens in pharmacies to buy masks increased the risk of social distancing and the possibility of transmission. Major problems faced by community pharmacists during the pandemic; Due to the high demand for personal protective equipment and hygiene materials, the increase in workload, the need for personnel, taking measures with their own means to protect against disease, not delivering drugs and products needed by the society on time, economic and / or social support, especially for the pharmacists have economic problems It is one of the important results of the study that the existence of a national emergency action plan will guide community pharmacists in combating this pandemic of unprecedented magnitude

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Community pharmacies
• covid-19
• pandemic
• pharmacy services

Kaynakça

1. Healthline Web Site. (2020). Retrieved September 11, 2020, from https://www.healthline.com/health-news/what-does-it-mean-to-declare-a-pandemic.
2. Foster, S.L. (2020). ACIP meeting focuses on influenza, coronavirus, Ebola, rabies, and more. Pharmacy Today, 26(4): p. 18-19. Retrieved September 13, 2020, from https://www.pharmacytoday.org/article/S1042-0991(20)30296-6/fulltext.
3. Han, Q., et al. (2020). Coronavirus 2019-nCoV: A brief perspective from the front line. Journal of Infection,. 80(4): p. 373-377.
4. World Health Organization Web Site. (2020). Retrieved September 11, 2020, from https://www.who.int/bulletin/volumes/89/7/11-088815/en/.
5. Meng, L., F. Qiu, and S. Sun. (2020). Providing pharmacy services at cabin hospitals at the coronavirus epicenter in China. International Journal of Clinical Pharmacy, 42(2): 305-308.
6. Huggins, C. (2020). Experiencing COVID-19 in the health-system pharmacy. Pharmacy Today, 26(5): p. 3-4. Retrieved September 13, 2020, from https://www.pharmacytoday.org/article/S1042-0991(20)30348-0/fulltext.
7. International Pharmaceutical Federation Web Site. (2020). Retrieved September 15, 2020, from https://www.fip.org/coronavirus.
8. Watson, K.E., et al. (2019). Defining pharmacists' roles in disasters: A Delphi study. PloS one, 14(12): p. e0227132.

