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MEME KANSERİNDE ETKİLİ TIBBİ BİTKİLER VE SEKONDER METABOLİTLERİ

Yıl 2018, Cilt: 42 Sayı: 2, 42 - 62, 31.05.2018

Öz

Amaç: Bu derlemede kanıta dayalı bir yaklaşımla meme kanseri tedavisinde destekleyici olabilecek bazı tıbbi bitkilere yer verilmesi amaçlanmıştır.

Gereç ve Yöntem: Meme kanseri tedavisinde araştırmalara konu olan tıbbi bitkilerin kapsamlı olarak literatürünün derlenmesi amacıyla sağlık bilimleri alanındaki veritabanlarından yararlanılmıştır. Medline veritabanı ve Scopus ile Web of Science gibi temel atıf indekslerinde daha önce yayınlanmış makaleler için elektronik arama yapılmıştır.

Sonuç ve Tartışma: Meme kanserinde kullanılan ilaçların belli bir kısmı bitkilerden elde edilmektedir. Bazı bitkiler detoks mekanizması ile vücudu maligniteden koruyabilir. Biyolojik yanıtı modifiye eden tıbbi bitkiler kanser gelişimini de hormon ve enzim aktivitelerini modifiye ederek engelleyebilirler. Bazı bitkiler de kemoterapi ve radyoterapinin yan etkilerini azaltarak tedaviye destek olabilirler. Bu derlemede meme kanserinde potansiyel etkileri olabilecek 14 tıbbi bitkinin yanı sıra meyve ve sebze olarak tüketilen bazı kaynaklara da yer verimiştir. Türkiye florası çok zengin floraya ve endemik tıbbi bitkilere sahip olmasına rağmen, kanser araştırmaları ve bunlar arasında meme kanseri üzerine yeterli sayıda klinik çalışmanın bulunmayışı floramızın tıbbi araştırmalarda yeterince değerlendirilmediğini göstermektedir.

