REAL-TIME MONITORING OF CYTOTOXIC ACTIVITY OF SAFRANAL COMPOUND ON LUNG CANCER AND BREAST CANCER

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 47 Sayı: 3, 907 - 914, 20.09.2023

Ebru Uzunhisarcıklı

https://doi.org/10.33483/jfpau.1291975

Öz

Objective: Lung adenocarcinoma and breast cancer are the most commonly occurring cancer types and they are the leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Safranal has various pharmacological effects and have cytotoxic properties. Aim of this study was by continuous monitoring to assay the cytotoxicity of safranal on human lung carcinoma cell line (A549), human breast cancer cell line (MCF-7) and human bronchial epithelial cell lines (Beas-2b).
Material and Method: Cells were treated 1, 10, 100 µM concentrations with safranal and xCELLigence real-time cell analyzer were used to determine this compound effect on cell viability. The cell index was monitored every 15 minutes by visualizing the impedance of the E-plate wells.
Result and Discussion: Consequently the studies, it was determined that the safranal has cytotoxic effect on MCF-7 cell line and did not has a toxic effect on A549 and Beas-2b cells. In the MCF-7 cell line, cell index alterations were found to be decreased at all concentrations compared with the untreated control. The combination of conventional anticancer drugs and safranal can be used to increase the effectiveness of these drugs considering cancer type.

Anahtar Kelimeler

A549 cell line, cytotoxicity, MCF-7 cell line, safranal, xCELLigence

AKCİĞER KANSERİ VE MEME KANSERİ HÜCRELERİNDE SAFRANAL BİLEŞİĞİNİN SİTOTOKSİK AKTİVİTESİNİN GERÇEK ZAMANLI İZLENMESİ

Öz

Amaç: Akciğer adenokarsinomu ve meme kanseri en sık görülen kanser türleridir ve dünya çapında kansere bağlı ölümlerin önde gelen nedenlerindendir. Safranal bileşiğinin çeşitli farmakolojik etkileri ve sitotoksik özellikleri vardır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, safranal bileşiğinin insan akciğer karsinomu hücre hattı (A549), insan meme kanseri hücre hattı (MCF-7) ve insan bronşiyal epitel sağlıklı hücre (Beas-2b) hatları üzerindeki sitotoksisitesini sürekli izleme yoluyla tahlil etmektir.
Gereç ve Yöntem: Hücreler, safranal ile 1, 10, 100 µM konsantrasyonda muamele edildi ve bu bileşiğin hücre canlılığı üzerindeki etkisini belirlemek için xCELLigence gerçek zamanlı hücre analizörü kullanılmıştır. E-plaka kuyularının empedansı aracılığıyla hücre indeksi görüntülenerek her 15 dakikada bir izlenmiştir.
Sonuç ve Tartışma: Yapılan çalışmalar sonucunda safranal bileşiğinin MCF-7 hücre hattı üzerinde sitotoksik etkiye sahip olduğu, A549 ve Beas-2b hücreleri üzerinde toksik etkisinin olmadığı belirlenmiştir. MCF-7 hücre hattında, hücre indeksi değişiklikleri, kontrol grubu ile karşılaştırıldığında tüm konsantrasyonlarda azaldığı tespit edilmiştir. Kanser türüne göre bu ilaçların etkinliğini artırmak için geleneksel antikanser ilaçlar ve safranal bileşiği kombinasyonu kullanılabilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

