Gebelikte Huzursuz Bacak Sendromu

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 5 Sayı: 1, 88 - 102, 25.04.2023

Özlem Kaplan Mürüvvet Başer

Öz

Huzursuz bacak sendromu (HBS) gebelikte en fazla görülen hareket bozukluğu olup gebelerde sağlıklı kadınlara ve erkeklere göre daha sık görülmektedir. Özellikle üçüncü trimesterde olmak üzere gebelerin %21.4’ünü etkilemektedir. Hastalığın gebelikteki patofizyolojisinde genetik, beyin dopamin sistemi ve demir metabolizmasının etkili olduğu düşünülmektedir. Tedavi edilmezse uyku bozukluğu, psikolojik sorunlar, yaşam kalitesinde azalma, preeklampsi, düşük tehdidi, erken doğum, zor doğum, sezeryan doğum ve intrauterin büyüme geriliği gibi komplikasyonlar yaşanabilen hastalığın semptomları genellikle doğumdan sonra kaybolmaktadır.
Hastalığın tanısı Uluslararası Huzursuz Bacak Sendromu Çalışma Grubu'nun temel kriterleri kullanılarak konulmaktadır. Sendromun en önemli birinci basamak tedavisi, gebelikte çok yaygın görülen demir eksikliğini gidermek için yapılan demir takviyesidir. Ancak semptomlar şiddetli ise tedavide güvenilir olan ilaçların kullanılması gerekebilmektedir ancak primer olarak non-farmakolojik yöntemler önerilmektedir. İkinci yaklaşım özellikle gebelikte davranışsal ve farmakolojik olmayan tedavilerin kullanımı olmalıdır. HBS’nin semptom yönetiminde anemi, uyku apnesi, HBS'yi şiddetlendiren ilaç kullanımı gibi faktörlerin kontrol altına alınmasının yanı sıra; orta derecede egzersiz, yoga, sıcak/soğuk su uygulamaları, progresif gevşeme egzersizleri ve uyku hijyeni gibi uygulamaların yapılması önerilmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Gebelik, Huzursuz bacak sendromu, Tedavi.

Destekleyen Kurum

Destekleyen bir kurum bulunmamaktadır.

Restless Legs Syndrome in Pregnancy

Öz

Restless legs syndrome (RLS) is the most common movement disorder in pregnancy and is more common in pregnant women than in healthy women and men. It affects 21.4% of pregnant women, especially in the third trimester. Genetics, brain dopamine system and iron metabolism are thought to be effective in the pathophysiology of the disease in pregnancy. If left untreated, complications such as sleep disturbance, psychological problems, decreased quality of life, preeclampsia, threat of miscarriage, premature birth, difficult birth, cesarean delivery and intrauterine growth retardation can be experienced, and the symptoms of the disease usually disappear after delivery.

The diagnosis of the disease is made using the basic criteria of the International Restless Legs Syndrome Working Group. The most important first-line treatment of the syndrome is iron supplementation to correct iron deficiency, which is very common in pregnancy. However, if the symptoms are severe, it may be necessary to use drugs that are reliable in the treatment, but non-pharmacological methods are recommended primarily. The second approach should be the use of behavioral and non-pharmacological treatments, especially during pregnancy. In the symptom management of RLS, besides controlling factors such as anemia, sleep apnea, drug use that exacerbates RLS; moderate exercise, yoga, hot/cold water applications, progressive relaxation exercises and sleep hygiene are recommended.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Pregnancy, Restless legs syndrome, Treatment.

Kaynakça

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