Araştırma Makalesi
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ASSESSMENT OF AWARENESS AND BEHAVIORAL HABITS TO REDUCE DIETARY EXPOSURE TO MYCOTOXINS

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 47 Sayı: 3, 994 - 1002, 20.09.2023
https://doi.org/10.33483/jfpau.1344356

Öz

Objective: Mycotoxins are known as secondary fungal metabolites that cause biochemical, physiological, and/or pathological changes in many species, including animals and plants. According to the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), these substances contaminate about 25% of all food in the world. Mycotoxins are responsible for many different disorders affecting the gastrointestinal, urogenital, vascular, renal, and nervous systems, as well as cancers. Key strategies for preventing and controlling exposure to mycotoxins include controlling toxin formation, implementing surveillance and monitoring programs to prevent human exposure, detoxifying the mycotoxins through biological, chemical, and physical means, and promoting dietary diversification. Although exposure cannot be avoided entirely, implementing monitoring programs is crucial to minimize it. In general, prevention of exposure to mycotoxins should receive greater emphasis. This study aims to provide information about mycotoxins and raise awareness about mycotoxin exposure.
Material and Method: This cross-sectional survey study was conducted with voluntary participants in Turkey between January 25, 2023-July 25, 2023, via electronic questionnaire. The questionnaire included socio-demographic data, income status, general dietary habits, frequency of consumption of mycotoxin-rich foods, knowledge about mycotoxins, and implementation of measures to prevent mycotoxin exposure.
Result and Discussion: A total of 796 participants (52.6% female, 46.7% male, and 0.6% other) were included in the study. This study concludes that the participants considered both the price and quality of food to be important factors. The study indicates that a high percentage of participants are unaware of the concept of mycotoxin and the associated health risk. A statistically significant change was found between whether the participants were knowledgeable about nutrition and whether they knew the concept of mycotoxin (p<0.05). There was a statistically significant difference in participants' knowledge of healthy nutrition and knowledge of the health hazards of mycotoxins. (p<0.05). The results indicate a requirement for comprehensive management against mycotoxins and mycotoxin exposure, which can cause several health problems in humans.