A549 hücre hattı, MCF-7 hücre hattı, safranal, sitotoksisite, xCELLigence

Kaynakça

• 1. Carioli, G., Bertuccio, P., Malvezzi, M., Rodriguez, T., Levi, F., Boffetta, P., La Vecchia, C., Negri, E. (2020). Cancer mortality predictions for 2019 in Latin America. International Journal of Cancer, 147, 619. [CrossRef]
• 2. Chumsri, S., Howes, T., Bao, T., Sabnis, G., Brodie, A. (2011). Aromatase, aromatase inhibitors, and breast cancer. The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 125(1-2), 13-22. [CrossRef]
• 3. Wei, H., Fu, P., Yao, M., Chen, Y., Du, L. (2016). Breast cancer stem cells phenotype and plasma cell-predominant breast cancer independently indicate poor survival. Pathology-Research and Practice, 212(4), 294-301. [CrossRef]
• 4. Forouzanfar, F., Asadpour, E., Hosseinzadeh, H., Boroushaki, M.T., Adab, A., Dastpeiman, S.H., Sadeghnia, H.R. (2021). Safranal protects against ischemia-induced PC12 cell injury through inhibiting oxidative stress and apoptosis. Naunyn-Schmiedeberg’s Archives of Pharmacology, 394, 707-716. [CrossRef]
• 5. Abdalla, A., Murali, C., Amin, A. (2022). Safranal inhibits angiogenesis via targeting HIF-1α/VEGF machinery: in vitro and ex vivo insights. Frontiers in Oncology, 11, 5938. [CrossRef]
• 6. Milajerdi, A., Djafarian, K., Hosseini, B. (2016). The toxicity of saffron (Crocus sativus L.) and its constituents against normal and cancer cells. Journal of Nutrition & Intermediary Metabolism, 3, 23-32. [CrossRef]
• 7. Shakeri, M., Tayer, A.H., Shakeri, H., Jahromi, A.S., Moradzadeh, M., Hojjat-Farsangi, M. (2020). Toxicity of saffron extracts on cancer and normal cells: A review article. Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention, 21(7), 1867. [CrossRef]
• 8. Berridge, M.V., Tan, A.S., McCoy, K.D., Wang, R.U.I. (1996). The biochemical and cellular basis of cell proliferation assays that use tetrazolium salts. Biochemica, 4(1), 14-19.
• 9. Choudhary, M.I., Thomsen, W.J. (2001). Bioassay techniques for drug development. CRC Press, Amsterdam, p.26.
• 10. Keogh, R.J. (2010). New technology for investigating trophoblast function. Placenta, 31(4), 347-350. [CrossRef]
• 11. Urcan, E., Haertel, U., Styllou, M., Hickel, R., Scherthan, H., Reichl, F.X. (2010). Real-time xCELLigence impedance analysis of the cytotoxicity of dental composite components on human gingival fibroblasts. Dental Materials, 26(1), 51-58. [CrossRef]
• 12. Karaboğa Arslan, A.K., Öztürk, E., Yerer, M.B. (2017). Monitoring the effectiveness and time dependency of vanadium pentoxide cytotoxicity on A549 and Beas-2b celllLines. Journal of Cancer Biology & Research, 5(2), 1097.
• 13. Moodley, K., Angel, C.E., Glass, M., Graham, E.S. (2011). Real-time profiling of NK cell killing of human astrocytes using xCELLigence technology. Journal of Neuroscience Methods, 200(2), 173-180. [CrossRef]
• 14. Golke, A., Cymerys, J., Slonska, A., Dzieciatkowski, T., Chmielewska, A., Tucholska, A., Banbura, M.W. (2012). The xCELLigence system for real-time and label-free analysis of neuronal and dermal cell response to Equine Herpesvirus type 1 infection. Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences, 15(1), 151-153.
• 15. Chauhan, S.S., Singh, A.K., Meena, S., Lohani, M., Singh, A., Arya, R.K., Chauhan, P.M. (2014). Synthesis of novel β-carboline based chalcones with high cytotoxic activity against breast cancer cells. Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters, 24(13), 2820-2824. [CrossRef]
• 16. Escribano, J., Alonso, G.L., Coca-Prados, M., Fernández, J.A. (1996). Crocin, safranal and picrocrocin from saffron (Crocus sativus L.) inhibit the growth of human cancer cells in vitro. Cancer Letters, 100(1-2), 23-30. [CrossRef]
• 17. Naghshineh, A., Dadras, A., Ghalandari, B., Riazi, G.H., Modaresi, S.M.S., Afrasiabi, A., Aslani, M.K. (2015). Safranal as a novel anti-tubulin binding agent with potential use in cancer therapy: An in vitro study. Chemico-Biological Interactions, 238, 151-160. [CrossRef]
• 18. Malaekeh‐Nikouei, B., Mousavi, S.H., Shahsavand, S., Mehri, S., Nassirli, H., Moallem, S.A. (2013). Assessment of cytotoxic properties of safranal and nanoliposomal safranal in various cancer cell lines. Phytotherapy Research, 27(12), 1868-1873. [CrossRef]
• 19. Samarghandian, S., Shabestari, M.M. (2013). DNA fragmentation and apoptosis induced by safranal in human prostate cancer cell line. Indian Journal of Urology, 29(3), 177-183.
• 20. Geromichalos, G.D., Papadopoulos, T., Sahpazidou, D., Sinakos, Z. (2014). Safranal, a Crocus sativus L constituent suppresses the growth of K-562 cells of chronic myelogenous leukemia. In silico and in vitro study. Food and Chemical Toxicology, 74, 45-50. [CrossRef]
• 21. Jabini, R., Ehtesham-Gharaee, M., Dalirsani, Z., Mosaffa, F., Delavarian, Z., Behravan, J. (2017). Evaluation of the cytotoxic activity of crocin and safranal, constituents of saffron, in oral squamous cell carcinoma (KB Cell Line). Nutrition and Cancer, 69(6), 911-919. [CrossRef]