New Member of Biotics Family Postbiotics

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 3 Sayı: 3, 259 - 272, 25.12.2021

Dilara Sak Günsu Soykut

Öz

This review article aimed to evaluate the potential effects of postbiotics on health based on the current literature obtained upon entering the keywords 'postbiotic', 'postbiotic and health' into scientific databases such as Google Scholar, PubMed and ScienceDirect. Postbiotics produced by living microorganisms are expressed as non-living microbial cells, microbial fractions or cell lysates. At the same time, paraprobiotics and fermented infant formulas expressed as postbiotics have many physiological benefits on host health. It shows potential effects that positively affect health in children, adults and the elderly, such as anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, immunomodulatory, anti-obesogenic, anti-cancer, antioxidant, antihypertensive and hypocholesterolemic properties. It is also thought that postbiotics may provide additional benefits over other microorganisms (probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics). It is known that postbiotics show these effects locally on the intestinal epithelium and systematically on organs and tissues. There are animal and human studies showing the relationship between postbiotics and health. There is a need for in vitro and in vivo studies in where the effects of postbiotics will be examined in detail (ideal dose, chronic disease relationship, possible side effects, etc.).

Anahtar Kelimeler

Postbiotic, Paraprobiotic, Health.

Biyotikler Ailesinin Yeni Üyesi: Postbiyotikler

Öz

Bu derleme tarzı yazı Google Akademik, PubMed ve ScienceDirect vb. bilimsel veri tabanlarına ‘postbiyotik’, ‘postbiyotik ve sağlık’ anahtar kelimelerinin girilmesi üzerine elde edilen güncel literatürden yola çıkarak postbiyotiklerin sağlık üzerindeki potansiyel etkilerinin değerlendirilmesini hedeflemiştir. Canlı mikroorganizmalar tarafından üretilen postbiyotikler, cansız mikrobiyal hücreler, mikrobiyal fraksiyonlar veya hücre lizatları olarak ifade edilmektedir. Aynı zamanda postbiyotik olarak ifade edilen paraprobiyotikler ve fermente edilmiş bebek formulalarının, konakçı sağlığı üzerinde birçok fizyolojik faydası bulunmaktadır. Çocuklarda, yetişkinlerde ve yaşlılarda anti-inflamatuvar, antimikrobiyal, immünomodülatör, anti-obezojenik, anti-kanser, antioksidan, antihipertansif, hipokolesterolemik gibi sağlığı olumlu yönde etkileyen potansiyel etkiler göstermektedir. Ayrıca postbiyotiklerin diğer mikroorganizmalara (probiyotikler, prebiyotikler, sinbiyotikler) göre ek faydalar sağlayabileceği düşünülmektedir. Postbiyotiklerin bu etkilerini lokal olarak barsak epiteli üzerinden, sistematik olarak organ ve dokular üzerinden gösterdikleri bilinmektedir. Postbiyotiklerin sağlık ile ilişkisini gösteren hayvan ve insan çalışmaları mevcuttur. Postbiyotiklerin etkilerinin detaylı incelendiği (ideal doz, kronik hastalık ilişkisi, olası yan etkileri vb.) in vitro ve in vivo çalışmalara ihtiyaç vardır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

postbiyotik, paraprobiyotik, sağlık

Kaynakça

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