Kaynakça

  • 1. Rovetto, E.I., Luz, C., La Spada, F., Meca, G., Riolo, M., Cacciola, S.O. (2023). Diversity of mycotoxins and other secondary metabolites recovered from blood oranges infected by colletotrichum, alternaria, and penicillium species. Toxins, 15(7), 407. [CrossRef]
  • 2. Redel, H. (2013). Foodborne infections and intoxications. Emerging Infectious Diseases, 19(12), 2067-2067. [CrossRef]
  • 3. Soares Mateus, A.R., Barros, S., Pena, A., Sanches Silva, A. (2021). Mycotoxins in pistachios (Pistacia vera L.): Methods for determination, occurrence, decontamination. Toxins, 13(10), 682. [CrossRef]
  • 4. Freire, F.D.C.O., da Rocha, M.E.B. (2016). Impact of mycotoxins on human health. In Fungal Metabolites (pp. 1-23). Springer International Publishing. [CrossRef]
  • 5. Liu, L., Xie, M., Wei, D. (2022). Biological detoxification of mycotoxins: Current status and future advances. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 23(3), 1064. [CrossRef]
  • 6. Coppock, R.W., Dziwenka, M.M. (2019). Mycotoxins. In Biomarkers in Toxicology (pp. 615-626). Academic Press. [CrossRef]
  • 7. Al-Jaal, B.A., Jaganjac, M., Barcaru, A., Horvatovich, P., Latiff, A. (2019). Aflatoxin, fumonisin, ochratoxin, zearalenone and deoxynivalenol biomarkers in human biological fluids: A systematic literature review, 2001–2018. Food and Chemical Toxicology, 129, 211-228. [CrossRef]
  • 8. Xu, R., Kiarie, E.G., Yiannikouris, A., Sun, L., Karrow, N.A. (2022). Nutritional impact of mycotoxins in food animal production and strategies for mitigation. Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology, 13(1), 69. [CrossRef]
  • 9. Pleadin, J., Frece, J., Markov, K. (2019). Mycotoxins in food and feed. Advances in Food and Nutrition Research, 89, 297-345. [CrossRef]
  • 10. Awuchi, C.G., Ondari, E.N., Nwozo, S., Odongo, G.A., Eseoghene, I.J., Twinomuhwezi, H., Ogbonna, C.U., Upadhyay, A.K., Adeleye, A.O., Okpala, C.O.R. (2022). Mycotoxins’ toxicological mechanisms involving humans, livestock and their associated health concerns: A Review. Toxins, 14(3), 167. [CrossRef]
  • 11. Demirel, G., Alpertunga, B., Ozden, S. (2015). Role of fumonisin B1 on DNA methylation changes in rat kidney and liver cells. Pharmaceutical Biology, 53(9), 1302-1310. [CrossRef]
  • 12. Stein, R.A., Bulboacӑ, A.E. (2017). Mycotoxins. In Foodborne Diseases (pp. 407-446). Academic Press. [CrossRef]
  • 13. Ezekiel, C.N., Ayeni, K.I., Akinyemi, M.O., Sulyok, M., Oyedele, O.A., Babalola, D.A., Ogara, I.M., Krska, R. (2021). Dietary risk assessment and consumer awareness of mycotoxins among household consumers of cereals, nuts and legumes in North-Central Nigeria. Toxins, 13(9), 635. [CrossRef]
  • 14. Castegnaro, M., Canadas, D., Vrabcheva, T., Petkova-Bocharova, T., Chernozemsky, I.N., Pfohl-Leszkowicz, A. (2006). Balkan endemic nephropathy: Role of ochratoxins A through biomarkers. Molecular Nutrition & Food Research, 50(6), 519-529. [CrossRef]
  • 15. Adekoya, I., Njobeh, P., Obadina, A., Chilaka, C., Okoth, S., De Boevre, M., De Saeger, S. (2017). Awareness and prevalence of mycotoxin contamination in selected Nigerian fermented foods. Toxins, 9(11), 363. [CrossRef]
  • 16. Koch, S., Lohmann, M., Epp, A., Böl, G.F. (2017). Risikowahrnehmung von kontaminanten in lebensmitteln. Bundesgesundheitsblatt - Gesundheitsforschung - Gesundheitsschutz, 60(7), 774-782. [CrossRef]
  • 17. Muñoz, K., Wagner, M., Pauli, F., Christ, J., Reese, G. (2021). Knowledge and behavioral habits to reduce mycotoxin dietary exposure at household level in a cohort of German University students. Toxins, 13(11), 760. [CrossRef]
  • 18. Patil, S.R., Cates, S., Morales, R. (2005). Consumer food safety knowledge, practices, and demographic differences: Findings from a meta-analysis. Journal of Food Protection, 68(9), 1884-1894. [CrossRef]

MİKOTOKSİNLERE DİYETLE MARUZİYETİ AZALTMAK İÇİN FARKINDALIK DÜZEYİ VE DAVRANIŞSAL ALIŞKANLIKLARININ DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 47 Sayı: 3, 994 - 1002, 20.09.2023
https://doi.org/10.33483/jfpau.1344356