Kaynakça

  • Rogers, G. (2005). Herb Consumers' Attitudes, Preferences Profiled in New Market Study. HerbalGram American Botanical Council, 65, 60-61.
  • Robinson, M.M., Zhang, X. (2011). The World Medicines Situation 2011. Traditional Medicines: Global Situation, Issues and Challenges. Geneva: World Health Organization.
  • American Cancer Society (2006). Cancer Statistics 2006. from http://www.cancer.org/docroot/PRO/content/PRO_1_1_Cancer_Statistics_2006_presentation.asp
  • Cavalieri, E., Chakravarti, D., Guttenplan, J., Hart, E., Ingle, J., Jankowiak, R. (2006). Catechol estrogen quinones as initiators of breast and other human cancers: implications for biomarkers of susceptibility and cancer prevention. Biochimica Biophysica Acta, 1766(1), 63-78.
  • Yager, J.D., Davidson, N.E. (2006). Estrogen carcinogenesis in breast cancer. The New England Journal of Medicine, 354(3), 270-282.
  • Guo-Shiou Liao, G-S., Apaya M. K.,Shyur L-F. (2013). Review Article Herbal Medicine and Acupuncture for Breast Cancer Palliative Care and Adjuvant Therapy.Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine Volume 2013, Article ID 437948, http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/437948
  • Ferlini, C., Ojima, I., Distefano, M, Gallo, D., Riva, A., Morazzoni, P., Bombardelli, E., Mancuso, S., Scambia, G.(2003). Current Medicinal Chemistry- Anti-Cancer Agents, 3, 133-138.
  • He, X., Liu, R.H. (2008). Phytochemicals of apple peels: isolation, structure elucidation, and their antiproliferative and antioxidant activities. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 56, 9905-9910.
  • El-Sayed A., Cordell, G.A. (1981). Catharanthus alkaloids. Catharanthamine, a new antitumor bisindole alkaloid from Catharanthus roseus. Journal of Natural Products., 44, 289-293.
  • El-Sayed, A., Handy, G.A., Cordell, G.A. (1983). Catharanthus alkaloids, XXXVIII. Confirming structural evidence and antineoplastic activity of the bisindole alkaloids leurosine-N'b-oxide (pleurosine), roseadine and vindolicine from Catharanthus roseus. Journal of Natural Products, 46, 517-527.
  • Leveque, D., Jehl, F. (1996). Clinical pharmacokinetics of vinorelbine. Clinical Pharmacokinetics, 31, 184-197.
  • Wall, M.E., Wani, M.C. (1995). Camptothecin and taxol: discovery to clinic--thirteenth Bruce F. Cain Memorial Award Lecture. Cancer Research, 55, 753-760.
  • Tagne, S.R., Armel, H.N.K, Farah, M. (2015). Medicinal Plants in Breast Cancer Therapy Journal of Diseases and Medicinal Plants, 1(1), 19-23.
  • Sammartino, A., Tommaselli, G. A., Gargano, V., Di Carlo, C., Attianese, W. Nappi, C. (2006). Short-term effects of a combination of isoflavones, lignans and Cimicifuga racemosa on climacteric-related symptoms in postmenopausal women: a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial. Gynecological Endocrinology, 22(11), 646-650.
  • Morabito, N., Crisafulli, A., Vergara, C. (2002). Effects of genistein and hormone-replacement therapy on bone loss in early postmenopausal women: a randomized double-blind placebocontrolled study. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research, 17, 10, 1904-1912.
  • Rhyu, M., Lu, J., Webster, D.E., Fabricant, D.S., Farnsworth, N.R., Wang, Z.J. (2006). Black cohosh (Actaea racemosa, Cimicifuga racemosa) behaves as a mixed competitive ligand and partial agonist at the human 𝜇 opiate receptor. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 54(26), 9852-9857.
  • Henneicke-von Zepelin, H.H., Meden, H., Kostev, K., Schroder-Bernhardi, D., Stammwitz, U., Becher, H. (2007). Isopropanolic black cohosh extract and recurrence-free survival after breast cancer. International Journal of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, 45(3), 143-154.
  • Wu, A.H., Yu, M.C., Tseng, C., Hankin, J., Pike, M.C. (2003). Green tea and risk of breast cancer in Asian Americans. International Journal of Cancer, 106(4), 574-579.
  • Wu, A.H., Spicer, D., Stanczyk, F.Z., Tseng, C., Yang, C.S. and Pike, M.C. (2012). Effect of 2-month controlled green tea intervention on lipoprotein cholesterol, glucose, and hormone levels in healthy postmenopausal women. Cancer Prevention Research, 5(3), 393-402.
  • Stendell-Hollis, N.R., Thomson, C.A., Thompson, P.A., Bea, J.W., Cussler, E.C., Hakim, I.A. (2010). Green tea improves metabolic biomarkers, not weight or body composition: a pilot study in overweight breast cancer survivors. Journal of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, 23(6), 590-600.
  • Luo,T., Wang, J., Yin, Y., Hua, H., Jing, J., Sun, X., Li, M, Zhang, J.Y. (2010). (-)-Epigallocatechin gallate sensitizes breast cancer cells to paclitaxel in a murine model of breast carcinoma. Breast Cancer Research, 12(1), R8.
  • Myung, S.K., Bae, W.K., Oh, S.M., Kim, Y., Ju, W., Sung, J., Lee, Y., Ko, J., Song, J.I., Choi, H.J. (2009). Green tea consumption and risk of stomach cancer: a meta-analysis of epidemiologic studies. International Journal of Cancer, 124, 670-677.
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MEDICINAL PLANTS AND THEIR SECONDARY METABOLITES EFFECTIVE AGAINST BREAST CANCER

Yıl 2018, Cilt: 42 Sayı: 2, 42 - 62, 31.05.2018

Öz

Objective: This study aims at reviewing an evidence-based approach to medicinal plants for the supportive treatment of breast cancer.

Material and Method: The subject databases for health sciences are considered for comprehensive search of the literature in terms of medicinal plants for the treatment of breast cancer. An electronic search for previously published articles was conducted in Medline citations and key citation indexes such as Scopus and Web of Science.

Result and Discussion: A certain part of the medicines used in breast cancer are derived from plants. Some plants can protect the body from malignancy with their detoxification mechanism. Some medicinal plants that modify the biological response can prevent cancer development by modifying activities of hormones and enzymes. Some plants can support the treatment by reducing the side effects of chemotherapy and radiotherapy. In this review, in addition to 14 medicinal plants some sources consumed as fruits and vegetables. that may have potential effects on breast cancer are discussed. Although Turkey is one of the richest countries in terms of large flora and endemic medicinal plants, sufficient number of cancer research and clinical trials on breast cancer are not considered enough.

