Araştırma Makalesi
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COVİD 19 Tanısı Almış Bireylerin İyileşme Sonrası Yaşadıkları Semptomlar

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 4 Sayı: 2, 142 - 151, 25.08.2022

Öz

Amaç: COVID-19'dan iyileşen ve taburcu edilen hastalarda semptomlar devam etmektedir. Bu nedenle COVID-19 hastalığı sonrası yaşanan semptomların belirlenmesi ve tedavisine yönelik yeterli çalışmaların yapılabilmesi için çalışmaların iyileşme sonrası döneme de odaklanması gereklidir. Bu araştırma, COVID-19 teşhisi konan bireylerin iyileştikten sonra yaşadıkları semptomları belirlenmesi amacıyla yapılmıştır.
Yöntem: Bu kesitsel çalışma, Nisan-Haziran 2021 tarihleri arasında Türkiye'nin bir ilinde COVID-19 tanısı konan ve iyileşen hastalarla yapılmıştır. Çalışmaya toplam 1940 kişi katılırken, araştırmaya dahil edilme kriterlerini karşılayan 1443 kişi çalışmaya dahil edilmiştir. Veriler, araştırmacılar tarafından hazırlanan anket formu ve semptom analiz formu ile toplanmıştır.
Bulgular: COVID-19'lu kişilerin %97,7'si en az bir semptom yaşamaktadır. En sık görülen semptomlar sırasıyla yorgunluk/güçsüzlük, kemik veya eklem ağrısı, baş ağrısı, endişeli hissetme, unutkanlık ve sırt ağrısıdır. Ayrıca bireylerin iyileştikten sonra yaşadıkları semptom yükünün de sahip oldukları kronik hastalık sayısı ile ilişkili olduğu saptanmıştır.
Sonuç ve Öneriler: COVID-19 sonrası erken dönemde iyileşen ve başta kronik hastalıklar ve obezite olmak üzere potansiyel risk faktörlerine sahip kişilerin takibi önemlidir.