Öz

Amaç: Mikotoksinler, hayvanlar ve bitkiler de dahil olmak üzere birçok türde biyokimyasal, fizyolojik ve/veya patolojik değişikliklere neden olan ikincil mantar metabolitleri olarak bilinmektedir. Gıda ve Tarım Örgütü'ne (FAO) göre, bu maddeler dünyadaki tüm gıdaların yaklaşık %25'ini kirletmektedir. Mikotoksinler gastrointestinal, ürogenital, vasküler, renal ve sinir sistemlerini etkileyen birçok farklı rahatsızlığın yanı sıra kanserlerden de sorumludur. Mikotoksinlere maruz kalmanın önlenmesi ve kontrol altına alınmasına yönelik temel stratejiler arasında toksin oluşumunun kontrol altına alınması, insanların maruz kalmasını önlemek için gözetim ve izleme programlarının uygulanması, mikotoksinlerin biyolojik, kimyasal ve fiziksel yollarla detoksifiye edilmesi ve diyet çeşitliliğinin teşvik edilmesi yer almaktadır. Maruziyet tamamen önlenemese de, izleme programlarının uygulanması maruziyeti en aza indirmek için çok önemlidir. Genel olarak, mikotoksinlere maruz kalmanın önlenmesine daha fazla önem verilmelidir. Bu çalışma, mikotoksinler hakkında bilgi vermeyi ve mikotoksin maruziyeti konusunda farkındalık yaratmayı amaçlamaktadır.
Gereç ve Yöntem: Bu kesitsel anket çalışması, 25 Ocak 2023-25 Temmuz 2023 tarihleri arasında Türkiye'deki gönüllü katılımcılarla elektronik anket yoluyla gerçekleştirilmiştir. Anket sosyo-demografik veriler, gelir durumu, genel beslenme alışkanlıkları, mikotoksin bakımından zengin gıdaların tüketim sıklığı, mikotoksinler hakkında bilgi ve mikotoksin maruziyetini önlemeye yönelik tedbirlerin uygulanmasını içermektedir.
Sonuç ve Tartışma: 796 katılımcı (%52,6 kadın, %46,7 erkek ve %0,6 diğer) çalışmaya dahil edilmiştir. Bu çalışma, katılımcıların gıdanın hem fiyatını hem de kalitesini önemli faktörler olarak gördükleri sonucuna varmıştır. Çalışma, katılımcıların yüksek bir yüzdesinin mikotoksin kavramından ve buna bağlı sağlık riskinden habersiz olduğunu göstermektedir. Katılımcıların beslenme konusunda bilgili olup olmamaları ile mikotoksin kavramını bilip bilmemeleri arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir değişim bulunmuştur (p<0.05). Katılımcıların sağlıklı beslenme bilgisi ile mikotoksinlerin sağlığa zararları bilgisi arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir fark bulunmuştur. (p<0.05). Sonuçlar, insanlarda çeşitli sağlık sorunlarına neden olabilen mikotoksinlere ve mikotoksin maruziyetine karşı kapsamlı bir yönetimin gerekliliğine işaret etmektedir.