Kaynakça

  • Rogers, G. (2005). Herb Consumers' Attitudes, Preferences Profiled in New Market Study. HerbalGram American Botanical Council, 65, 60-61.
  • Robinson, M.M., Zhang, X. (2011). The World Medicines Situation 2011. Traditional Medicines: Global Situation, Issues and Challenges. Geneva: World Health Organization.
  • American Cancer Society (2006). Cancer Statistics 2006. from http://www.cancer.org/docroot/PRO/content/PRO_1_1_Cancer_Statistics_2006_presentation.asp
  • Cavalieri, E., Chakravarti, D., Guttenplan, J., Hart, E., Ingle, J., Jankowiak, R. (2006). Catechol estrogen quinones as initiators of breast and other human cancers: implications for biomarkers of susceptibility and cancer prevention. Biochimica Biophysica Acta, 1766(1), 63-78.
  • Yager, J.D., Davidson, N.E. (2006). Estrogen carcinogenesis in breast cancer. The New England Journal of Medicine, 354(3), 270-282.
  • Guo-Shiou Liao, G-S., Apaya M. K.,Shyur L-F. (2013). Review Article Herbal Medicine and Acupuncture for Breast Cancer Palliative Care and Adjuvant Therapy.Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine Volume 2013, Article ID 437948, http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/437948
  • Ferlini, C., Ojima, I., Distefano, M, Gallo, D., Riva, A., Morazzoni, P., Bombardelli, E., Mancuso, S., Scambia, G.(2003). Current Medicinal Chemistry- Anti-Cancer Agents, 3, 133-138.
  • He, X., Liu, R.H. (2008). Phytochemicals of apple peels: isolation, structure elucidation, and their antiproliferative and antioxidant activities. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 56, 9905-9910.
  • El-Sayed A., Cordell, G.A. (1981). Catharanthus alkaloids. Catharanthamine, a new antitumor bisindole alkaloid from Catharanthus roseus. Journal of Natural Products., 44, 289-293.
  • El-Sayed, A., Handy, G.A., Cordell, G.A. (1983). Catharanthus alkaloids, XXXVIII. Confirming structural evidence and antineoplastic activity of the bisindole alkaloids leurosine-N'b-oxide (pleurosine), roseadine and vindolicine from Catharanthus roseus. Journal of Natural Products, 46, 517-527.
  • Leveque, D., Jehl, F. (1996). Clinical pharmacokinetics of vinorelbine. Clinical Pharmacokinetics, 31, 184-197.
  • Wall, M.E., Wani, M.C. (1995). Camptothecin and taxol: discovery to clinic--thirteenth Bruce F. Cain Memorial Award Lecture. Cancer Research, 55, 753-760.
  • Tagne, S.R., Armel, H.N.K, Farah, M. (2015). Medicinal Plants in Breast Cancer Therapy Journal of Diseases and Medicinal Plants, 1(1), 19-23.
  • Sammartino, A., Tommaselli, G. A., Gargano, V., Di Carlo, C., Attianese, W. Nappi, C. (2006). Short-term effects of a combination of isoflavones, lignans and Cimicifuga racemosa on climacteric-related symptoms in postmenopausal women: a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial. Gynecological Endocrinology, 22(11), 646-650.
  • Morabito, N., Crisafulli, A., Vergara, C. (2002). Effects of genistein and hormone-replacement therapy on bone loss in early postmenopausal women: a randomized double-blind placebocontrolled study. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research, 17, 10, 1904-1912.
  • Rhyu, M., Lu, J., Webster, D.E., Fabricant, D.S., Farnsworth, N.R., Wang, Z.J. (2006). Black cohosh (Actaea racemosa, Cimicifuga racemosa) behaves as a mixed competitive ligand and partial agonist at the human 𝜇 opiate receptor. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 54(26), 9852-9857.
  • Henneicke-von Zepelin, H.H., Meden, H., Kostev, K., Schroder-Bernhardi, D., Stammwitz, U., Becher, H. (2007). Isopropanolic black cohosh extract and recurrence-free survival after breast cancer. International Journal of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, 45(3), 143-154.
  • Wu, A.H., Yu, M.C., Tseng, C., Hankin, J., Pike, M.C. (2003). Green tea and risk of breast cancer in Asian Americans. International Journal of Cancer, 106(4), 574-579.