Kaynakça

  • Carfì, A., Bernabei, R., & Landi, F. (2020). Persistent symptoms in patients after acute COVID19. Jama, 324(6), 603-605.
  • Cascella, M., Rajnik, M., Cuomo, A., Dulebohn, S. C., & Napoli, R. D. (2020). Features, evaluation and treatment coronavirus (COVID‐19). StatPearls Publishing, Treasure Island, FL, 2020.
  • Chen, N., Zhou, M., Dong, X., Qu, J., Gong, F., Han, Y., Qiu, Y., Wang, J., Liu, Y., Wei, Y., Xia, J., Yu, T., Zhang, X., & Zhanng. (2020). Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of 99 cases of 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia in Wuhan, China: a descriptive study. Lancet, 395(10223), 507‐513.
  • Garrigues, E., Janvier, P., Kherabi, Y., Bot, A. L., Hamon, A., Gouze, H., Doucet, L., Berkani, S., Oliosi, E., Mallart, E., Corre, F., Zarrouk, V., Moyer, J., Galy, A., Honsel, V., Fantin, B., & Nguyen, Y., (2020). Post-discharge persistent symptoms and health-related quality of life after hospitalization for COVID-19. J Infect, 81(6), e4-e6. doi:10.1016/j.jinf.2020.08.029
  • Huang, C., Wang, Y., Li, X., Ren, L., Zhao, J., Hu, Y., Zhang L., Fan, G., Xu, J., Gu, X., Cheng, Z., Yu, T., Xia, J., Wei, Y., Wu, W., Xie, X., Yin, W., Li, H., Liu, M., Xiao, Y., Gao, H., Guo, L., Xie, J., Wang, G., Jiang, R., Gao, Z., Jin, Q., Wang, J., & Cao, B. C. (2020). Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan, China. Lancet, 395(10223), 497‐506.
  • Jaffri, A., & Jaffri, U. A. (2020). Post-Intensive care syndrome and COVID-19: crisis after a crisis?. Heart Lung, 49(6), 883-884. doi: 10.1016/j.hrtlng.2020.06.006.
  • Jin, Y., Yang, H., Ji, W., Wu, W., Chen, S., Zhang, W., & Duan, G. (2020). Virology, Epidemiology, pathogenesis, and control of COVID‐19. Viruses, 12(14), 372. doi: 10.3390/v12040372.
  • Kim, E., Erdos, G., Huang, S., Kenniston, T. W., Balmert, S. C., Carey, C. D., Raj, V. S., Epperly, M. W., Klimstra, W. B., Haagmans, B. L., Korkmaz, E., Jr, L., & Gambotto, A. (2020). Microneedle array delivered recombinant coronavirus vaccines: Immunogenicity and rapid translational development. EBioMedicine, 102743. doi: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2020.102743
  • King's College London. New research identifies those most at risk from 'long COVID. 21 October 2020. Date of Access: 12.07.2021. https://www.kcl.ac.uk/news/study-identifies-those-most-risk-long-COVID
  • Long-Term Effects of COVID-19. Date of Access: 12.07.2021. https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/long-term-effects.html
  • National Health Commission of China. The guidelines for diagnosis and treatment of novel coronavirus (2019‐nCoV) infected pneumonia (the sixth edition draft) issued by the National Health Commission of China. http://www.gov.cn/zhengce/zhengceku/2020‐02/19/content_5480948.htm2020. (Date of access: 13.07.2021).
  • Organization, WH. Noncommunicable diseases [Available from: https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/ noncommunicable-diseases
  • Patient-led Research for COVID-19: Report: What does COVID-19 recovery actually look like? May 11, 2020. Date of Access: 06.12.2020. https://patientresearchCOVID19.com/research/report-1
  • Petersen, M. S., Kristiansen, M. F., Hanusson, K. D., Danielsen, M. E., Á Steig, B., Gaini, S., Strom, M., & Weihe P. (2020). Long COVID in the Faroe Islands - a longitudinal study among non-hospitalized patients. Clin Infect Dis, Nov 30, ciaa1792. doi: 10.1093/cid/ciaa1792
  • Stavem, K., Ghanima, W., Olsen, M. K., Gilboe, H. M., & Einvik, G. (2021). Persistent symptoms 1.5-6 months after COVID-19 in non-hospitalised subjects: A population-based cohort study. Thorax, 76(4), 405-407. https://doi.org/10.1136/thoraxjnl-2020-216377.