Kaynakça

  • 1. Rovetto, E.I., Luz, C., La Spada, F., Meca, G., Riolo, M., Cacciola, S.O. (2023). Diversity of mycotoxins and other secondary metabolites recovered from blood oranges infected by colletotrichum, alternaria, and penicillium species. Toxins, 15(7), 407. [CrossRef]
  • 2. Redel, H. (2013). Foodborne infections and intoxications. Emerging Infectious Diseases, 19(12), 2067-2067. [CrossRef]
  • 3. Soares Mateus, A.R., Barros, S., Pena, A., Sanches Silva, A. (2021). Mycotoxins in pistachios (Pistacia vera L.): Methods for determination, occurrence, decontamination. Toxins, 13(10), 682. [CrossRef]
  • 4. Freire, F.D.C.O., da Rocha, M.E.B. (2016). Impact of mycotoxins on human health. In Fungal Metabolites (pp. 1-23). Springer International Publishing. [CrossRef]
  • 5. Liu, L., Xie, M., Wei, D. (2022). Biological detoxification of mycotoxins: Current status and future advances. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 23(3), 1064. [CrossRef]
  • 6. Coppock, R.W., Dziwenka, M.M. (2019). Mycotoxins. In Biomarkers in Toxicology (pp. 615-626). Academic Press. [CrossRef]
  • 7. Al-Jaal, B.A., Jaganjac, M., Barcaru, A., Horvatovich, P., Latiff, A. (2019). Aflatoxin, fumonisin, ochratoxin, zearalenone and deoxynivalenol biomarkers in human biological fluids: A systematic literature review, 2001–2018. Food and Chemical Toxicology, 129, 211-228. [CrossRef]
  • 8. Xu, R., Kiarie, E.G., Yiannikouris, A., Sun, L., Karrow, N.A. (2022). Nutritional impact of mycotoxins in food animal production and strategies for mitigation. Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology, 13(1), 69. [CrossRef]
  • 9. Pleadin, J., Frece, J., Markov, K. (2019). Mycotoxins in food and feed. Advances in Food and Nutrition Research, 89, 297-345. [CrossRef]
  • 10. Awuchi, C.G., Ondari, E.N., Nwozo, S., Odongo, G.A., Eseoghene, I.J., Twinomuhwezi, H., Ogbonna, C.U., Upadhyay, A.K., Adeleye, A.O., Okpala, C.O.R. (2022). Mycotoxins’ toxicological mechanisms involving humans, livestock and their associated health concerns: A Review. Toxins, 14(3), 167. [CrossRef]
  • 11. Demirel, G., Alpertunga, B., Ozden, S. (2015). Role of fumonisin B1 on DNA methylation changes in rat kidney and liver cells. Pharmaceutical Biology, 53(9), 1302-1310. [CrossRef]
  • 12. Stein, R.A., Bulboacӑ, A.E. (2017). Mycotoxins. In Foodborne Diseases (pp. 407-446). Academic Press. [CrossRef]
  • 13. Ezekiel, C.N., Ayeni, K.I., Akinyemi, M.O., Sulyok, M., Oyedele, O.A., Babalola, D.A., Ogara, I.M., Krska, R. (2021). Dietary risk assessment and consumer awareness of mycotoxins among household consumers of cereals, nuts and legumes in North-Central Nigeria. Toxins, 13(9), 635. [CrossRef]
  • 14. Castegnaro, M., Canadas, D., Vrabcheva, T., Petkova-Bocharova, T., Chernozemsky, I.N., Pfohl-Leszkowicz, A. (2006). Balkan endemic nephropathy: Role of ochratoxins A through biomarkers. Molecular Nutrition & Food Research, 50(6), 519-529. [CrossRef]
  • 15. Adekoya, I., Njobeh, P., Obadina, A., Chilaka, C., Okoth, S., De Boevre, M., De Saeger, S. (2017). Awareness and prevalence of mycotoxin contamination in selected Nigerian fermented foods. Toxins, 9(11), 363. [CrossRef]
  • 16. Koch, S., Lohmann, M., Epp, A., Böl, G.F. (2017). Risikowahrnehmung von kontaminanten in lebensmitteln. Bundesgesundheitsblatt - Gesundheitsforschung - Gesundheitsschutz, 60(7), 774-782. [CrossRef]
  • 17. Muñoz, K., Wagner, M., Pauli, F., Christ, J., Reese, G. (2021). Knowledge and behavioral habits to reduce mycotoxin dietary exposure at household level in a cohort of German University students. Toxins, 13(11), 760. [CrossRef]
  • 18. Patil, S.R., Cates, S., Morales, R. (2005). Consumer food safety knowledge, practices, and demographic differences: Findings from a meta-analysis. Journal of Food Protection, 68(9), 1884-1894. [CrossRef]
Toplam 18 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Farmasotik Toksikoloji
Bölüm Araştırma Makalesi
Yazarlar

Göksun Demirel 0000-0002-2994-5505

Nida Nur Doğan 0009-0004-9400-6960

Erken Görünüm Tarihi 29 Ağustos 2023
Yayımlanma Tarihi 20 Eylül 2023
Gönderilme Tarihi 17 Ağustos 2023
Kabul Tarihi 27 Ağustos 2023
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2023 Cilt: 47 Sayı: 3

