Pregnancy After Bariatric Surgery: Effects on Mother and Newborn

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 5 Sayı: 3, 452 - 466, 25.12.2023

Fazilet Tamer , Füsun Terzioğlu

Öz

Obesity, which has become a global public health problem, affects the health of many individuals negatively. It is known that it is effective in the emergence of sudden and long-term morbidities in terms of mother and newborn, especially by affecting the reproductive health of women. There is evidence that different surgical procedures performed within the scope of bariatric surgery, which is frequently preferred in the treatment of obesity in recent years, prevent some maternal and fetal complications in morbidly obese pregnant women. This review was conducted to evaluate the effects of bariatric surgery on mothers and newborns and the role of nurses in the follow-up of pregnancy after bariatric surgery. In the literature, it has been determined that there are risks such as micronutrient deficiencies and insufficient weight gain related to maternal health and fetal growth during pregnancy after bariatric surgery. In the studies conducted, the results of the positive effects of bariatric surgery in the treatment of obesity and its positive effects on maternal and newborn health are emphasized. It is reported that bariatric surgery improves pregnancy and fertility with safe pregnancy in terms of pregnancy complications such as preeclampsia, eclampsia, gestational diabetes, and it is safe for newborns in terms of risks such as shoulder dystocia, macrosomia, and birth asphyxia. It is thought that this review study will increase the awareness of nurses about the management of the pregnancy process after bariatric surgery and contribute to the integration of evidence-based practices in this field into nursing care.

Anahtar Kelimeler

bariatric surgery, newborn, maternal health, obesity, pregnancy

Bariatrik Cerrahi Sonrası Gebelik: Anne ve Yenidoğan Üzerine Etkileri

Öz

Günümüzde küresel bir halk sağlığı sorunu haline gelen obezite birçok bireyin sağlığını olumsuz yönde etkilemektedir. Özellikle kadınların üreme sağlığını etkileyerek anne ve yenidoğan açısından ani, uzun süreli morbiditelerin ortaya çıkmasında etkili olduğu bilinmektedir. Son yıllarda obezitenin tedavisinde sıklıkla tercih edilen bariatrik cerrahi kapsamında uygulanan farklı cerrahi prosedürlerin, morbid obez gebe kadınlarda bazı maternal ve fetal komplikasyonları önlediğine ilişkin kanıtlar bulunmaktadır. Bu derleme, bariatrik cerrahinin anneler ve yenidoğanlar üzerindeki etkilerini ve bariatrik cerrahi sonrası gebelik sürecinin takibinde hemşirenin rolünü değerlendirmek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Literatürde, bariatrik cerrahi sonrası gebelik sürecinde anne sağlığı ve fetal büyümeye ilişkin mikrobesin eksiklikleri, yetersiz kilo alımı gibi risklerin olduğu saptanmıştır. Yapılan çalışmalarda, bariatrik cerrahinin obezite tedavisindeki olumlu etkilerine bağlı anne ve yenidoğan sağlığını da olumlu yönde etkilediğine ilişkin sonuçlar vurgulanmaktadır. Bariatrik cerrahinin kadınlarda preeklampsi, eklampsi, gestasyonel diyabet, gibi gebelik komplikasyonları açısından güvenli gebelik ile doğurganlığı iyileştirdiği, omuz distosisi, makrozomi, doğum asfiksisi gibi riskler açısından da yenidoğanlar için güvenli olduğu bildirilmektedir. Bu derleme çalışmasının hemşirelerin bariatrik cerrahi sonrası gebelik sürecinin yönetimine ilişkin farkındalıklarını arttıracağı ve hemşireleri bu alandaki kanıt temelli uygulamaları hemşirelik bakımı içerisine entegre etmelerine katkıda bulunacağı düşünülmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

bariatrik cerrahi, yenidoğan, anne sağlığı, obezite, gebelik

Kaynakça

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