  • Sudre, C. H., Murray, B., Varsavsky, T., Graham, M. S., Penfold, R. S., Bowyer, R. C., Klaser, K., Canas, L. S., Molteni, E., Modat, M., Cardoso, M. J., Nguyen L. H., Drew, D. A., Fall, T., Wolf, J., Ourselin, S., & Steves, C. J. (2020). Attributes and predictors of Long-COVID: analysis of COVID cases and their symptoms collected by the Covid Symptoms Study App. Medrxiv.
  • Sun, P., Lu, X., Xu, C., Sun, W., & Pan, B. (2020). Understanding of COVID‐19 based on current evidence. J Med Virol, 92(6), 548–551. doi: 10.1002/jmv.25722
  • Sykes, D. L., Holdsworth, L., Jawad, N., Gunasekera, P., Morice, A. H., & Crooks, M. G. (2021). Post-COVID-19 Symptom Burden: What is Long-COVID and How Should We Manage It?. Lung, 199(2), 113-119.
  • Tenforde, M. W., Kim, S. S., Lindsell, C. J., Rose, E. B., Shapiro, N. I., Files, D. C., Gibbs, K. W., Erickson, H. L., Steingrub, J. S., Smithline, H. A., Gong, M. N., Aboodi, M. S., Exline M. C., Henning, D. J., … & Feldstein, L. R. (2020). Symptom Duration and Risk Factors for Delayed Return to Usual Health Among Outpatients with COVID-19 in a Multi-State Health Care Systems Network - United States, March-June 2020. MMWR, 69, 993-998.
  • Tran, V., Riveros, C., Clepier, B., Desvarieux, M., Collet, C., Yordanov, Y., & Ravaud, P. (2021). Development and validation of the long coronavirus disease (COVID) symptom and ımpact tools: a set of patient-reported ınstruments constructed from patients’ lived experience, Clinical Infectious Diseases, ciab352. https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciab352
  • Vittori, A., Lerman, J., Cascella, M., Gomez-Morad, A. D., Marchetti, G., Marinangeli, F., & Picardo, S.G. (2020). COVID‐19 Pandemic ARDS Survivors: Pain after the Storm?. Anesth Analg, 4, 10.1213/ANE.0000000000004914.
  • Wang, D., Hu, B., Hu, C., Zhu, F., Liu, X., Zhang, J., Wang, B., Xiang, H., Cheng, Z., Xiong, Y., Zhao, Y., Li, Y., Wang, X., & Peng, Z. (2020). Clinical characteristics of 138 hospitalized patients with 2019 novel coronavirus‐infected pneumonia in Wuhan, China. JAMA, 323(11), 1061-1069.
  • Wang, M., Wu, Q., Xu, W., Qiao, B., Wang, J., Zheng, H., Jiang, S., Mei, J., Wu, Z., Deng, Y., Zhou, F., Wu, W., Zhang, Y., Lv, Z., Huang, J., Guo, X., Feng, L., Xia, Z., Li, D., Xu, Z., Liu, T., Zhang, P., Tong, Y., & Li, Y. (2020). Clinical diagnosis of 8274 samples with 2019‐novel coronavirus in Wuhan. medRxiv. doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.02.12.20022327
  • Wiersinga, W. J., Rhodes, A., Cheng, A. C., Peacock, S. J., & Prescott, H. C. (2020). Pathophysiology, Transmission, Diagnosis, and Treatment of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): A Review. JAMA, 324(8), 782-793.
  • World Health Organization. Coronavirus disease (COVID-19). Retrieved from https://www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novel-coronavirus-2019/question-and-answers-hub/q-a-detail/q-a-coronaviruses#:~:text=symptoms (Date of access: Semptember 2021)
  • Zhou, F., Yu, T., Du, R., Fan, G., Liu, Y., Liu, Z., Xiang, J., Wang, Y., Song, B., Gu, X., Guan, L., Wei, Y., Li, H., Wu, X., Xu, J., Tu, S., Zhang, Y., Chen, H., & Cao, B. (2020). Clinical course and risk factors for mortality of adult inpatients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China: a retrospective cohort study. Lancet, 395(10229), 1054-1062.
  • Zhou, G,. & Chi, C. (2020). A model simulation study on effects of intervention measures in Wuhan COVID‐19 epidemic. medRxiv. doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.02.14.20023168