Kaynak Göster

APA Demirel, G., & Doğan, N. N. (2023). ASSESSMENT OF AWARENESS AND BEHAVIORAL HABITS TO REDUCE DIETARY EXPOSURE TO MYCOTOXINS. Journal of Faculty of Pharmacy of Ankara University, 47(3), 994-1002. https://doi.org/10.33483/jfpau.1344356
AMA Demirel G, Doğan NN. ASSESSMENT OF AWARENESS AND BEHAVIORAL HABITS TO REDUCE DIETARY EXPOSURE TO MYCOTOXINS. Ankara Ecz. Fak. Derg. Eylül 2023;47(3):994-1002. doi:10.33483/jfpau.1344356
Chicago Demirel, Göksun, ve Nida Nur Doğan. “ASSESSMENT OF AWARENESS AND BEHAVIORAL HABITS TO REDUCE DIETARY EXPOSURE TO MYCOTOXINS”. Journal of Faculty of Pharmacy of Ankara University 47, sy. 3 (Eylül 2023): 994-1002. https://doi.org/10.33483/jfpau.1344356.
EndNote Demirel G, Doğan NN (01 Eylül 2023) ASSESSMENT OF AWARENESS AND BEHAVIORAL HABITS TO REDUCE DIETARY EXPOSURE TO MYCOTOXINS. Journal of Faculty of Pharmacy of Ankara University 47 3 994–1002.
IEEE G. Demirel ve N. N. Doğan, “ASSESSMENT OF AWARENESS AND BEHAVIORAL HABITS TO REDUCE DIETARY EXPOSURE TO MYCOTOXINS”, Ankara Ecz. Fak. Derg., c. 47, sy. 3, ss. 994–1002, 2023, doi: 10.33483/jfpau.1344356.
ISNAD Demirel, Göksun - Doğan, Nida Nur. “ASSESSMENT OF AWARENESS AND BEHAVIORAL HABITS TO REDUCE DIETARY EXPOSURE TO MYCOTOXINS”. Journal of Faculty of Pharmacy of Ankara University 47/3 (Eylül 2023), 994-1002. https://doi.org/10.33483/jfpau.1344356.
JAMA Demirel G, Doğan NN. ASSESSMENT OF AWARENESS AND BEHAVIORAL HABITS TO REDUCE DIETARY EXPOSURE TO MYCOTOXINS. Ankara Ecz. Fak. Derg. 2023;47:994–1002.
MLA Demirel, Göksun ve Nida Nur Doğan. “ASSESSMENT OF AWARENESS AND BEHAVIORAL HABITS TO REDUCE DIETARY EXPOSURE TO MYCOTOXINS”. Journal of Faculty of Pharmacy of Ankara University, c. 47, sy. 3, 2023, ss. 994-1002, doi:10.33483/jfpau.1344356.
Vancouver Demirel G, Doğan NN. ASSESSMENT OF AWARENESS AND BEHAVIORAL HABITS TO REDUCE DIETARY EXPOSURE TO MYCOTOXINS. Ankara Ecz. Fak. Derg. 2023;47(3):994-1002.

Kapsam ve Amaç

Ankara Üniversitesi Eczacılık Fakültesi Dergisi, açık erişim, hakemli bir dergi olup Türkçe veya İngilizce olarak farmasötik bilimler alanındaki önemli gelişmeleri içeren orijinal araştırmalar, derlemeler ve kısa bildiriler için uluslararası bir yayım ortamıdır. Bilimsel toplantılarda sunulan bildiriler supleman özel sayısı olarak dergide yayımlanabilir. Ayrıca, tüm farmasötik alandaki gelecek ve önceki ulusal ve uluslararası bilimsel toplantılar ile sosyal aktiviteleri içerir.