  • Wu, A.H., Spicer, D., Stanczyk, F.Z., Tseng, C., Yang, C.S. and Pike, M.C. (2012). Effect of 2-month controlled green tea intervention on lipoprotein cholesterol, glucose, and hormone levels in healthy postmenopausal women. Cancer Prevention Research, 5(3), 393-402.
  • Stendell-Hollis, N.R., Thomson, C.A., Thompson, P.A., Bea, J.W., Cussler, E.C., Hakim, I.A. (2010). Green tea improves metabolic biomarkers, not weight or body composition: a pilot study in overweight breast cancer survivors. Journal of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, 23(6), 590-600.
  • Luo,T., Wang, J., Yin, Y., Hua, H., Jing, J., Sun, X., Li, M, Zhang, J.Y. (2010). (-)-Epigallocatechin gallate sensitizes breast cancer cells to paclitaxel in a murine model of breast carcinoma. Breast Cancer Research, 12(1), R8.
  • Myung, S.K., Bae, W.K., Oh, S.M., Kim, Y., Ju, W., Sung, J., Lee, Y., Ko, J., Song, J.I., Choi, H.J. (2009). Green tea consumption and risk of stomach cancer: a meta-analysis of epidemiologic studies. International Journal of Cancer, 124, 670-677.
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  • Way, T.D., Lee, H.H., Kao, M.C., Lin, J.K. (2004). Black tea polyphenol theaflavins inhibit aromatase activity and attenuate tamoxifen resistance in HER2/neu-transfected human breast cancer cells through tyrosine kinase suppression. European Journal of Cancer. 40(14), 2165-2174.
  • Somers-Edgar, T.J., Scandlyn, M.J., Stuart, E.C, Le Nedelec, M.J., Valentine, S.P., Rosengren, R.J. (2008). The combination of epigallocatechin gallate and curcumin suppresses ER alpha-breast cancer cell growth in vitro and in vivo. International Journal of Cancer., 122(9), 1966-1971.
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  • Schepetkin, I.A., Kirpotina, L.N., Jakiw, L., Andrei I,. Khlebnikov, A.I., Christie, L. Blaskovich, C.L., Jutila, M.A., Quinn, M.T. (2009). Immunomodulatory Activity of Oenothein B Isolated from Epilobium angustifolium. The Journal of Immunology, 183, 6754-6766.
  • Schepetkin, I.A., Ramstead, A.G., Kirpotina, L.N., Voyich, J.M., Jutila, M.A., Quinn, M.T. (2016). Therapeutic Potential of Polyphenols from Epilobium angustifolium (Fireweed). Phytotherapy Research, 30(8), 1287-97.
  • Wu, G., Lu, J., Guo, J. (2012).“Ganoderic acid DM, a naturaltriterpenoid, induces DNA damage, G1 cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in human breast cancer cells. Fitoterapia, 83, 2, 408-414.
  • Bao, P.P., Lu, W., Cui, Y. (2012). Ginseng and Ganoderma lucidum use after breast cancer diagnosis and quality of life: a report from the Shanghai Breast Cancer Survival Study, PLoSOne, 7(6), e39343.
  • Coleman, C. I., Hebert, J. H., Reddy, P. (2003). The effects of Panax ginseng on quality of life, Journal of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics, 28, 1, 5-15.
  • Shin-Jung Kim, S.J., Kim, A.K., (2015). Anti-breast cancer activity of Fine Black ginseng (Panax ginseng Meyer) and ginsenoside Rg5. Journal of Ginseng Research, 39(2), 125-134.
  • Chung,A.-S., Park, K.M. (2016) Anticancer and Antineurodegenerative effects of Ginsenosides, from Studies in Natutal Products Chemistr, edt. Atta-ur Rahman, vol 50, 4.
  • Yong C., Xiao-Ou S., Yu-Tang G., Hui, C. , Meng-Hua, T. , Wei Z. (2006). Association of Ginseng Use with Survival and Quality of Life among Breast Cancer Patients. American Journal of Epidemiology, 163, 645-653.
  • Li, J., Jadhav, A.N., Khan, I..A. (2010). Triterpenoids from Brazilian Ginseng, Pfaffia paniculata. ICA, 2010, 76(6), 635-9.
  • Vasconcelos, J.M.O. (1982). Estudo taxonômico sobre Amaranthaceae no RS, Brasil. Porto Alegre: Dissertação de Mestrado, Curso de Pós-Graduação em Botânica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, 151.
  • Oliveira, F. (1986). Pfaffia paniculata (Martius) Kuntze – O ginseng brasileiro. Revista Brasileira de Farmacognosia, 1, 86-92.
