IN VITRO SKIN MODELS

Öz

Objective: The use of skin models is of great importance in the design and optimization of formulations applied to the skin for topical or systemic effects. Although rat or pig skin is often used in skin penetration/permeation studies of active substances, the compatibility of results obtained from animal skin and human skin is questioned. On the other hand, the use of human skin is limited since it is difficult to attain and due to the ethical concerns. This situation increases the importance of in vitro skin permeation tests. In this review, the advantages and disadvantages of the most commonly used in vitro skin models were emphasized, and current studies performed with these models were reviewed.

Result and Discussion: Artificial membranes are preferred over human and animal skin due to many advantages such as reproducibility, low cost, ease of use and able to modify. Reconstructed human skin equivalents have advantages such as high data repeatability, nonnecessity of ethics committee approval and availability for the evaluation of skin metabolism, corrosion and phototoxicity. Despite all these advantages of reconstructed human skin equivalents and important steps in their development, it is not yet entirely possible replacing human or animal skin completely for in vivo estimation of absorption of active ingredients through the skin. The most important factors limiting the use of reconstructed skin models are their high cost and low barrier functions.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Artificial skin models
• In vitro skin models
• Reconstructed human skin equivalents
• Skin penetration / permeation studies

İN VİTRO DERİ MODELLERİ

Öz

Amaç: Topikal veya sistemik etki sağlamak için deriye uygulanan formülasyonların tasarımında ve optimizasyonunda deri modellerinin kullanımı büyük önem taşımaktadır. Etken maddelerin deriden penetrasyon / permeasyon çalışmalarında sıçan veya domuz derisi sıklıkla kullanılmakta ancak hayvan derisinden elde edilen sonuçların insan derisi ile uygunluğu sorgulanmaktadır. Diğer taraftan insan derisinin kullanımı ise, temininin genellikle zor olması ve etik kaygılar nedeniyle sınırlıdır. Bu durum, in vitro deriden permeasyon testlerinin önemini artırmaktadır. Bu derlemede, en sık kullanılan in vitro deri modellerinin avantajları ve dezavantajları vurgulanarak, bu modeller ile gerçekleştirilen güncel çalışmalar incelenmiştir.

Sonuç ve Tartışma: Yapay membranlar; tekrar üretilebilirlik, düşük maliyet, kullanım kolaylığı ve modifiye edilebilir olması gibi birçok avantajı sebebiyle insan ve hayvan derisi yerine tercih edilmektedir. Yeniden yapılandırılmış insan derisi eşdeğerlerinin ise, veri tekrarlanabilirliğinin yüksek olması, etik kurul izni gerekmemesi, deri metabolizmasının, deri korozyonunun ve fototoksisitenin değerlendirilebilmesi gibi avantajları bulunmaktadır. Yeniden yapılandırılmış insan derisi eşdeğerlerinin bütün bu avantajlarına ve geliştirilmesindeki önemli adımlara rağmen, etken maddelerin deriden absorpsiyonunun in vivo tahmini için insan veya hayvan derisinin yerini tamamen almaları henüz tam anlamıyla mümkün değildir. Yeniden yapılandırılmış deri modellerin kullanımını sınırlayan en önemli faktörlerin başında, yüksek maliyet ve düşük bariyer fonksiyonları gelmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Deriden penetrasyon / permeasyon çalışmaları
• İn vitro deri modelleri
• Yapay deri modelleri
• Yeniden yapılandırılmış insan derisi eşdeğerleri.

Kaynakça

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