The Symptoms Experienced by COVID-19 Patients Following the Recovery

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 4 Sayı: 2, 142 - 151, 25.08.2022

Öz

Purpose: Patients discharged after recovering from COVID-19 continue to experience symptoms. For this reason, in order to carry out sufficient studies regarding the determination and treatment of symptoms experienced after COVID-19 disease, the studies should also focus on the post-recovery period. The study was conducted to determine the symptoms experienced by individuals, who were diagnosed with COVID-19, after recovery.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted with patients who were diagnosed with COVID-19 and recovered in a province in Turkey between April and June 2021. While a total of 1940 people participated in the study, 1443 people who met the criteria were included. The data were collected with a questionnaire form and symptom analysis form prepared by the researchers.
Findings: 97.7% of people with COVID-19 experience at least one symptom. The most common symptoms are having fatigue/weakness, bone or joint pain, headache, feeling anxious, forgetfulness, and back pain, respectively. Furthermore, it was found out that the symptom burden experienced by individuals after recovery was also associated with the number of chronic diseases they had.
Conclusions and Recommendations: It is important to follow up people who recover and have potential risk factors, especially chronic diseases and obesity, in the early period after COVID-19.

Kaynakça

  • Carfì, A., Bernabei, R., & Landi, F. (2020). Persistent symptoms in patients after acute COVID19. Jama, 324(6), 603-605.
  • Cascella, M., Rajnik, M., Cuomo, A., Dulebohn, S. C., & Napoli, R. D. (2020). Features, evaluation and treatment coronavirus (COVID‐19). StatPearls Publishing, Treasure Island, FL, 2020.
  • Chen, N., Zhou, M., Dong, X., Qu, J., Gong, F., Han, Y., Qiu, Y., Wang, J., Liu, Y., Wei, Y., Xia, J., Yu, T., Zhang, X., & Zhanng. (2020). Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of 99 cases of 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia in Wuhan, China: a descriptive study. Lancet, 395(10223), 507‐513.
  • Garrigues, E., Janvier, P., Kherabi, Y., Bot, A. L., Hamon, A., Gouze, H., Doucet, L., Berkani, S., Oliosi, E., Mallart, E., Corre, F., Zarrouk, V., Moyer, J., Galy, A., Honsel, V., Fantin, B., & Nguyen, Y., (2020). Post-discharge persistent symptoms and health-related quality of life after hospitalization for COVID-19. J Infect, 81(6), e4-e6. doi:10.1016/j.jinf.2020.08.029
  • Huang, C., Wang, Y., Li, X., Ren, L., Zhao, J., Hu, Y., Zhang L., Fan, G., Xu, J., Gu, X., Cheng, Z., Yu, T., Xia, J., Wei, Y., Wu, W., Xie, X., Yin, W., Li, H., Liu, M., Xiao, Y., Gao, H., Guo, L., Xie, J., Wang, G., Jiang, R., Gao, Z., Jin, Q., Wang, J., & Cao, B. C. (2020). Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan, China. Lancet, 395(10223), 497‐506.
  • Jaffri, A., & Jaffri, U. A. (2020). Post-Intensive care syndrome and COVID-19: crisis after a crisis?. Heart Lung, 49(6), 883-884. doi: 10.1016/j.hrtlng.2020.06.006.
  • Jin, Y., Yang, H., Ji, W., Wu, W., Chen, S., Zhang, W., & Duan, G. (2020). Virology, Epidemiology, pathogenesis, and control of COVID‐19. Viruses, 12(14), 372. doi: 10.3390/v12040372.
  • Kim, E., Erdos, G., Huang, S., Kenniston, T. W., Balmert, S. C., Carey, C. D., Raj, V. S., Epperly, M. W., Klimstra, W. B., Haagmans, B. L., Korkmaz, E., Jr, L., & Gambotto, A. (2020). Microneedle array delivered recombinant coronavirus vaccines: Immunogenicity and rapid translational development. EBioMedicine, 102743. doi: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2020.102743
  • King's College London. New research identifies those most at risk from 'long COVID. 21 October 2020. Date of Access: 12.07.2021. https://www.kcl.ac.uk/news/study-identifies-those-most-risk-long-COVID
  • Long-Term Effects of COVID-19. Date of Access: 12.07.2021. https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/long-term-effects.html
  • National Health Commission of China. The guidelines for diagnosis and treatment of novel coronavirus (2019‐nCoV) infected pneumonia (the sixth edition draft) issued by the National Health Commission of China. http://www.gov.cn/zhengce/zhengceku/2020‐02/19/content_5480948.htm2020. (Date of access: 13.07.2021).
  • Organization, WH. Noncommunicable diseases [Available from: https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/ noncommunicable-diseases
  • Patient-led Research for COVID-19: Report: What does COVID-19 recovery actually look like? May 11, 2020. Date of Access: 06.12.2020. https://patientresearchCOVID19.com/research/report-1