  • Nagamine, M.K., da Silva, T.C., Matsuzaki, P., Pinello, K.C., Cogliati, B., Pizzo, C.R., Akisue, G., Haraguchi, M., Górniak, S.L., Sinhorini, I.L., Rao, K.V., Barbuto, J.A., Dagli, M.L. (2009). Cytotoxic effects of butanolic extract from Pfaffia paniculata (Brazilian ginseng) on cultured human breast cancer cell line MCF-7. Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology, 61, 75-82.
  • Loo, W.T., Jin, L.J., Chow, L.W., Cheung, M.N., Wang, M. (2010). Rhodiola algida improves chemotherapy-induced oral mucositis in breast cancer patients. Expert Opinion on Investigational Drugs, 19(Suppl.1), 91-100.
  • Fong, S., Shoemaker, M., Cadaoas, J. (2008). Molecular mechanisms underlying selective cytotoxic activity of BZL101,an extract of Scutellaria barbata, towards breast cancer cells. Cancer Biology and Therapy, 7(4), 577-586.
  • Perez, A.T., Arun, B., Tripathy, D. (2010). A phase 1B dose escalation trial of Scutellaria barbata (BZL101) for patients with metastatic breast cancer. Breast Cancer Research and Treatment, 120(1), 111-118.
  • Klawitter, J., Klawitter, J., Gurshtein, J. (2011). Bezielle (BZL101)- induced oxidative stress damage followed by redistribution of metabolic fluxes in breast cancer cells: a combined proteomic and metabolomic study, International Journal of Cancer, 129, 12, 2945-2957.
  • Kim, C.S., Choi, S.J., Park, C.Y., Li, C., Choi, J.S. (2010). Effects of silybinin on the pharmacokinetics of tamoxifen and its active metabolite, 4-hydroxytamoxifen in rats. Anticancer Research, 30(1), 79-85.
  • Schetinger, M.R.C., Farias, I.L.G., Ara´ujo, M.C.S. (2012). Uncaria tomentosa for reducing side effects caused by chemotherapy in CRC patients: clinical trial. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 2012: 892182, doi:10.1155/2012/892182.
  • Sheng, Y., Pero, R.W., Wagner, H. (2000). Treatment of chemotherapy-induced leukopenia in a rat model with aqueous extract from Uncaria tomentosa. Phytomedicine, 7(2), 137-143.
  • Oyugi, D.A., Luo, X., Lee, K.S., Hill, B., Izevbigie, E.B. (2009). Activity markers of the breast carcinoma cell growth fractions of Vernonia amygdalina extracts. Experimental Biology and Medicine, 234(4), 410–417.
  • Yedjou, C., Izevbigie, E., Tchounwou, P. (2008). Preclinical assessment of Vernonia amygdalina leaf extracts as DNA damaging anti-cancer agent in the management of breast cancer. International Journal of Environental Research and Public Health, 5, 337-341.
  • Beuth, J., Schneider, B., Schierholz, J. M. (2008). Impact ofcomplementary treatment of breast cancer patients with standardized mistletoe extract during aftercare: a controlled multicenter comparative Epidemiological Cohort Study, Anticancer Research, 28(1), 523-527.
  • Büssing, A., Stumpf, C., Tröger, W., Schietzel, M. (2007). Course of mitogen-stimulated T lymphocytes in cancer patients treated with Viscum album extracts. Anticancer Research, 27(4), 2903-2910.
  • Eggenschwiler, J., Patrignani, A., Wagner, U. (2006). Gene expression profiles of different breast cancer cells compared with their responsiveness to fermented mistletoe (Viscum albüm L.) extracts Iscador from oak (Quercus), pine (Pinus), white fir (Abies) and apple tree (Malus) in vitro. Arzneimittel-Forschung, 56(6), 483-496.
  • Bocci, V. (1993). Mistletoe (Viscum album) lectins as cytokine inducers and immunoadjuvant in tumor therapy. A review. Journal of Biological Regulators and Homeostatic Agents, 7, 1, 1-6.
  • Fritz, P., Dippon, J., Kierschke, T. (2004). Impact of mistletoe lectin binding in Breast Cancer, Anticancer Research, 24(2), 1187-1192.
  • Johansson, S., Gullbo, J., Lindholmet, P. (2003). Small, novel proteins from the mistletoe Phoradendron tomentosum exhibit highly selective cytotoxicity to human breast cancer cells. Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences, 60(1), 165-175.
  • B¨ussing, A., Tr¨oger, W., Stumpf, C., Schietzel, M. (2008). Local reactions to treatments with Viscum album L. extracts and their association with T-lymphocyte subsets and quality of life. Anticancer Research, 28(3), 1893-1897.