9. Ung, C.O.L. (2020). Community pharmacist in public health emergencies: quick to action against the coronavirus 2019-nCoV outbreak. Research in Social and Administrative Pharmacy, 16(4): 583-586.
10. Hughes, C.M., et al.(2010). Provision of pharmaceutical care by community pharmacists: a comparison across Europe. Pharmacy world & science, 32(4): p. 472-487.
11. Aly, M., et al.(2018). A review of international pharmacy-based minor ailment services and proposed service design model. Research in Social and Administrative Pharmacy, 14(11): p. 989-998.
12. Cope, L.C., A.S. Abuzour, and M.P. Tully. (2016). Nonmedical prescribing: where are we now? Therapeutic Advances in Drug Safety, 7(4): p. 165-172.
13. Eczacılar ve Eczaneler Hakkında Yönetmelik. Resmi Gazete, 12/04/2014-28970.
14. Cadogan, C.A. and Hughes C.M. (2020). On the frontline against COVID-19: Community pharmacists’ contribution during a public health crisis. Research in Social and Administrative Pharmacy.
15. Pharmacist Web Site. (2020). Retrieved September 15, 2020, from https://www.pharmacist.com/article/new-mexico-and-west-virginia-make-progress-provider-status
16. The New York Times Web Site. (2020). Retrieved September 15, 2020, from. https://www.nytimes.com/2020/04/22/us/santa-clara-county-coronavirus-death.html
17. Pharmaceutical Services Negotiating Committee Web Site. (2020). Retrieved September 15, 2020, from https://psnc.org.uk/the-healthcare-landscape/covid19/wellbeing-and-testing/
18. Pharmaceutical Services Negotiating Committee Web Site. (2020). Retrieved September 15, 2020, from https://psnc.org.uk/the-healthcare-landscape/covid19/
19. Pharmaceutical Services Negotiating Committee Web Site. (2020). Retrieved September 15, 2020, from https://psnc.org.uk/our-news/update-on-covid-19-pandemic-medicines-delivery-service/
20. Pharmaceutical Services Negotiating Committee Web Site. (2020). Retrieved September 15, 2020, from https://psnc.org.uk/our-news/keeping-your-pharmacy-or-pharmacies-open/
21. Pharmaceutical Services Negotiating Committee Web Site. (2020). Retrieved September 15, 2020, from https://psnc.org.uk/our-news/covid-19-update-pandemic-posters-being-mailed-to-pharmacies/
22. Pharmaceutical Group of European Union Web Site. (2020). Retrieved September 17, 2020, from https://www.pgeu.eu/publications/press-release-community-pharmacists-in-the-frontline-in-the-fight-against-the-novel-corona-virus-disease-covid-19/
23. Todd, A., et al. (2014). The positive pharmacy care law: an area-level analysis of the relationship between community pharmacy distribution, urbanity and social deprivation in England. BMJ open, 4(8).
24. Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Sağlık Bakanlığı Web Site. (2020). Retrieved October 1, 2020, from https://covid19.saglik.gov.tr/
25. Worldometer Web Site. (2020). Retrieved October 1, 2020, from https://www.worldometers.info/coronavirus/
26. Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Sağlık Bakanlığı Web Site. (2020). Retrieved October 1, 2020, from https://shgm.saglik.gov.tr/TR,55587/201910-saglik-hizmeti-sunucularinin-basamaklandirilmasi-hakkinda-genelge.html
27. Yazıcıoğlu, Y. and Erdoğan, S. (2014). Bilimsel Araştırma Yöntemleri-SPSS Uygulamalı. Ankara: Detay Yayıncılık.
28. Büyüköztürk, Ş., et al. (2017). Bilimsel Araştırma Yöntemleri. Pegem Atıf İndeksi, 2017: p. 1-360.
29. Editorial. (2020). COVID-19: fighting panic with information. Lancet (London, England), 395(10224): p. 537.
30. World Health Organization Web Site. (2020). Retrieved September 18, 2020, from https://apps.who.int/iris/handle/10665/66155
31. Strikas, R.A., Wallace, G.S. and Myers, M.G. (2002). Influenza pandemic preparedness action plan for the United States: 2002 update. Clinical Infectious Diseases, 35(5): p. 590-596.
32. Jennings, L.C. and Lush, D. (2004). National pandemic planning must be an ongoing process. International Congress Series. Retrieved September 18, 2020, from https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0531513104002420
33. Iwanowicz, S.L., Marciniak, M.W. and Zeolla, M.M. (2006). Obtaining and providing health information in the community pharmacy setting. American Journal of Pharmaceutical Education, 70(3).
34. Pradhan, D., et al.(2020). A review of current interventions for COVID-19 prevention. Archives Of Medical Research.
35. Zheng, S.-q., et al. (2020). Recommendations and guidance for providing pharmaceutical care services during COVID-19 pandemic: a China perspective. Research in Social and Administrative Pharmacy.
36. The World Bank Web Site. (2020). Retrieved October 4, 2020, from https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/handle/10986/33611
37. Cucinotta, D. and Vanelli, M. (2020). WHO declares COVID-19 a pandemic. Acta bio-medica: Atenei Parmensis, 91(1): p. 157-160.
38. World Health Organization Web Site. (2020). Retrieved September 19, 2020, from https://apps.who.int/iris/handle/10665/331561
39. Business Insiderweb Site. (2020). Retrieved September 23, 2020, from https://www.businessinsider.com/italy-closing-all-stores-except-groceries-pharmacies-coronavirus-2020-3
40. Fisher, C. (2020). Pharmacies urged to stay open seven days per week in the face of COVID-19. The Pharmaceutical Journal.
41. Ashiru-Oredope, D., et al. (2020). Needs assessment and impact of COVID-19 on pharmacy professionals in 31 commonwealth countries. Journal of Pharmaceutical Policy And Practice, 13(1): p. 1-11.