  • Petersen, M. S., Kristiansen, M. F., Hanusson, K. D., Danielsen, M. E., Á Steig, B., Gaini, S., Strom, M., & Weihe P. (2020). Long COVID in the Faroe Islands - a longitudinal study among non-hospitalized patients. Clin Infect Dis, Nov 30, ciaa1792. doi: 10.1093/cid/ciaa1792
  • Stavem, K., Ghanima, W., Olsen, M. K., Gilboe, H. M., & Einvik, G. (2021). Persistent symptoms 1.5-6 months after COVID-19 in non-hospitalised subjects: A population-based cohort study. Thorax, 76(4), 405-407. https://doi.org/10.1136/thoraxjnl-2020-216377.
  • Sudre, C. H., Murray, B., Varsavsky, T., Graham, M. S., Penfold, R. S., Bowyer, R. C., Klaser, K., Canas, L. S., Molteni, E., Modat, M., Cardoso, M. J., Nguyen L. H., Drew, D. A., Fall, T., Wolf, J., Ourselin, S., & Steves, C. J. (2020). Attributes and predictors of Long-COVID: analysis of COVID cases and their symptoms collected by the Covid Symptoms Study App. Medrxiv.
  • Sun, P., Lu, X., Xu, C., Sun, W., & Pan, B. (2020). Understanding of COVID‐19 based on current evidence. J Med Virol, 92(6), 548–551. doi: 10.1002/jmv.25722
  • Sykes, D. L., Holdsworth, L., Jawad, N., Gunasekera, P., Morice, A. H., & Crooks, M. G. (2021). Post-COVID-19 Symptom Burden: What is Long-COVID and How Should We Manage It?. Lung, 199(2), 113-119.
  • Tenforde, M. W., Kim, S. S., Lindsell, C. J., Rose, E. B., Shapiro, N. I., Files, D. C., Gibbs, K. W., Erickson, H. L., Steingrub, J. S., Smithline, H. A., Gong, M. N., Aboodi, M. S., Exline M. C., Henning, D. J., … & Feldstein, L. R. (2020). Symptom Duration and Risk Factors for Delayed Return to Usual Health Among Outpatients with COVID-19 in a Multi-State Health Care Systems Network - United States, March-June 2020. MMWR, 69, 993-998.
  • Tran, V., Riveros, C., Clepier, B., Desvarieux, M., Collet, C., Yordanov, Y., & Ravaud, P. (2021). Development and validation of the long coronavirus disease (COVID) symptom and ımpact tools: a set of patient-reported ınstruments constructed from patients’ lived experience, Clinical Infectious Diseases, ciab352. https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciab352
  • Vittori, A., Lerman, J., Cascella, M., Gomez-Morad, A. D., Marchetti, G., Marinangeli, F., & Picardo, S.G. (2020). COVID‐19 Pandemic ARDS Survivors: Pain after the Storm?. Anesth Analg, 4, 10.1213/ANE.0000000000004914.
  • Wang, D., Hu, B., Hu, C., Zhu, F., Liu, X., Zhang, J., Wang, B., Xiang, H., Cheng, Z., Xiong, Y., Zhao, Y., Li, Y., Wang, X., & Peng, Z. (2020). Clinical characteristics of 138 hospitalized patients with 2019 novel coronavirus‐infected pneumonia in Wuhan, China. JAMA, 323(11), 1061-1069.
  • Wang, M., Wu, Q., Xu, W., Qiao, B., Wang, J., Zheng, H., Jiang, S., Mei, J., Wu, Z., Deng, Y., Zhou, F., Wu, W., Zhang, Y., Lv, Z., Huang, J., Guo, X., Feng, L., Xia, Z., Li, D., Xu, Z., Liu, T., Zhang, P., Tong, Y., & Li, Y. (2020). Clinical diagnosis of 8274 samples with 2019‐novel coronavirus in Wuhan. medRxiv. doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.02.12.20022327
  • Wiersinga, W. J., Rhodes, A., Cheng, A. C., Peacock, S. J., & Prescott, H. C. (2020). Pathophysiology, Transmission, Diagnosis, and Treatment of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): A Review. JAMA, 324(8), 782-793.
  • World Health Organization. Coronavirus disease (COVID-19). Retrieved from https://www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novel-coronavirus-2019/question-and-answers-hub/q-a-detail/q-a-coronaviruses#:~:text=symptoms (Date of access: Semptember 2021)
  • Zhou, F., Yu, T., Du, R., Fan, G., Liu, Y., Liu, Z., Xiang, J., Wang, Y., Song, B., Gu, X., Guan, L., Wei, Y., Li, H., Wu, X., Xu, J., Tu, S., Zhang, Y., Chen, H., & Cao, B. (2020). Clinical course and risk factors for mortality of adult inpatients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China: a retrospective cohort study. Lancet, 395(10229), 1054-1062.
  • Zhou, G,. & Chi, C. (2020). A model simulation study on effects of intervention measures in Wuhan COVID‐19 epidemic. medRxiv. doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.02.14.20023168
Toplam 27 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Sağlık Kurumları Yönetimi
Bölüm Araştırma Makaleleri
Yazarlar

Ali Kaplan 0000-0001-8242-0110

Özlem Kaplan 0000-0003-1050-8804

Serife Cetin 0000-0002-0900-6025

Erken Görünüm Tarihi 25 Ağustos 2022
Yayımlanma Tarihi 25 Ağustos 2022
Gönderilme Tarihi 29 Mart 2022
Kabul Tarihi 11 Haziran 2022
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2022 Cilt: 4 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA Kaplan, A., Kaplan, Ö., & Cetin, S. (2022). The Symptoms Experienced by COVID-19 Patients Following the Recovery. Genel Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, 4(2), 142-151.

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