  • Ali-Shtayeh, M.S., Yaniv, Z., Mahajna, J.(2000). Ethnobotanical survey in the Palestinian area: a classification of the healing potential of medicinal plants. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 73, 221-232.
  • Kaileh, M., Vanden Berghe, W., Boone, E., Essawi, T., Haegeman, G. (2007). Screening of indigenous Palestinian medicinal plants for potential anti-inflammatory and cytotoxic activity. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 113, 510-516.
  • Jayaprakasam, B., Zhang, Y., Seeram, N., Nair, M. (2003). Growth inhibition of human tumor cell lines by withanolides from Withania somnifera leaves. Life Sciences 74,1, 125-132.
  • Nicastro, H.L., Ross, S.A., Milner, J.A. (2015). Garlic and onions: Their cancer prevention properties. Cancer Prevention Research (Philadelphia), 8(3), 181-189.
  • Hong, C., Firestone, G.L., Bjeldanes, L.F. (2002). Bcl-2 family-mediated apoptotic effects of 3,3'-diindolylmethane (DIM) in human breast cancer cells. Biochemical Pharmacology, 63, 1085-1097.
  • Howells, L.M., Gallacher-Horley, B., Houghton, C.E., Manson, M.M., Hudson, E.A. (2002). Indole-3-carbinol inhibits protein kinase B/Akt and induces apoptosis in the human breast tumor cell line MDA MB468 but not in the nontumorigenic HBL100 line. Molecular Cancer Therapeutics, 1, 1161-1172.
  • Katdare, M., Osborne, M.P., Telang, N.T. (1998). Inhibition of aberrant proliferation and induction of apoptosis in pre-neoplastic human mammary epithelial cells by natural phytochemicals. Oncology Reports, 5, 311-315.
  • Rahman, K.M., Aranha, O., Sarkar, F.H. (2003). Indole-3-carbinol (I3C) induces apoptosis in tumorigenic but not in nontumorigenic breast epithelial cells. Nutrition and Cancer, 45, 101-112. 70. Gattuso, G., Barreca, D., Gargiulli, C., Leuzzi, U., Caristi, C. (2007). Flavonoid Composition of Citrus Juices. Molecule, 12, 1641-1673.
  • So, F.V., Guthrie, N., Chambers, A.F., Moussa, M., Carroll, K.K. (1996). Inhibition of human breast cancer cell proliferation and delay of mammary tumorigenesis by flavonoids and citrus juices. Nutrition and Cancer, 26, 167-181.
  • Guthrie, N., Caroll, K.K. (1998). Inhibition of mammary cancer by citrus flavonoids. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, 439, 227-236.
  • Benavente-Garcia, O., Castillo, J. (2008). Update on uses and properties of citrus flavonoids: new findings in anticancer, cardiovascular, and anti-inflammatory activity. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 56, 6185-6205.
  • Wang, M.Y., Peng, L., Anderson, G., Nowicki, D. (2013). Breast cancer prevention with Morinda citrifolia (noni) at the initiation stage. Functional Foods in Health and Disease, 3(6), 203-222.
  • Torres M.A.O., de Fatima Braga Magalhaes, I., Mondego-Oliveira, R., de Sa, C., Rocha, A. L., Abreu-Silva, L. (2017). One plant, Many uses: A review of the pharmacological Applications of Morinda citrifolia. Phytotherapy Research, 31, 971-979.
  • Sreekumar, S., Sithul, H., Muraleedharan, P., Azeez, J. M., Sreeharshan, S. (2014). Pomegranate fruit as a rich source of biologically active compounds. BioMed Research International, Article ID 686921, http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/686921.
  • Zuo, Y., Wang, C., Wen, J. (2003). Antioxidant and Antibreast Cancer Capacity of American Cranberry and Other Fruits, Abstracts of Papers, 225th ACS National Meeting (ACS, New Orleans, LA).
  • Murphy, B.T., Yan, X.J., Gomes, C., Hammond, G.B., Neto, C. (2003). Isolation and Structure Elucidation of Antitumor Agents from Cranberry Fruit and Roots, Abstracts of Papers, 225th ACS National Meeting (ACS, New Orleans, LA).
  • Boss, A., Bishop, K.S., Marlow, G., Barnett, M.P.G., Ferguson, L.R. (2016). Evidence to Support the Anti-Cancer Effect of Olive Leaf Extract and Future Directions. Nutrients, 8(8), 513.
Toplam 78 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Bölüm Derleme
Yazarlar

