İhmal Edilen Bir Konu: Erkeklerde Yeme Bozuklukları

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 6 Sayı: 3, 612 - 626, 25.12.2024

Funda Işık

Öz

Erkeklerde yeme bozukluğu görülmediği görüşü son yıllarda yapılan araştırmaların sonucunda yeniden değerlendirilmeye başlanmıştır. Yeme bozukluklarının kadınlara özgü bir fenomen olduğu algısı, araştırmalardan erkeklerin dışlanması, tanı kriterlerinin kadın merkezli olması, erkek hastaların, yakınlarının ve sağlık uzmanlarının, yeme bozukluğu davranışını bir akıl sağlığı sorununun belirtisi olarak değerlendirme olasılıklarının düşük olması, erkeklerin yeme bozukluğu tedavisi hizmetleri arama ve psikolojik zorluklar için yardım aradıklarında yeme bozukluğu teşhisi konma olasılığının düşük olması nedeniyle erkeklerde yeme bozuklukları yaygınlığına ilişkin tahminler muhtemelen önemli ölçüde azımsanmaktadır. Tüm bu nedenlere rağmen son yıllarda erkeklerde yeme bozuklukları ve beden algısı hakkında farkındalık giderek daha fazla artmaktadır ancak tıbbi kılavuzlar çoğunlukla kadınlarla yapılan araştırma sonuçlarına dayandığı için erkeklere özgü tıbbi kılavuzlar yetersizdir. Erkeklerde yeme bozukluğu ele alınırken cinsiyete özgü faktörler göz ardı edilmemelidir. Yeme bozukluklarının etiyolojisi, tanı, tedavi ve değerlendirilmesinde cinsiyete özgü farklılıklara mutlaka dikkat etmek gerekmektedir. Yetersiz hizmet alan bu popülasyon için erkeğe özgü tarama, tedavi rehberliği ve müdahaleler geliştirilmelidir. Bu derlemenin amacı, yeme bozukluklarının cinsiyete özgü farklı özelliklerine bakmak ve soruna ilişkin kamuoyu farkındalığını artırmaktır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Yeme Bozuklukları, Cinsiyet, Beslenme Tedavisi

A Neglected Topic: Eating Disorders in Men

Öz

Recent studies have led to a reevaluation of the belief that men do not experience eating disorders. Estimates of the prevalence of eating disorders in men are likely to be significantly underestimated due to the perception that eating disorders are a female-specific phenomenon, the exclusion of men from research, the female-centricity of diagnostic criteria, the low likelihood that male patients, relatives, and health professionals will consider eating disorder behavior as a symptom of a mental health problem, and the low likelihood that men will be diagnosed with an eating disorder when they seek eating disorder treatment services and help for psychological difficulties. Despite all these reasons, awareness about eating disorders and body image in men has been increasing in recent years, but medical guidelines for men are insufficient, as medical guidelines are mostly based on research results with women. Gender-specific factors should not be ignored when addressing eating disorders in men. Gender-specific differences must be taken into consideration in the etiology, diagnosis, treatment, and evaluation of eating disorders. For this underserved population, male-specific screening, treatment recommendations, and interventions should be developed. The aim of this review is to look at the different gender-specific characteristics of eating disorders and to increase public awareness of the problem.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Eating Disorders, Gender, Nutritional Therapy

Kaynakça

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