Serdar Özgüç Bu kişi benim

Hüsniye Kayalar Bu kişi benim

Ulvi Zeybek Bu kişi benim

Yayımlanma Tarihi 31 Mayıs 2018
Gönderilme Tarihi 2 Nisan 2018
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2018 Cilt: 42 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA Özgüç, S., Kayalar, H., & Zeybek, U. (2018). MEME KANSERİNDE ETKİLİ TIBBİ BİTKİLER VE SEKONDER METABOLİTLERİ. Journal of Faculty of Pharmacy of Ankara University, 42(2), 42-62.
AMA Özgüç S, Kayalar H, Zeybek U. MEME KANSERİNDE ETKİLİ TIBBİ BİTKİLER VE SEKONDER METABOLİTLERİ. Ankara Ecz. Fak. Derg. Mayıs 2018;42(2):42-62.
Chicago Özgüç, Serdar, Hüsniye Kayalar, ve Ulvi Zeybek. “MEME KANSERİNDE ETKİLİ TIBBİ BİTKİLER VE SEKONDER METABOLİTLERİ”. Journal of Faculty of Pharmacy of Ankara University 42, sy. 2 (Mayıs 2018): 42-62.
EndNote Özgüç S, Kayalar H, Zeybek U (01 Mayıs 2018) MEME KANSERİNDE ETKİLİ TIBBİ BİTKİLER VE SEKONDER METABOLİTLERİ. Journal of Faculty of Pharmacy of Ankara University 42 2 42–62.
IEEE S. Özgüç, H. Kayalar, ve U. Zeybek, “MEME KANSERİNDE ETKİLİ TIBBİ BİTKİLER VE SEKONDER METABOLİTLERİ”, Ankara Ecz. Fak. Derg., c. 42, sy. 2, ss. 42–62, 2018.
ISNAD Özgüç, Serdar vd. “MEME KANSERİNDE ETKİLİ TIBBİ BİTKİLER VE SEKONDER METABOLİTLERİ”. Journal of Faculty of Pharmacy of Ankara University 42/2 (Mayıs 2018), 42-62.
JAMA Özgüç S, Kayalar H, Zeybek U. MEME KANSERİNDE ETKİLİ TIBBİ BİTKİLER VE SEKONDER METABOLİTLERİ. Ankara Ecz. Fak. Derg. 2018;42:42–62.
MLA Özgüç, Serdar vd. “MEME KANSERİNDE ETKİLİ TIBBİ BİTKİLER VE SEKONDER METABOLİTLERİ”. Journal of Faculty of Pharmacy of Ankara University, c. 42, sy. 2, 2018, ss. 42-62.
Vancouver Özgüç S, Kayalar H, Zeybek U. MEME KANSERİNDE ETKİLİ TIBBİ BİTKİLER VE SEKONDER METABOLİTLERİ. Ankara Ecz. Fak. Derg. 2018;42(2):42-6.

Kapsam ve Amaç

Ankara Üniversitesi Eczacılık Fakültesi Dergisi, açık erişim, hakemli bir dergi olup Türkçe veya İngilizce olarak farmasötik bilimler alanındaki önemli gelişmeleri içeren orijinal araştırmalar, derlemeler ve kısa bildiriler için uluslararası bir yayım ortamıdır. Bilimsel toplantılarda sunulan bildiriler supleman özel sayısı olarak dergide yayımlanabilir. Ayrıca, tüm farmasötik alandaki gelecek ve önceki ulusal ve uluslararası bilimsel toplantılar ile sosyal aktiviteleri içerir.